{"id":1724,"date":"2009-11-03T05:19:53","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T07:19:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1724"},"modified":"2018-03-11T15:45:26","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T18:45:26","slug":"japonske-oslovovaci-zajmena","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/pronomes-de-tratamento-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e9\u010debn\u00e1 z\u00e1jmena v japon\u0161tin\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si v\u00edce o\u00a0<strong>japonsk\u00e9 oslovovac\u00ed tituly<\/strong>!<\/em><\/p>\n<p>V japon\u0161tin\u011b existuje mnoho oslovovac\u00edch titul\u016f. V\u011bt\u0161ina z nich slou\u017e\u00ed k up\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b vztahu mezi dv\u011bma nebo v\u00edce lidmi.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u00e9\u010debn\u00e1 z\u00e1jmena v japon\u0161tin\u011b<\/h2>\n<p>Tak\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me jeden <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/japonske-oslovovaci-zajmena\/\">japonsk\u00fd oslovovac\u00ed titul<\/a> pro p\u0159\u00e1tele, jin\u00fd pro p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 a tak d\u00e1le. Chcete-li pou\u017e\u00edt oslovovac\u00ed titul, sta\u010d\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt jednu z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpon za jm\u00e9nem osoby.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"chan\">chan<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Zdrobn\u011blina pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 l\u00e1skypln\u011b p\u0159i oslovov\u00e1n\u00ed bl\u00edzk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00e1tel, d\u00edvek nebo mlad\u0161\u00edch lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kun\">kun<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edpona pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 pro bl\u00edzk\u00e9 lidi, kter\u00e9 velmi respektujete, obvykle mu\u017ee, ale n\u011bkdy m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eita i pro \u017eeny.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"San\">\u3055\u3093<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Lze p\u0159elo\u017eit jako \u201cpan\u201d nebo \u201cpan\u00ed\u201d. Obvykle se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro osloven\u00ed n\u011bkoho star\u0161\u00edho nebo koho dob\u0159e nezn\u00e1te.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"sensei\">sensei<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Lze p\u0159elo\u017eit jako u\u010ditel(ka), instruktor(ka), mistr... Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se pro osloven\u00ed nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch osob v neform\u00e1ln\u00ed konverzaci. V neform\u00e1ln\u00ed konverzaci m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159elo\u017eeno jako doktor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Viz tak\u00e9:<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/metoda-fanouskovskeho-umeni\/\">Metoda, jak se nau\u010dit kreslit anime!<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/japonsky-expresni-online-kurz-japonstiny\/\">Rychl\u00fd kurz japon\u0161tiny!<\/a><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"sama\">sama<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Velmi zdvo\u0159il\u00fd zp\u016fsob osloven\u00ed jin\u00fdch lid\u00ed. Obvykle se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro osloven\u00ed \u010dlen\u016f kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 rodiny, c\u00edsa\u0159\u016f. V obchodech prodava\u010di pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u201cSama\u201d pro osloven\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f. Tento japonsk\u00fd oslovovac\u00ed titul lze tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt v restaurac\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"senpai\">senpai<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Term\u00edn pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd pro osoby pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za zku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Pou\u017eit\u00ed senpai je velmi b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 mezi mlad\u0161\u00edmi studenty v\u016f\u010di star\u0161\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"douhai\">d\u014dhai<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Kolega v pr\u00e1ci nebo student stejn\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b, nebo ti, kte\u0159\u00ed nastoupili do \u0161koly ve stejnou dobu.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kouhai\">k\u014dhai<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Term\u00edn pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd pro osloven\u00ed nov\u00e1\u010dk\u016f nebo za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edk\u016f ve stejn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"dono\">kter\u00fd<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Tento je fajn. Je form\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e San a m\u00e9n\u011b form\u00e1ln\u00ed ne\u017e Sama. Je to, jako byste byli d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 a vlivn\u00e1 osoba, ale ne \u010dlen kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 rodiny.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"han\">han<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>HAN je oslovovac\u00ed titul podobn\u00fd SAN, ale postupem \u010dasu se p\u0159estal pou\u017e\u00edvat. Dnes je pou\u017eit\u00ed HAN vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 a m\u00edsto n\u011bj se nyn\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 SAN.<\/p>\n<p>Na <a href=\"https:\/\/skdesu.com\/titulos-honorificos-japoneses-san-chan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">odkazovat na jin\u00e9 lidi v Japonsku<\/a>, bu\u010fte opatrn\u00ed p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed osloven\u00ed. Pro ka\u017edou situaci existuje forma a formy se tak\u00e9 mohou m\u011bnit podle toho, s k\u00fdm mluv\u00edte. B\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 form\u00e1ln\u00ed k p\u0159\u00e1tel\u016fm nen\u00ed dobr\u00e9, stejn\u011b jako b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 neform\u00e1ln\u00ed k nezn\u00e1m\u00fdm lidem je nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9. Proto\u017ee San je nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed forma osloven\u00ed, pou\u017eijte ji v\u017edy, kdy\u017e si nejste jisti, kterou formu osloven\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n<p>Odkazovat na n\u011bkoho bez pou\u017eit\u00ed osloven\u00ed nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vhodn\u00e9.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zjist\u011bte v\u00edce o japonsk\u00fdch oslovovac\u00edch z\u00e1jmenech! V japon\u0161tin\u011b existuje mnoho oslovovac\u00edch z\u00e1jmen. V\u011bt\u0161ina z nich se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k ur\u010den\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b vztahu mezi dv\u011bma nebo v\u00edce osobami. Z\u00e1jmena osloven\u00ed v<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":1726,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,72],"tags":[69,27,71,2,3],"class_list":["post-1724","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-pronomes-em-japones","tag-curso-japones-gratis","tag-gramatica","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1724","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1724"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1724\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1726"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1724"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1724"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1724"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}