{"id":1642,"date":"2009-11-03T04:26:27","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T06:26:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1642"},"modified":"2021-03-26T15:06:17","modified_gmt":"2021-03-26T18:06:17","slug":"jak-klast-otazky-v-japonstine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/como-fazer-perguntas-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak kl\u00e1st ot\u00e1zky v japon\u0161tin\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Jak<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Zjist\u011bte to nyn\u00ed jak kl\u00e1st ot\u00e1zky v japon\u0161tin\u011b<\/strong>!<\/em>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kladen\u00ed ot\u00e1zek v japon\u0161tin\u011b je stejn\u011b jednoduch\u00e9 jako kladen\u00ed ot\u00e1zek v portugal\u0161tin\u011b. V p\u0159edchoz\u00edch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch o Z\u00e1klady japonsk\u00e9 gramatiky<\/a>, kr\u00e1tce jsem se zm\u00ednil o tom, jak pou\u017e\u00edvat tuto \u010d\u00e1stici \u304b<\/acronym>aby se mohli pt\u00e1t v japon\u0161tin\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak kl\u00e1st ot\u00e1zky v japon\u0161tin\u011b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Proto jsem usoudil, \u017ee by bylo zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 se k tomuto t\u00e9matu vr\u00e1tit a uk\u00e1zat, jak kl\u00e1st ot\u00e1zky v japon\u0161tin\u011b komplexn\u011bji a z nov\u00e9ho \u00fahlu pohledu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed slovn\u00ed z\u00e1soba t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed se v t\u00e9to oblasti ji\u017e trochu vyznaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nani, itsu, doko a dare \u2013 Co, kdy, kde a kdo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Za\u010dneme s pou\u017eit\u00edm \u4f55<\/acronym>, kter\u00fd lze pou\u017e\u00edt k kladen\u00ed ot\u00e1zek v japon\u0161tin\u011b na jak\u00e9koli t\u00e9ma a o \u010demkoli, co v\u00e1s zaj\u00edm\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chcete-li kl\u00e1st ot\u00e1zky v japon\u0161tin\u011b pomoc\u00ed \u4f55<\/acronym>, sta\u010d\u00ed nahradit p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt v\u011bty v\u00fdrazem \u4f55<\/acronym> a p\u0159idat \u010d\u00e1stici \u304b<\/acronym> na konci v\u011bty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym>
Nan desu ka? (Co je to?)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co je to?<\/acronym>
Kore wa nan desu ka? (Co je to?)
Tady je \u017eelva.<\/acronym>
Kore wa kame ga iru. (Tohle je \u017eelva.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na co m\u00e1\u0161 chu\u0165?<\/acronym>
Nani ga tabetai no? (Co bys si dal\/a?)
M\u00e1m chu\u0165 na sushi.<\/acronym>
Chci j\u00edst sushi. (J\u00edst sushi.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co je to?<\/acronym>
Sore wa nan desu ka? (Co je to?)
To je s\u00fdr.<\/acronym>
Sore wa chiizu desu. (To je s\u00fdr.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u0161imn\u011bte si, \u017ee v\u00fdslovnost slova \u4f55<\/acronym> se m\u011bn\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na jej\u00edm postaven\u00ed ve v\u011bt\u011b. Chcete-li se dozv\u011bd\u011bt v\u00edce o tom, jak se to vyslovuje \u4f55<\/acronym> spr\u00e1vn\u011b, doporu\u010duji v\u00e1m p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst si \u010dl\u00e1nek \u201cKdy v japon\u0161tin\u011b pou\u017e\u00edt slovo nan nebo nani<\/a>\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A d\u00e1le, \u3044\u3064<\/acronym>, \u8ab0<\/acronym> e \u3069\u3053<\/acronym> pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem jako \u4f55<\/acronym>. Sta\u010d\u00ed tedy pouze nahradit p\u0159edm\u011bt v\u011bt n\u011bkter\u00fdm z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch slov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kdy jsi byl v Braz\u00edlii?<\/acronym>
Itsu burajiru e itta ka? (Kdy jsi byl v Braz\u00edlii?)
Loni jsem byl v Braz\u00edlii.<\/acronym>
Kyonen, burajiru e itta. (Loni jsem byl v Braz\u00edlii.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kde je moje kniha?<\/acronym>
Watashi no hon ga doko ni arimasu ka? (Kde je moje kniha?)
Va\u0161e kniha le\u017e\u00ed na stole.<\/acronym>
Anata no hon ga teeburu no ue ni arimasu. (Tvoje kniha je na stole.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kdo vypil to pivo?<\/acronym>
dare ga biiru wo nondano? (Kdo mi vypil pivo?)
Pan Honda se napil piva.<\/acronym>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kdo vypil to pivo?<\/acronym>
dare ga biiru wo nondano? (Kdo mi vypil pivo?)
Pan Honda se napil piva.<\/acronym>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kdo vypil to pivo?<\/acronym>
dare ga biiru wo nondano? (Kdo mi vypil pivo?)
Pan Honda se napil piva.<\/acronym>
Honda-san vypil pivo. (Pan Honda vypil pivo.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ikura a dorekurai \u2013 Kolik to je v japon\u0161tin\u011b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pokud v\u00edm, existuje v japon\u0161tin\u011b mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak polo\u017eit ot\u00e1zku s pou\u017eit\u00edm v\u00fdraz\u016f \u201ckolik to stoj\u00ed\u201d a \u201ckolik je\u0161t\u011b zb\u00fdv\u00e1\u201d. Dva nejz\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrazy jsou \u3044\u304f\u3089<\/acronym> e kolik<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obecn\u011b \u3044\u304f\u3089<\/acronym> souvis\u00ed s mno\u017estv\u00edm pen\u011bz, zat\u00edmco kolik<\/acronym> se t\u00fdk\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed, \u0161\u00ed\u0159ek, rozm\u011br\u016f atd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kolik stoj\u00ed tato kniha?<\/acronym>
kono hon wa ikura desu ka? (Kolik stoj\u00ed tato kniha?)
Tato kniha stoj\u00ed 200 jen\u016f.<\/acronym>
kono hon wa nihyaku en desu. (Tato kniha stoj\u00ed dv\u011b st\u011b jen\u016f.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak je to s Tokiem?<\/acronym>
Toukyu wa dorekurai desu ka? (Jak daleko je to do Tokia?)
Je to n\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f daleko.<\/acronym>
nan kiro motooi desu. (N\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, jak v japon\u0161tin\u011b kl\u00e1st ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se mno\u017estv\u00ed, je pou\u017eit\u00ed \u010d\u00edseln\u00edk\u016f. O n\u011bkter\u00fdch z nich jsem ji\u017e psal v p\u0159edchoz\u00edch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch. Pokud si chcete \u010d\u00edseln\u00edky zopakovat nebo se s nimi sezn\u00e1mit, doporu\u010duji p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst si \u010dl\u00e1nek \u201cPo\u010d\u00edtadla pro po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed v japon\u0161tin\u011b<\/a>\".

P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kolik knih si koup\u00edte?<\/acronym>
Hon wo nansatsu kaimasu ka? (Kolik knih si koup\u00edte?)
Jsou to \u010dty\u0159i svazky.<\/acronym>
Yonsatsu desu. (\u010cty\u0159i knihy.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kolik po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f m\u00e1\u0161?<\/acronym>
Conpyuuta o nandai motte iru? (Kolik po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f m\u00e1\u0161?)
T\u0159i kusy.<\/acronym>
Sandai desu (T\u0159i.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee kdy\u017e nezn\u00e1me spr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u010d\u00edta\u010d pro danou v\u011bc, m\u016f\u017eeme pou\u017e\u00edt v\u0161eobecn\u00fd \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed v japon\u0161tin\u011b<\/a>. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u3044\u304f\u3089<\/acronym> oto\u010d\u00ed se na kolik<\/acronym>, \u010d\u00edm\u017e z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed o univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159eklada\u010d a umo\u017e\u0148uje kl\u00e1st ot\u00e1zky v japon\u0161tin\u011b na nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed t\u00e9mata.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kolik kaki sn\u00edte?<\/acronym>
kaki o ikutsu tabemasuka? (Kolik kaki sn\u00edte?)
Jsou t\u0159i.<\/acronym>
mitsu desu (t\u0159i.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Doushite \u2013 proto\u017ee v japon\u0161tin\u011b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Chceme-li se v japon\u0161tin\u011b zeptat na d\u016fvod n\u011b\u010deho, pou\u017eijeme slovo Pro\u010d<\/acronym>. Nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak odpov\u00eddat na ot\u00e1zky v japon\u0161tin\u011b polo\u017een\u00e9 pomoc\u00ed Pro\u010d<\/acronym> je to p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm \u304b\u3089<\/acronym> na konci odpov\u011bdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abychom tedy odpov\u011bd\u011bli na ot\u00e1zku polo\u017eenou pomoc\u00ed Pro\u010d<\/acronym>, sta\u010d\u00ed vytvo\u0159it odpov\u011b\u010f a p\u0159idat \u304b\u3089<\/acronym> na jej\u00edm konci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro\u010d jedete do Japonska?<\/acronym>
Doushite nihon ni ikimasu ka? (Pro\u010d jede\u0161 do Japonska?)
Proto\u017ee se chci u\u010dit japon\u0161tinu.<\/acronym>
Nihon o benkyoushitai kara. (Proto\u017ee se chci nau\u010dit japonsky.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obr\u00e1zky pat\u0159\u00ed oberazzi<\/a>.<\/small><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cvi\u010den\u00ed ru\u010dn\u00edho psan\u00ed kand\u017ei<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

N\u00ed\u017ee jsou uvedeny Japonsk\u00e9 ideografick\u00e9 symboly<\/a> pou\u017eit\u00e9 v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku. Vyberte po\u017eadovan\u00e9 kand\u017ei, zkop\u00edrujte je a vlo\u017ete do pole Pracovn\u00ed list pro procvi\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed kany a kand\u017ei<\/a>  Po kliknut\u00ed na tla\u010d\u00edtko \u201eVytvo\u0159it\u201c se otev\u0159e nov\u00e9 okno, ve kter\u00e9m uvid\u00edte soubor ur\u010den\u00fd k tisku. Pot\u00e9 sta\u010d\u00ed symboly vytisknout a zkusit ps\u00e1t sami. Sta\u010d\u00ed jen vytisknout a procvi\u010dovat!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f55<\/td>\u4e80<\/td>\u98df<\/td>\u884c<\/td>\u53bb<\/td><\/tr>
\u5e74<\/td>\u672c<\/td>\u4e0a<\/td>\u8ab0<\/td>\u98f2<\/td><\/tr>
\u7530<\/td>\u5186<\/td>\u6771<\/td>\u4eac<\/td>\u518a<\/td><\/tr>
\u8cb7<\/td>\u53f0<\/td>\u6301<\/td>\u67ff<\/td>\u65e5<\/td><\/tr>
\u8a9e<\/td>\u52c9<\/td>\u5f37<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nau\u010dte se kl\u00e1st ot\u00e1zky v japon\u0161tin\u011b! Kl\u00e1st ot\u00e1zky v japon\u0161tin\u011b je stejn\u011b jednoduch\u00e9 jako v portugal\u0161tin\u011b. V p\u0159edchoz\u00edch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch o z\u00e1kladn\u00ed japonsk\u00e9 gramatice jsem hovo\u0159il o tom, jak pou\u017e\u00edvat \u010d\u00e1stici \u304bpara.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":1645,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,60],"tags":[27,71,2,3],"class_list":["post-1642","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-vocabulario-japones","tag-gramatica","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1642","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1642"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1642\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1645"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1642"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1642"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1642"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}