{"id":2734,"date":"2010-01-08T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2010-01-08T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2734"},"modified":"2021-12-03T15:24:29","modified_gmt":"2021-12-03T18:24:29","slug":"japonsky-kalendar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/calendario-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Japonsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159"},"content":{"rendered":"

O Japonsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159<\/strong>Ve sv\u00e9 p\u016fvodn\u00ed podob\u011b nepo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 roky jako n\u00e1\u0161 gregori\u00e1nsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Japonsk\u00fd<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Tradi\u010dn\u00ed japonsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159 je zalo\u017een na epoch\u00e1ch, kdy se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed znovu spust\u00ed v\u017edy, kdy\u017e jedna epocha kon\u010d\u00ed a druh\u00e1 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dnes se v Japonsku nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 kalend\u00e1\u0159. Gregori\u00e1nsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159<\/a>Po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 dny, m\u011bs\u00edce a roky stejn\u011b jako v Braz\u00edlii a mnoha z\u00e1padn\u00edch zem\u00edch. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Navzdory tomu mnoho ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch rejst\u0159\u00edk\u016f a not\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 tradi\u010dn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159, co\u017e nut\u00ed lidi zn\u00e1t a pou\u017e\u00edvat jak tradi\u010dn\u00ed japonsk\u00fd, tak gregori\u00e1nsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Japonsk\u00fd<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Tradi\u010dn\u00ed japonsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Na rozd\u00edl od toho, na co jsme zvykl\u00ed my, tradi\u010dn\u00ed japonsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159 nepo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 roky jako ten n\u00e1\u0161. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 roky podle \u010dasov\u00fdch \u00fasek\u016f, kter\u00e9 se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fdmi ud\u00e1lostmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V minulosti mohlo j\u00edt o jakoukoli v\u00fdznamnou ud\u00e1lost, nap\u0159\u00edklad narozen\u00ed n\u011bkoho v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho pro Japonsko, revoluci v ekonomice nebo \u00famrt\u00ed slavn\u00e9 osobnosti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Skute\u010dnost je takov\u00e1, \u017ee kdy\u017e za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 nov\u00e1 \u00e9ra, po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed let za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 znovu a pokra\u010duje tak dlouho, dokud se neobjev\u00ed nov\u00e1 \u00e9ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Postupem \u010dasu tyto \"\u00e9ry\" japonsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e ozna\u010dovaly pouze za\u010d\u00e1tek a konec vl\u00e1dy ka\u017ed\u00e9ho japonsk\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kdy\u017e tedy c\u00edsa\u0159 nastoup\u00ed na tr\u016fn, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 nov\u00e1 \u00e9ra, a kdy\u017e zem\u0159e, sou\u010dasn\u00e1 \u00e9ra kon\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podle t\u00e9to formy kalend\u00e1\u0159e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 rok 2010 roku 21 \u00e9ry. \u5e73\u6210<\/acronym>Je tomu 21 let, co c\u00edsa\u0159 Akihito usedl na japonsk\u00fd tr\u016fn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud v\u00e1s to zaj\u00edm\u00e1, n\u00ed\u017ee je uveden seznam nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obdob\u00ed<\/a>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eras<\/th>N\u00e1zev obdob\u00ed<\/th>Obdob\u00ed<\/th>C\u00edsa\u0159<\/th><\/tr>
\u660e\u6cbb<\/td>Bylo to Meiji<\/strong><\/td>1868 a\u017e 1912<\/td>C\u00edsa\u0159 Mutsuhito<\/td><\/tr>
\u5927\u6b63<\/td>Bylo to Taishou<\/strong><\/td>1912 a\u017e 1926<\/td>C\u00edsa\u0159 Jo\u0161ihito<\/td><\/tr>
\u662d\u548c<\/td>Bylo to Shouwa<\/strong><\/td>1926 a\u017e 1989<\/td>C\u00edsa\u0159 Hirohito<\/td><\/tr>
\u5e73\u6210<\/td>Bylo to Heisei<\/strong><\/td>1989 a\u017e 2019<\/td>C\u00edsa\u0159 Akihito<\/td><\/tr>
\u4ee4\u548c<\/td>Bylo to Reiwa<\/strong><\/td>2019 - sou\u010dasnost<\/td>C\u00edsa\u0159 Reiwa<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0158\u00edk\u00e1me, \u017ee ten, kdo se narodil v ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u00e9\u0159e japonsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e, se narodil v roce t\u00e9to \u00e9ry. Nap\u0159\u00edklad j\u00e1 jsem se narodil v 55. roce \u00e9ry \u0161\u00f3wa, tedy v roce 1981.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A co z\u00e1padn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kv\u016fli z\u00e1padn\u00edmu vlivu za\u010dali Japonci pou\u017e\u00edvat gregori\u00e1nsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed spolu s mnoha japonsk\u00fdmi symboly, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaly k zn\u00e1zorn\u011bn\u00ed. dny v t\u00fddnu v japon\u0161tin\u011b<\/a>, m\u011bs\u00edce v roce v japon\u0161tin\u011b<\/a> a rok v japon\u0161tin\u011b<\/a> sama o sob\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee \u010d\u00edsla v japonsk\u00fdch kalend\u00e1\u0159\u00edch se obvykle p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed indoarabsk\u00fdmi symboly (stejn\u00fdmi, jak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me my) m\u00edsto indoevropsk\u00fdch. \u010d\u00edsla v japon\u0161tin\u011b<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vzhledem k t\u00e9to sm\u011bsici Japonsk\u00e9 symboly<\/a>, indoarabsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslice a Japon\u0161t\u00ed \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed<\/a>Vznikla sm\u011bs japonsk\u00e9ho a gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nakonec to Japonsko-regori\u00e1nsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159<\/em> je kalend\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00fd Japonci pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b, ale ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 org\u00e1ny a \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed dokumenty p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00ed pouze data zapsan\u00e1 podle tradi\u010dn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e, co\u017e nut\u00ed oba syst\u00e9my po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed koexistovat.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Japonsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159 ve sv\u00e9 p\u016fvodn\u00ed podob\u011b nepo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 roky jako n\u00e1\u0161 gregori\u00e1nsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159. Tradi\u010dn\u00ed japonsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159 je zalo\u017een na epoch\u00e1ch, kdy se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed znovu spust\u00ed v\u017edy, kdy\u017e jedna epocha kon\u010d\u00ed a druh\u00e1 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":2740,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[94],"tags":[97,98],"class_list":["post-2734","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cultura-japonesa","tag-calendario-japones","tag-windows","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2734","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2734"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2734\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2734"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2734"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2734"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}