{"id":2845,"date":"2009-12-28T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-12-28T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2845"},"modified":"2020-08-13T15:28:14","modified_gmt":"2020-08-13T18:28:14","slug":"japonsky-novy-rok","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/ano-novo-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Japonsk\u00fd nov\u00fd rok a jeho tradice"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"c0799bc3a0e94be098a47dd4bca28a45\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Ads responsivo Inicio Post CAJap -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3298668993\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O&nbsp;<strong>Japonsk\u00fd nov\u00fd rok<\/strong>&nbsp;nen\u00ed zrovna pam\u00e1tn\u00fdm datem, ale obdob\u00edm oslav a tradic, kter\u00e9 jsou zcela odli\u0161n\u00e9 od z\u00e1padn\u00edho sv\u011bta. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u011bkdy bych si p\u0159\u00e1l, aby to v Japonsku vypadalo jako u n\u00e1s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u0159i a\u017e sedm dn\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00edch sv\u00e1tk\u016f by sta\u010dilo. Nemysl\u00edte?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Skute\u010dnost je takov\u00e1, \u017ee v\u0161echny tyto tradice a ritu\u00e1ly prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 v obdob\u00ed p\u0159ed japonsk\u00fdm nov\u00fdm rokem jsou ud\u00e1losti zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na zlep\u0161en\u00ed vztah\u016f s ostatn\u00edmi lidmi, p\u0159il\u00e1k\u00e1n\u00ed zdrav\u00ed a prosperity v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm roce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O v\u0161ech tradic\u00edch a ritu\u00e1lech japonsk\u00e9ho nov\u00e9ho roku by nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 napsat jedin\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Proto jsem se rozhodl napsat dva \u010dl\u00e1nky o tom, co se d\u011bje p\u0159ed, b\u011bhem a po japonsk\u00e9m nov\u00e9m roce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokud b\u011bhem&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/japonske-vanoce-a-vesele-vanoce-v-japonstine\/\">tradi\u010dn\u00ed japonsk\u00e9 v\u00e1noce<\/a>&nbsp;nebylo mnoho oslav, japonsk\u00fd nov\u00fd rok je velmi po\u010detn\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O\u010dist\u011bte sv\u016fj \u017eivot p\u0159ed nov\u00fdm rokem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"237\" height=\"158\" src=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/oosouji-a-grande-limpeza.jpg\" alt=\"oosouji velk\u00e1 o\u010dista\" class=\"wp-image-2846\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\u010dkoli mnoho japonsk\u00fdch rodin za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 s p\u0159\u00edpravami je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed posledn\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edcem roku, mnoz\u00ed \u010dekaj\u00ed s velk\u00fdm \u00faklidem sv\u00fdch domov\u016f a \u017eivot\u016f a\u017e do za\u010d\u00e1tku prosince.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tato ud\u00e1lost je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako&nbsp;<acronym title=\"oosouji\">\u5927\u6383\u9664<\/acronym>velk\u00fd \u00faklid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Proto\u017ee \u00faklid m\u00e1 v\u00fdznam duchovn\u00ed o\u010disty, nejedn\u00e1 se pouze o \u00faklid m\u00edstnost\u00ed v dom\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lid\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed zbavit v\u0161eho negativn\u00edho ve sv\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zam\u011bstnanci firem pom\u00e1haj\u00ed \u010distit organizace, lid\u00e9 spl\u00e1cej\u00ed dluhy, pln\u00ed sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky a nespln\u011bn\u00e9 sliby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Japonci se nav\u00edc chovaj\u00ed velmi podobn\u011b, pokud jde o citov\u00e9 vztahy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dal\u0161\u00edm zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm v\u00fdznamem tohoto ritu\u00e1lu je odstranit v\u0161e, co by mohlo br\u00e1nit va\u0161emu \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm roce, a udr\u017eet sm\u016flu mimo v\u00e1\u0161 \u017eivot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"background-color:#e5ebef\" class=\"has-background wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si tak\u00e9:<br \/><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/japonsky-kalendar\/\">Japonsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/hiragana-tabela-complete\/\">St\u00e1hn\u011bte si kompletn\u00ed tabulku Hiragana<br \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/katakana-tabela-complete\/\">St\u00e1hn\u011bte si kompletn\u00ed tabulku katakany<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010cistota a s\u00edla v dort\u00edku<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"237\" height=\"158\" src=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/mochi-bolinho-de-arroz.jpg\" alt=\"mochi japonsk\u00fd r\u00fd\u017eov\u00fd knedl\u00edk\" class=\"wp-image-2848\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b t\u0159i dny p\u0159ed japonsk\u00fdm nov\u00fdm rokem za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed na\u0161i orient\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9 p\u0159ipravovat. <a href=\"https:\/\/skdesu.com\/mochi-doce-japones-wagashi-curiosidades\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">speci\u00e1ln\u00ed r\u00fd\u017eov\u00fd knedl\u00edk<\/a> zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako&nbsp;<acronym title=\"mochi - r\u00fd\u017eov\u00fd knedl\u00edk\">\u9905<\/acronym>&nbsp;nebo <acronym title=\"mochi tsuki - r\u00fd\u017eov\u00fd knedl\u00edk\">\u9905\u3064\u304d<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Knedl\u00edky se p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed ru\u010dn\u011b, a proto se na jejich p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b pod\u00edl\u00ed mnoho rodin a komunit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ji\u017e p\u0159\u00edprava mochi napov\u00edd\u00e1 o jeho v\u00fdznamu, proto\u017ee r\u00fd\u017ee se uva\u0159\u00ed, roz\u0161leh\u00e1 a pot\u00e9 se z n\u00ed rukama vytvo\u0159\u00ed r\u00fd\u017eov\u00e9 kuli\u010dky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Orient\u00e1lci v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee&nbsp;<acronym title=\"mochi - r\u00fd\u017eov\u00fd knedl\u00edk\">\u9905<\/acronym>&nbsp;symbolizuj\u00ed s\u00edlu a \u010distotu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co takhle japonsk\u00fd novoro\u010dn\u00ed stromek?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"237\" height=\"158\" src=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/kagamimochi-decoracao-de-ano-novo-japones.jpg\" alt=\"kagamimochi Japonsk\u00e1 novoro\u010dn\u00ed dekorace\" class=\"wp-image-2849\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S p\u0159\u00edchodem nov\u00e9ho roku Japonci vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed tzv.&nbsp;<acronym title=\"kagamimochi\">\u93e1\u9905<\/acronym>druh v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho stromku (nebo novoro\u010dn\u00edho stromku), jeho\u017e z\u00e1kladem jsou kol\u00e1\u010de vyroben\u00e9 z <acronym title=\"mochi - r\u00fd\u017eov\u00fd knedl\u00edk\">\u9905<\/acronym> a oran\u017eov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1kladem je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed r\u00fd\u017eov\u00fd kol\u00e1\u010d, na n\u011bm men\u0161\u00ed a naho\u0159e pomeran\u010d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Krom\u011b toho Japonci um\u00eds\u0165uj\u00ed na d\u016fm mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch ozdob.&nbsp;<acronym title=\"kagamimochi\">\u93e1\u9905<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Druhou ned\u011bli v nov\u00e9m roce pak sund\u00e1vaj\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161 neobvykl\u00fd novoro\u010dn\u00ed strom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Japonci \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee tento \"strom\" je ob\u011btov\u00e1n Buddhovi a m\u00e1 v\u00fdznam vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed a prosperity v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm roce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Japonsk\u00e1 novoro\u010denka<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"237\" height=\"158\" src=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/cartao-de-ano-novo-japones.jpg\" alt=\"japonsk\u00e9 novoro\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed\" class=\"wp-image-2850\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na rozd\u00edl od na\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bny p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed si Japonci na p\u0159elomu roku vym\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed\u010dka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je zvykem pos\u00edlat p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1tel\u016fm a p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdm a d\u011bkovat jim za jejich pozornost a za v\u0161e, co pro n\u011b v uplynul\u00e9m roce ud\u011blali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Japonci tak\u00e9 p\u0159ej\u00ed \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed a prosperitu ostatn\u00edm lidem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pravidla japonsk\u00fdch novoro\u010denek<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jako v\u0161echno v Japonsku m\u00e1 sv\u00e1 pravidla a ritu\u00e1ly, ani novoro\u010denky se jim nevyh\u00fdbaj\u00ed. Pokud chcete n\u011bkoho obdarovat p\u0159\u00e1n\u00edm (je\u0161t\u011b je \u010das), v\u011bnujte pozornost t\u011bmto tip\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Kartu je t\u0159eba odevzdat do prvn\u00edho ledna.<\/li><li>Na kart\u00e1ch jsou obvykle ilustrace, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, jako je sedm boh\u016f \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed nebo symboly japonsk\u00e9ho zv\u011brokruhu, zejm\u00e9na symbol p\u0159edstavuj\u00edc\u00ed nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed rok.<\/li><li>Pokud chcete d\u00e1t p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkomu, jeho\u017e rodina utrp\u011bla smrt p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9ho, nepos\u00edlejte ho. Sta\u010d\u00ed jim poslat p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed se vzkazem soustrasti.<\/li><li>Dbejte na balen\u00ed. Japonci kladou velk\u00fd d\u016fraz na d\u00e1rkov\u00e9 balen\u00ed. Ud\u011blejte to jako oni a v\u011bnujte i t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1sti d\u00e1rku trochu \u010dasu.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Japonsk\u00fd nov\u00fd rok a t\u0159i dny tepl\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed...<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"237\" height=\"158\" src=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/osechi-ryouri-quentinha-japonesa-de-ano-novo.jpg\" alt=\"Hork\u00e9 japonsk\u00e9 novoro\u010denky Osechi Ryouri - \u5fa1\u7bc0\u6599\u7406 a \u91cd\u7bb1\" class=\"wp-image-2851\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pro Japonce je posledn\u00ed den v roce pova\u017eov\u00e1n za den odpo\u010dinku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Proto je p\u0159irozen\u00e9, \u017ee posledn\u00ed prosincov\u00fd den a prvn\u00ed t\u0159i dny japonsk\u00e9ho nov\u00e9ho roku vyu\u017eijeme k odpo\u010dinku a relaxaci, ani\u017e bychom se starali o cokoli jin\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S mal\u00fdm p\u0159edstihem \u017eeny p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed j\u00eddla, tzv.&nbsp;<acronym title=\"osechiryouri - Novoro\u010dn\u00ed j\u00eddla.\">\u5fa1\u7bc0\u6599\u7406<\/acronym>kter\u00e9 se spot\u0159ebuj\u00ed ve dnech odpo\u010dinku. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tato j\u00eddla se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z n\u011bkolika r\u016fzn\u00fdch pokrm\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou ulo\u017eeny v \"krabi\u010dk\u00e1ch\" zvan\u00fdch.&nbsp;<acronym title=\"juubako - \u00dakryt nebo z\u00e1sob\u00e1rna potravin.\">\u91cd\u7bb1<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed d\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159ednost v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed prakti\u010dnosti, si \u010dasto kupuj\u00ed hotov\u00e1 j\u00eddla v obchodech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">108 zvon\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159ed japonsk\u00fdm nov\u00fdm rokem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"189\" height=\"189\" src=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/joya-no-kane-108-badaladas.jpg\" alt=\"joya no kane 108 bells - \u9664\u591c\u306e\u9418\" class=\"wp-image-2852\" srcset=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/joya-no-kane-108-badaladas.jpg 189w, https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/joya-no-kane-108-badaladas-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/joya-no-kane-108-badaladas-65x65.jpg 65w, https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/joya-no-kane-108-badaladas-125x125.jpg 125w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 189px) 100vw, 189px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V noci na 31. prosince se mnoho Japonc\u016f sch\u00e1z\u00ed v buddhistick\u00fdch chr\u00e1mech, aby naslouchali 108 zvon\u016fm kinos. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Podle buddhismu m\u00e1 tento ritu\u00e1l lidem p\u0159ipomenout 108 h\u0159\u00edch\u016f, kter\u00e9 v \u010dlov\u011bku existuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako&nbsp;<acronym title=\"joya no kane\">\u9664\u591c\u306e\u9418<\/acronym>&nbsp;a slou\u017e\u00ed tak\u00e9 jako p\u0159iv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed japonsk\u00e9ho nov\u00e9ho roku, kter\u00fd se st\u00e1le v\u00edce bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokud v\u00edm, jsou to jen hlavn\u00ed ud\u00e1losti a ritu\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 se konaj\u00ed p\u0159ed japonsk\u00fdm nov\u00fdm rokem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mysl\u00edte, \u017ee je to p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho? V p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku se dozv\u00edte mnohem v\u00edc. <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/oshougatsu-new-year-in-japanese\/\">o nov\u00e9m roce<\/a> Japon\u0161tina.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Japonsk\u00fd nov\u00fd rok nen\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b oslavou, ale obdob\u00edm oslav a tradic, kter\u00e9 se zcela li\u0161\u00ed od z\u00e1padn\u00edho sv\u011bta. N\u011bkdy bych si p\u0159\u00e1l, aby to v Japonsku vypadalo stejn\u011b. Od t\u0159\u00ed<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":2839,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[94],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2845","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cultura-japonesa","resize-featured-image"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2845","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2845"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2845\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2839"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2845"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2845"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2845"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}