{"id":2436,"date":"2010-01-13T09:00:15","date_gmt":"2010-01-13T11:00:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2436"},"modified":"2020-06-08T20:31:55","modified_gmt":"2020-06-08T23:31:55","slug":"ni-castice-v-japonstine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/particula-ni-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010c\u00e1stice NI v japon\u0161tin\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"c0799bc3a0e94be098a47dd4bca28a45\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Ads responsivo Inicio Post CAJap -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3298668993\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Zjist\u011bte v\u00edce o&nbsp;<strong>\u010d\u00e1stice NI<\/strong> v japon\u0161tin\u011b o jeho hlavn\u00edm pou\u017eit\u00ed v NIHONGO!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010c\u00e1stice&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;je jednou z \u010d\u00e1stic, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed v japonsk\u00e9 gramatice nejv\u00edce funkc\u00ed. Lze ji pou\u017e\u00edt k ozna\u010den\u00ed existence a polohy, sm\u011bru d\u011bje, \u010dasoprostoru a mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00edlem tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku nen\u00ed podrobn\u011b popsat v\u0161echny funkce \u010d\u00e1stice.&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>To by bylo p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouh\u00e9 a \u00fanavn\u00e9. Proto budu zd\u016fraz\u0148ovat nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed funkce tohoto syst\u00e9mu.&nbsp;<a title=\"\u010c\u00e1stice v japon\u0161tin\u011b\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/castice-v-japonstine\/\">Japonsk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stice<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ozna\u010den\u00ed existence nebo um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010c\u00e1stice&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;lze pou\u017e\u00edt k ozna\u010den\u00ed existence nebo um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed n\u011b\u010deho nebo n\u011bkoho. Ve v\u011bt\u00e1ch, jako je tato, se \u010d\u00e1stice&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;obvykle stoj\u00ed p\u0159ed slovesem a ozna\u010duje, kde se nach\u00e1z\u00ed podm\u011bt v\u011bty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"tanaka-sensei wa, ima gakkou ni irasshaimasu.\">\u7530\u4e2d\u5148\u751f\u306f\u3001\u4eca\u5b66\u6821<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u3044\u3089\u3063\u3057\u3083\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Profesor Tanaka je nyn\u00ed&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">v<\/span>&nbsp;\u0161kola.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"kare wa nihon ni sundeimasen.\">\u5f7c\u306f\u65e5\u672c<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u4f4f\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ne\u017eije&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">v<\/span>&nbsp;Japonsko.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jak jsem se zm\u00ednil v \u010dl\u00e1nku o&nbsp;<a title=\"Kdy v japon\u0161tin\u011b pou\u017e\u00edt \u010d\u00e1stici GA\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/kdy-pouzit-castici-ga\/\">\u010d\u00e1stice ga v japon\u0161tin\u011b<\/a>V mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017eeme kombinovat n\u011bkolik japonsk\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic, abychom v\u011btu up\u0159esnili nebo do n\u00ed p\u0159idali v\u00edce informac\u00ed. V mnoha t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech se \u010d\u00e1stice&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd p\u0159eklad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"kare wa toukyou eki no chikaku ni sunde imasu.\">\u5f7c\u306f\u6771\u4eac\u99c5\u306e\u8fd1\u304f<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u4f4f\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Bydl\u00ed nedaleko tokijsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"umi ni sakana ga imasu.\">\u6d77<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u9b5a\u304c\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>V mo\u0159i jsou ryby.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u0161imn\u011bte si, \u017ee na rozd\u00edl od&nbsp;<a title=\"Japonsk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stice E\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/japonske-castice-a\/\">\u010d\u00e1stice&nbsp;<em>e<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;kter\u00e1 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ve spojen\u00ed s d\u011bjov\u00fdmi slovesy, \u010d\u00e1stic\u00ed&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;se obvykle pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 u stati\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sloves nebo tam, kde se podm\u011bt v\u011bty nem\u011bn\u00ed kv\u016fli prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"honda-san wa shinjuku no ginkou ni tsutomete imasu\">\u672c\u7530\u3055\u3093\u306f\u65b0\u5bbf\u306e\u9280\u884c<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u52e4\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Pan Honda pracuje (nebo pracuje)&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">v<\/span>&nbsp;Banka Shinjiku.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010c\u00e1stice NI a \u010dasov\u00fd vztah<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010c\u00e1stice&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;m\u016f\u017ee ozna\u010dovat \u010dasov\u00fd vztah a identifikovat, co se d\u011bje na ur\u010dit\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b. M\u016f\u017ee ozna\u010dovat, kdy n\u011bco za\u010dalo, skon\u010dilo nebo \u010dasov\u00fd interval, ve kter\u00e9m se n\u011bco stalo nebo d\u011bje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"ginkou wa kuji ni hirakimasu.\">\u9280\u884c\u306f\u4e5d\u6642<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u958b\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Banka otev\u00edr\u00e1&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">na<\/span>&nbsp;dev\u011bt hodin.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"gakkou wa mainichi kuji ni hajimarimasu.\">\u5b66\u6821\u306f\u6bce\u65e5\u516b\u6642\u534a<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u59cb\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ka\u017ed\u00e9 r\u00e1no za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 \u0161kola (nebo vyu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed)&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">na<\/span>&nbsp;p\u016fl dev\u00e1t\u00e9.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"getsuyoubi ni burajiru he ikimasu.\">\u6708\u66dc\u65e5<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u30d6\u30e9\u30b8\u30eb\u3078\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Jedu do Braz\u00edlie&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">v<\/span>&nbsp;Pond\u011bl\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na rozd\u00edl od \u010d\u00e1stic&nbsp;<em>kara<\/em>&nbsp;e&nbsp;<em>vyrobeno<\/em>o kter\u00e9m se zm\u00edn\u00edme v dal\u0161\u00edch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch, \u010d\u00e1stice&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;obvykle pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslovce \u010dasu m\u00edsto toho, aby zd\u016fraz\u0148ovaly p\u0159esn\u00fd za\u010d\u00e1tek a konec d\u011bje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Uveden\u00ed \u00fa\u010delu akce<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To je bod, kter\u00fd studenty japon\u0161tiny nejv\u00edce mate, proto\u017ee \u010d\u00e1stice&nbsp;<em>e&nbsp;<\/em>m\u00e1 plnit stejnou funkci. Ve v\u011bt\u00e1ch, jako je tato, se \u010d\u00e1stice&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;lze nahradit \u010d\u00e1stic\u00ed&nbsp;<em>e<\/em>&nbsp;ani\u017e by se zm\u011bnil v\u00fdznam v\u011bty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"watashi wa nihon ni ikitai.\">\u79c1\u306f\u65e5\u672c<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"watashi wa nihon e ikitai.\">\u79c1\u306f\u65e5\u672c<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u3078<\/span>\u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Chci j\u00edt&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">pro<\/span>&nbsp;Japonsko.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"kanojo wa raigetsu burajiru ni ikimasu.\">\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u6765\u6708\u30d6\u30e9\u30b8\u30eb<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"kanojo wa raigetsu burajiru e ikimasu.\">\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u6765\u6708\u30d6\u30e9\u30b8\u30eb<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u3078<\/span>\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ona bude&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">pro<\/span>&nbsp;Braz\u00edlie p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\u010dkoli se tak d\u011bje n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t, \u00fa\u010del akce ne v\u017edy odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed subjektu z jednoho m\u00edsta na druh\u00e9. Podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru, kdy\u017e nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed subjektu, nem\u00e1 smysl m\u011bnit \u010d\u00e1stici&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;\u010d\u00e1stic\u00ed&nbsp;<em>e<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"boku wa oniisan ni tegami o kaita.\">\u50d5\u306f\u304a\u5144\u3055\u3093<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u624b\u7d19\u3092\u66f8\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Napsal jsem dopis&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">pro<\/span>&nbsp;m\u016fj star\u0161\u00ed bratr.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ozna\u010den\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho p\u0159edm\u011btu v\u011bty<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010c\u00e1stice&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ke zd\u016frazn\u011bn\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho p\u0159edm\u011btu v\u011bty. Obvykle se objevuje za nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm p\u0159edm\u011btem, kdy\u017e nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159ed p\u0159edm\u011btem p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm, nebo mezi nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm p\u0159edm\u011btem a slovesem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"kaimono ni ikimasu.\">\u8cb7\u3044\u7269<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Chyst\u00e1m se&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">na<\/span>&nbsp;nakupov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"imouto wa watashi ni tanjoubi no purezento o kuremashita.\">\u59b9\u306f\u79c1<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u8a95\u751f\u65e5\u306e\u30d7\u30ec\u30bc\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u304f\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Moje sestra mi dala d\u00e1rek k narozenin\u00e1m&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">na<\/span>&nbsp;j\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\u010dkoli m\u00e1 mnoho funkc\u00ed, nau\u010dit se z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stic je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9.&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;nen\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fd. V\u00edm, \u017ee pro n\u011bj existuj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed funkce, a \u010dasem hodl\u00e1m tento \u010dl\u00e1nek aktualizovat o dal\u0161\u00ed funkce pro \u010d\u00e1stice.&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prozat\u00edm jsem si myslel, \u017ee bude lep\u0161\u00ed komentovat nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1stice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Indikace<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010cl\u00e1nek z <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nhk.or.jp\/lesson\/portuguese\/questions\/0008.html\" target=\"_blank\">NHk o t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1stici<\/a> a tak\u00e9 toto vysv\u011btlen\u00ed <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nhk.or.jp\/lesson\/portuguese\/teacher\/16.html\" target=\"_blank\">kliknut\u00edm zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph\">Z webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek skdesu p\u00ed\u0161e tak\u00e9 o:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/skdesu.com\/particulas-e-e-ni-qual-e-quando-usar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u010c\u00e1stice \u3078, \u306b, \u3067 kter\u00e9 a kdy pou\u017e\u00edt?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00ed\u017ee je video z kan\u00e1lu faleemjapones, kter\u00e9 vysv\u011btluje i \u010d\u00e1stici \u306b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"#72 LEKCE JAPON\u0160TINY: \u010c\u00c1STICE \u306b\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/WXN6WXLzABo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zjist\u011bte v\u00edce o \u010d\u00e1stici NI v japon\u0161tin\u011b a jej\u00edm hlavn\u00edm pou\u017eit\u00ed v NIHONGO! \u010c\u00e1stice ni je jednou z \u010d\u00e1stic s nejv\u00edce funkcemi v japonsk\u00e9 gramatice. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eita k ozna\u010den\u00ed existence a um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed, sm\u011bru<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":2438,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74,70],"tags":[71,2,15],"class_list":["post-2436","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-particulas-em-japones","category-gramatica-japonesa","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-particulas-basicas","resize-featured-image"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2436","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2436"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2436\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2438"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2436"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2436"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2436"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}