{"id":2132,"date":"2009-11-04T06:32:27","date_gmt":"2009-11-04T08:32:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2132"},"modified":"2026-08-15T17:29:12","modified_gmt":"2026-08-15T20:29:12","slug":"potential-form-of-japanese-verbs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/forma-potencial-dos-verbos-japoneses\/","title":{"rendered":"Potential form of Japanese verbs: practical guide"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>THE <strong>potential form in Japanese<\/strong> indicates that someone can perform an action or that an action is possible under current conditions. For example, <span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u305b\u307e\u3059<\/span> means \u201cI can speak,\u201d while <span lang=\"ja\">\u4f7f\u3048\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span> can mean \u201cit is not possible to use.\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<p>This form is not, by itself, formal or informal. Politeness depends on the ending: <span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u305b\u308b<\/span> belongs to the plain style and <span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u305b\u307e\u3059<\/span> to the polite style. The construction <span lang=\"ja\">verb + \u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span> expresses similar meanings and can also appear in both registers.<\/p>\n\n<h2>What does the potential form express?<\/h2>\n\n<p>The potential form, called <span lang=\"ja\">\u53ef\u80fd\u5f62<\/span> (<em>kan\u014dkei<\/em>), presents an action as possible. The context shows whether the sentence talks about a person's ability, an opportunity, or an external condition.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u79c1\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u304c\u8a71\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u308f\u305f\u3057\u306f \u306b\u307b\u3093\u3054\u304c \u306f\u306a\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Watashi wa nihongo ga hanasemasu.<\/em><br \/>I can speak Japanese.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\u3067\u306f\u5199\u771f\u304c\u64ae\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e \u3073\u3058\u3085\u3064\u304b\u3093\u3067\u306f \u3057\u3083\u3057\u3093\u304c \u3068\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kono bijutsukan de wa shashin ga toremasen.<\/em><br \/>It is not possible to take photos in this museum.<\/p>\n\n<p>The first sentence describes an ability. The second presents an impossibility caused by the rules or conditions of the place. In Portuguese, the two ideas are often translated with \u201cpoder\u201d or \u201cconseguir.\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Are the potential form and \u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b equivalent?<\/h2>\n\n<p>The two constructions can express ability and possibility. There is no rule according to which <span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span> is necessarily informal and the potential form is formal. Compare:<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Structure<\/th><th>Plain style<\/th><th>Polite style<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Potential form<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u304c\u8a71\u305b\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u304c\u8a71\u305b\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u8a71\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u8a71\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>The potential form tends to be more compact. <span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span> makes the action explicit as a unit \u2014 literally, \u201cit is possible to do the act of\u2026\u201d. Therefore, it appears frequently in explanations about services, rules, resources, and available activities. The choice depends on the sentence and context, not on a fixed formality opposition.<\/p>\n\n<h2>How to form verbs in the potential form<\/h2>\n\n<p>First, identify whether the verb is godan, ichidan, or irregular. If this division is not yet clear, review the <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/japanese-verb-groups\/\">Verb groups in Japanese<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Godan verbs: change from the U column to the E column and add \u308b<\/h3>\n\n<p>In godan verbs, the last mora changes to the corresponding one in the E column and receives <span lang=\"ja\">\u308b<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Ending<\/th><th>Change<\/th><th>Example<\/th><th>Potential form<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3046<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3048\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8cb7\u3046<\/span> (<em>kau<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8cb7\u3048\u308b<\/span> (<em>kaeru<\/em>)<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u304f<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3051\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u66f8\u304f<\/span> (<em>kaku<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u66f8\u3051\u308b<\/span> (<em>kakeru<\/em>)<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3050<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3052\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6cf3\u3050<\/span> (<em>oyogu<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6cf3\u3052\u308b<\/span> (<em>oyogeru<\/em>)<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u305b\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u3059<\/span> (<em>hanasu<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u305b\u308b<\/span> (<em>hanaseru<\/em>)<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3064<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5f85\u3064<\/span> (<em>matsu<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5f85\u3066\u308b<\/span> (<em>materu<\/em>)<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u306c<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u306d\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6b7b\u306c<\/span> (<em>shinu<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6b7b\u306d\u308b<\/span> (<em>shineru<\/em>)<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3076<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3079\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u904a\u3076<\/span> (<em>asobu<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u904a\u3079\u308b<\/span> (<em>asoberu<\/em>)<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3080<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3081\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8aad\u3080<\/span> (<em>yomu<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8aad\u3081\u308b<\/span> (<em>yomeru<\/em>)<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u308c\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5e30\u308b<\/span> (<em>kaeru<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5e30\u308c\u308b<\/span> (<em>kaereru<\/em>)<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>The verb <span lang=\"ja\">\u5e30\u308b<\/span> ends in <span lang=\"ja\">\u308b<\/span>, but it's godan. Therefore, the form <span lang=\"ja\">\u5e30\u308c\u308b<\/span>, and not <span lang=\"ja\">\u5e30\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span>. The visual ending alone is not enough to determine the group.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Ichidan verbs: remove \u308b and add \u3089\u308c\u308b<\/h3>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u308b \u2192 \u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span> (<em>taberu \u2192 taberareru<\/em>) \u2014 to be able to eat;<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u898b\u308b \u2192 \u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span> (<em>miru \u2192 mirareru<\/em>) \u2014 to be able to see;<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u8d77\u304d\u308b \u2192 \u8d77\u304d\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span> (<em>okiru \u2192 okirareru<\/em>) \u2014 to be able to wake up or get up.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>Irregular verbs<\/h3>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u308b \u2192 \u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span> (<em>suru \u2192 dekiru<\/em>) \u2014 to be able to do;<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u308b \u2192 \u6765\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span> (<em>kuru \u2192 korareru<\/em>) \u2014 to be able to come.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Compounds in <span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u308b<\/span> follow the same pattern: <span lang=\"ja\">\u4e88\u7d04\u3059\u308b<\/span> will come <span lang=\"ja\">\u4e88\u7d04\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span> and <span lang=\"ja\">\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b<\/span> will come <span lang=\"ja\">\u52c9\u5f37\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<!--Ads6-->\n\n<h2>How to conjugate a potential verb<\/h2>\n\n<p>Once formed, most potential forms behave like an ichidan verb. Thus, it is possible to create negative, past, and polite forms with a regular pattern. The pages about <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/japanese-informal-verbs-mode\/\">plain form of verbs<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/masu-form-of-japanese-verbs\/\">\u307e\u3059 form<\/a> help you review these endings.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Function<\/th><th><span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u305b\u308b<\/span><\/th><th><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span><\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Non-past affirmative<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u305b\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Non-past negative<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u305b\u306a\u3044<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Affirmative past<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u305b\u305f<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u305f<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>negative past<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u305b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Polite affirmative<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u305b\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Polite negative<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u305b\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<h2>Personal ability and situational possibility<\/h2>\n\n<h3>Ability or skill<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u59b9\u306f\u767e\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u6cf3\u3052\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u3044\u3082\u3046\u3068\u306f \u3072\u3083\u304f\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb \u304a\u3088\u3052\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Im\u014dto wa hyaku m\u0113toru oyogemasu.<\/em><br \/>Minha irm\u00e3 consegue nadar cem metros.<\/p>\n\n<p>A frase descreve uma habilidade da pessoa. O mesmo racioc\u00ednio aparece em <span lang=\"ja\">\u6f22\u5b57\u304c\u8aad\u3081\u308b<\/span> (\u201cconseguir ler kanji\u201d) e <span lang=\"ja\">\u8eca\u3092\u904b\u8ee2\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span> (\u201csaber\/conseguir dirigir\u201d).<\/p>\n\n<h3>Condi\u00e7\u00e3o, oportunidade ou permiss\u00e3o pr\u00e1tica<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u56f3\u66f8\u9928\u3067\u306f\u7121\u6599\u3067Wi-Fi\u304c\u4f7f\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e \u3068\u3057\u3087\u304b\u3093\u3067\u306f \u3080\u308a\u3087\u3046\u3067 \u30ef\u30a4\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u304c \u3064\u304b\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kono toshokan de wa mury\u014d de waifai ga tsukaemasu.<\/em><br \/>Nesta biblioteca, \u00e9 poss\u00edvel usar Wi-Fi gratuitamente.<\/p>\n\n<p>A pessoa pode ou n\u00e3o ter uma habilidade especial; o ponto principal \u00e9 que o local oferece essa possibilidade. \u00c9 por isso que placas, guias e descri\u00e7\u00f5es de servi\u00e7os usam tanto a forma potencial quanto <span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Devo usar a part\u00edcula \u304c ou \u3092?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Na transforma\u00e7\u00e3o ensinada a iniciantes, o objeto marcado por <span lang=\"ja\">\u3092<\/span> costuma aparecer com <span lang=\"ja\">\u304c<\/span> diante da forma potencial:<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u8a71\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Falo japon\u00eas.<br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u304c\u8a71\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Consigo falar japon\u00eas.<\/p>\n\n<p>Esse \u00e9 um padr\u00e3o neutro e seguro. Por\u00e9m, frases com <span lang=\"ja\">\u3092<\/span> tamb\u00e9m ocorrem na fala e na escrita contempor\u00e2neas, especialmente quando o falante mant\u00e9m a a\u00e7\u00e3o e seu objeto em foco. Portanto, <span lang=\"ja\">\u79c1\u306f\u30d1\u30f3\u3092\u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span> n\u00e3o deve ser descartada automaticamente como errada.<\/p>\n\n<p>Para come\u00e7ar, use <span lang=\"ja\">\u304c<\/span> em afirma\u00e7\u00f5es neutras de capacidade e aprenda a reconhecer <span lang=\"ja\">\u3092<\/span> em usos reais. O guia de <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/basic-particle-in-japanese\/\">basic particles in japanese<\/a> ajuda a revisar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o geral dessas marcas na frase.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Como distinguir potencial e voz passiva<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nos verbos ichidan e em <span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u308b<\/span>, a forma em <span lang=\"ja\">\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span> tamb\u00e9m pode ter valor passivo. O contexto e as part\u00edculas mostram a interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u79c1\u306f\u9b5a\u304c\u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><em>Watashi wa sakana ga taberaremasu.<\/em><br \/>Eu consigo comer peixe. <strong>(potencial)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u9b5a\u306f\u732b\u306b\u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><em>Sakana wa neko ni taberaremashita.<\/em><br \/>O peixe foi comido pelo gato. <strong>(passiva)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>In the first sentence, <span lang=\"ja\">\u79c1<\/span> \u00e9 quem tem a capacidade. Na segunda, <span lang=\"ja\">\u9b5a<\/span> recebe a a\u00e7\u00e3o e <span lang=\"ja\">\u732b\u306b<\/span> indica o agente. Traduzir a termina\u00e7\u00e3o isoladamente n\u00e3o basta.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u898b\u308c\u308b e \u98df\u3079\u308c\u308b: o que \u00e9 \u3089\u629c\u304d?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Na fala, voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m ouvir\u00e1 <span lang=\"ja\">\u898b\u308c\u308b<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u308c\u308b<\/span> and <span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u308c\u308b<\/span>, formas em que o <span lang=\"ja\">\u3089<\/span> in <span lang=\"ja\">\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span> and <span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span> foi omitido. Esse fen\u00f4meno \u00e9 chamado <span lang=\"ja\">\u3089\u629c\u304d\u8a00\u8449<\/span> (<em>ranuki kotoba<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n<p>O uso \u00e9 real e difundido, sobretudo na l\u00edngua falada, mas a aceita\u00e7\u00e3o varia conforme regi\u00e3o, gera\u00e7\u00e3o e grau de formalidade. Para construir uma base est\u00e1vel e escrever em situa\u00e7\u00f5es mais cuidadosas, prefira primeiro as formas completas <span lang=\"ja\">\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span> and <span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span>. Ao ouvir as vers\u00f5es sem <span lang=\"ja\">\u3089<\/span>, reconhe\u00e7a-as como varia\u00e7\u00f5es de uso, n\u00e3o como um novo grupo verbal.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Forma potencial, forma \u305f\u3044 e \u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046<\/h2>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Form<\/th><th>Pergunta principal<\/th><th>Example<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Potencial<\/td><td>\u00c9 poss\u00edvel? A pessoa consegue?<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u304c\u8a71\u305b\u308b<\/span> \u2014 Consigo falar japon\u00eas.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span><\/td><td>A pessoa quer fazer?<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u8a71\u3057\u305f\u3044<\/span> \u2014 Quero falar japon\u00eas.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046<\/span><\/td><td>Vamos fazer juntos?<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u8a71\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046<\/span> \u2014 Vamos falar japon\u00eas.<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>Capacidade, desejo e proposta s\u00e3o inten\u00e7\u00f5es diferentes. Para aprofundar o contraste, consulte a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/verbs-in-japanese-in-tai-form\/\">forma \u305f\u3044 dos verbos<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/mashou-form-of-verbs-in-japanese\/\">\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046 form<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Erros comuns com a forma potencial<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Tratar potencial como sin\u00f4nimo de formalidade:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u305b\u308b<\/span> \u00e9 simples; <span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u305b\u307e\u3059<\/span> \u00e9 polido.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dizer que \u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b \u00e9 sempre informal:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059<\/span> \u00e9 uma constru\u00e7\u00e3o polida e perfeitamente normal.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Classificar todo verbo em \u3044\u308b ou \u3048\u308b como ichidan:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u5e30\u308b<\/span> \u00e9 godan e vira <span lang=\"ja\">\u5e30\u308c\u308b<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conjugar \u3059\u308b regularmente:<\/strong> a forma potencial \u00e9 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Proibir \u3092 em qualquer frase potencial:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u304c<\/span> \u00e9 o padr\u00e3o did\u00e1tico neutro, mas <span lang=\"ja\">\u3092<\/span> tamb\u00e9m aparece no uso real.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ignorar a ambiguidade de \u3089\u308c\u308b:<\/strong> em verbos ichidan, o contexto separa potencial e passiva.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>Mini di\u00e1logo com capacidade e possibilidade<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u304c\u8a71\u305b\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Nihongo ga hanasemasu ka.<\/em><br \/>Voc\u00ea consegue falar japon\u00eas?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>B:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u5c11\u3057\u8a71\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3082\u3001\u6f22\u5b57\u306f\u3042\u307e\u308a\u8aad\u3081\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Sukoshi hanasemasu. Demo, kanji wa amari yomemasen.<\/em><br \/>Consigo falar um pouco. Mas n\u00e3o consigo ler muitos kanjis.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u3067\u6f22\u5b57\u3092\u8abf\u3079\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3088\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kono apuri de kanji o shiraberu koto ga dekimasu yo.<\/em><br \/>\u00c9 poss\u00edvel consultar kanjis com este aplicativo.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>B:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306a\u3089\u8aad\u3081\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>S\u014d desu ka. Kore nara yomes\u014d desu.<\/em><br \/>Entendi. Assim, parece que vou conseguir ler.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Exerc\u00edcios de forma potencial<\/h2>\n\n<p>Converta cada verbo para a forma potencial simples. Depois, complete as frases.<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u66f8\u304f<\/span> \u2192 ______<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u308b<\/span> \u2192 ______<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u308b<\/span> \u2192 ______<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u308b<\/span> \u2192 ______<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u3059<\/span>: <span lang=\"ja\">\u79c1\u306f\u5c11\u3057\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u304c ______\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u898b\u308b<\/span>: <span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u304b\u3089\u6d77\u304c ______\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details>\n<summary><strong>Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<ol>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u66f8\u3051\u308b<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u8a71\u305b\u308b<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n\n<h2>Summary and next steps<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nos verbos godan, mude a mora final da coluna U para a coluna E e acrescente <span lang=\"ja\">\u308b<\/span>. Nos ichidan, retire <span lang=\"ja\">\u308b<\/span> e use <span lang=\"ja\">\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span>. Memorize tamb\u00e9m <span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u308b \u2192 \u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span> and <span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u308b \u2192 \u6765\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Depois da forma\u00e7\u00e3o, observe tr\u00eas pontos: o contexto separa habilidade de possibilidade; a termina\u00e7\u00e3o simples ou polida define o registro; e as part\u00edculas ajudam a interpretar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o dos participantes. Para conectar este tema ao restante do idioma, consulte os <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/fundamental-japanese-grammar\/\">Basics of Japanese Grammar<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Perguntas frequentes sobre a forma potencial<\/h2>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-7cde76a66b534\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">What is the potential form used for in Japanese?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>The potential form expresses that someone is able to perform an action or that the action is possible in a given situation. The context distinguishes ability, opportunity, and external condition.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-491c126caf4ec\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">How to transform a verb into the potential form?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>In godan verbs, change the ending from the U column to the E column and add \u308b. In ichidan, remove \u308b and use \u3089\u308c\u308b. The main irregulars are \u3059\u308b \u2192 \u3067\u304d\u308b and \u6765\u308b \u2192 \u6765\u3089\u308c\u308b.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-83d3db996eabf\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">What is the difference between the potential form and \u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>The two constructions can express ability and possibility. The potential form is more compact; \u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b makes the action explicit as a unit. Both can be plain or polite.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-186353a7f04f6\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Should I use \u304c or \u3092 with the potential form?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u304c is the neutral standard normally taught, as in \u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u304c\u8a71\u305b\u307e\u3059. However, \u3092 also appears in contemporary speech and writing and should not be automatically considered incorrect.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-d3ea5ae5e4b7a\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Are \u898b\u308c\u308b and \u98df\u3079\u308c\u308b correct?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>These forms without \u3089 are common in speech and represent the variation called \u3089\u629c\u304d. For a safe foundation and for more careful situations, prefer \u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b, \u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u308b, and \u6765\u3089\u308c\u308b first.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>Fontes oficiais consultadas<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/elementary02\/pdf\/Z_L05.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodori, li\u00e7\u00e3o 5 do n\u00edvel Elementary 2 \u2014 forma\u00e7\u00e3o e usos da forma potencial<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/elementary01\/pdf\/Y_L05.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodori, li\u00e7\u00e3o 5 do n\u00edvel Elementary 1 \u2014 constru\u00e7\u00e3o verbo + \u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/kotoba.ninjal.ac.jp\/qa\/yokuaru\/qa-51\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NINJAL \u2014 varia\u00e7\u00e3o entre \u304c e \u3092 com verbos potenciais<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bunka.go.jp\/kokugo_nihongo\/sisaku\/joho\/joho\/kakuki\/20\/tosin03\/09.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ag\u00eancia de Assuntos Culturais do Jap\u00e3o \u2014 hist\u00f3rico e varia\u00e7\u00e3o de \u3089\u629c\u304d\u8a00\u8449<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/a2-2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/detail\/topic8-sec16-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marugoto \u2014 exemplos de forma potencial afirmativa e negativa<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learn how to form and use verbs in the potential form, distinguish ability and possibility, compare \u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b, and understand the particles \u304c and \u3092.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":2134,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,73],"tags":[69,2,3],"class_list":["post-2132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-verbos-em-japones","tag-curso-japones-gratis","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2132","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2132"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2132\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4430,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2132\/revisions\/4430"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2134"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}