{"id":2364,"date":"2009-11-27T06:46:12","date_gmt":"2009-11-27T08:46:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2364"},"modified":"2018-07-01T13:52:17","modified_gmt":"2018-07-01T16:52:17","slug":"particle-ga-and-its-functions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/particula-ga-e-suas-funcoes\/","title":{"rendered":"The GA particle and its functions"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"604ea9ec9f03ce20cb5fee53cf49f850\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Ads responsivo Inicio Post CAJap -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3298668993\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Let&#039;s learn more today about\u00a0<strong>the GA particle and its functions<\/strong>!<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2367\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/11\/a-particula-ga-e-suas-funcoes.gif?resize=130%2C130&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"the GA particle and its functions\" width=\"130\" height=\"130\" \/>When we start our Japanese language studies, we often fall into the addiction of associating a single function to each particle of Japanese grammar.<\/p>\n<h2>The GA particle and its functions<\/h2>\n<p>In my case, I spent a lot of time believing that the GA particle had the sole function of indicating the subject&#039;s position in Japanese sentences. After some time of study, I realized that I was sadly mistaken\u2026<\/p>\n<p>In the previous article about the <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/when-to-use-the-particle-ga\/\">GA particle<\/a>, I wrote about some usage tips for this particle. So, in today&#039;s article, we&#039;re going to look at some of the main functions of the GA particle.<\/p>\n<h2>Using the GA particle between two sentences<\/h2>\n<p>In many cases, the GA particle can assume the function of conjunction, performing an opposition (or contradiction) between two sentences in Japanese. In these cases, the GA particle can be translated as but, yet, however, yet, or yet.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Sakura no hana wa kirei da ga, kaori ga nai.\">\u685c\u306e\u82b1\u306f\u304d\u308c\u3044\u3060\u304c\u3001\u9999\u308a\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>Cherry blossoms are beautiful, but they don&#039;t smell.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kono eiga wa omoshiroi ga, nagasugimasu ne.\">\u3053\u306e\u6620\u753b\u306f\u9762\u767d\u3044\u304c\u3001\u9577\u3059\u304e\u307e\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>This movie is cool, but it&#039;s too long. It is not?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>In other cases, the\u00a0<a title=\"When to use the GA particle\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/when-to-use-the-particle-ga\/\">GA particle<\/a>\u00a0in the middle of sentences in Japanese can only serve as a form of connection between them. Thus, assuming the same function as ours and in Portuguese.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kinou fuji-san o hajimete mimashita ga, kirei deshita.\">\u6628\u65e5\u5bcc\u58eb\u5c71\u3092\u59cb\u3081\u3066\u898b\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u304d\u308c\u3044\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>I saw Mount Fuji for the first time yesterday and it was very beautiful.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Yamada-san wa akai kuruma o kaimashita ga, anata mo kaimashita ne.\">\u5c71\u7530\u3055\u3093\u306f\u8d64\u3044\u8eca\u3092\u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3082\u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Yamada-san wa akai kuruma o kaimashita ga, anata mo kaimashita ne.\"><\/acronym><em>Mr Yamada bought a red car\u2026 and so did you. It was not.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Note that the difference between the two cases above is that in the first, the second sentence has an opposite meaning to the first sentence. And in the second case, the second sentence just complements the first sentence.<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Adding important information<\/h2>\n<p>At the start of some conversations, the GA particle can be used to introduce important information or just draw attention to start the conversation.<\/p>\n<p>Phrases like these are used to remember something, or give information that is very important for understanding the context of the conversation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Watashi, Tanaka-san to moushimasu ga, Yamada-san wa irasshaimasu ka?\">\u79c1\u3001\u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u3068\u7533\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5c71\u7530\u3055\u3093\u306f\u3044\u3089\u3063\u3057\u3083\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>My name is Tanaka. Is Mr Yamada at home?<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Shitsurei desu ga... anata wa honda-san desu ka?\">\u5931\u793c\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u672c\u7530\u3055\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Excuse me, but\u2026 Are you Mr. Honda?<\/p>\n<h2>The GA particle and incomplete sentences<\/h2>\n<p>Despite being a similar concept to the previous item, the difference between incomplete sentences and above sentences is that incomplete sentences express an implicit idea; that was not described in the sentence. Furthermore, this \u201cimplicit idea\u201d usually expresses an opinion contrary to the sentence that was said.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Watashi wa fuji-san o mi ni ikimashita ga...\">\u79c1\u306f\u5bcc\u58eb\u5c71\u3092\u898b\u306b\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3002\u3002\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>I went to see Mt. Fuji, but\u2026 (I didn&#039;t see anything).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kare wa takai ie ni sunde imashita ga...\">\u5f7c\u306f\u9ad8\u3044\u5bb6\u306b\u4f4f\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3002\u3002\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em><acronym title=\"Kare wa takai ie ni sunde imashita ga...\"><\/acronym>He used to live in a big house, but\u2026 (now he lives in a small house)<\/em><\/p>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Let&#039;s learn today more about the GA particle and its functions! When we start our Japanese language studies, we often fall into the addiction of associating a single function to each particle of Japanese grammar. The GA particle<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":2361,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[70,74],"tags":[71,3,15],"class_list":["post-2364","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-particulas-em-japones","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-nihongo","tag-particulas-basicas"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2359,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":0},"title":"When to use the GA particle","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"24 de November de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Decidir quando usar a part\u00edcula GA ou qualquer outra part\u00edcula n\u00e3o \u00e9 quest\u00e3o de seguir uma regra. A resposta para esta quest\u00e3o depende de muitos fatores usados na constru\u00e7\u00e3o das frases e das outras part\u00edculas que usamos dentro de uma mesma senten\u00e7a. Em alguns casos, isso parece ser mais quest\u00e3o\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Part\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Part\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/particulas-em-japones\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Quando usar a part\u00edcula GA","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1661,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/sujeito-das-frases-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":1},"title":"The subject of Japanese sentences","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de November de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda mais sobre\u00a0o sujeito das frases em japon\u00eas no nihongo! Como j\u00e1 estudamos\u00a0a ordem das palavras nas frases em japon\u00eas, sabemos que elas possuem uma organiza\u00e7\u00e3o inversa das palavras na l\u00edngua portuguesa. Nas frases em japon\u00eas, geralmente a ordem das palavras \u00e9\u00a0sujeito\u00a0+\u00a0objeto\u00a0(predicado ou resto da frase) +\u00a0verbo. Para ficar mais\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"O sujeito das frases em japon\u00eas - part\u00edcula WA ","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/ha-150x150.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2343,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/particula-de-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":2},"title":"the Japanese particle DE","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"29 de November de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Vamos agora aprender mais sobre a\u00a0part\u00edcula japonesa DE e seu uso! Como vinha sentindo muita falta de artigos sobre part\u00edculas na L\u00edngua Japonesa, escrevi tr\u00eas artigos sobre esse assunto. O primeiro foi sobre a part\u00edcula\u00a0wa\u00a0e os dois mais recentes foram sobre a part\u00edcula\u00a0ga. Caso esteja interessando em conhecer estes artigos,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/gramatica-japonesa\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A part\u00edcula japonesa DE","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/particula-de-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/particula-de-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/particula-de-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2820,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/particula-mo-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":3},"title":"The MO particle in Japanese","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"6 de January de 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Em japon\u00eas, a fun\u00e7\u00e3o mais comum da part\u00edcula\u00a0mo\u00a0\u00e9 indicar uma esp\u00e9cie de similaridade entre palavras da mesma senten\u00e7a. Segundo a\u00a0gram\u00e1tica japonesa, a part\u00edcula\u00a0mo\u00a0pode substituir outras part\u00edculas em frases paralelas, colocando duas palavras em p\u00e9 de igualdade ou assumindo o mesmo significado de palavras como\u00a0tamb\u00e9m,\u00a0bem como,\u00a0t\u00e3o...quanto\u00a0e outras com o mesmo significado.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/gramatica-japonesa\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A part\u00edcula mo - \u3082","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2436,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/particula-ni-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":4},"title":"the NI particle in Japanese","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"13 de January de 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Conhe\u00e7a mais sobre\u00a0a part\u00edcula NI em japon\u00eas em seus principais usos no NIHONGO! 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E quando a elemento que acompanha a part\u00edcula\u00a0kara\u00a0for um adjetivo ou verbo auxiliar, geralmente ela indica a raz\u00e3o ou causa de uma\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/gramatica-japonesa\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A part\u00edcula japonesa KARA","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/A-particula-japonesa-KARA.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/A-particula-japonesa-KARA.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/A-particula-japonesa-KARA.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2364","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2364"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2364\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2361"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}