{"id":2140,"date":"2009-11-04T06:36:29","date_gmt":"2009-11-04T08:36:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2140"},"modified":"2026-08-15T23:36:43","modified_gmt":"2026-08-16T02:36:43","slug":"miten-sallitaan-ja-kielletaan-japaniksi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/como-permitir-e-proibir-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Miten pyyt\u00e4\u00e4 lupaa ja kielt\u00e4\u00e4 japaniksi: \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044 ja \u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Luvan pyyt\u00e4miseksi japaniksi k\u00e4yt\u00e4 verbi\u00e4 \u3066-muodossa, jota seuraa <strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span><\/strong>: <span lang=\"ja\">\u5ea7\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span> tarkoittaa \u201cSaanko istua?\u201d. Jos haluat sanoa, ett\u00e4 toiminta ei ole sallittua, peruskaava on <strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/strong> tai <strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/strong>. T\u00e4rkein ero on siin\u00e4, kysyt\u00e4\u00e4nk\u00f6, onko jokin sallittua, vai asetetaanko kielto.<\/p>\n\n<p>N\u00e4m\u00e4 rakenteet riippuvat <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/japanilaisten-verbien-te-muoto\/\">japanilaisten verbien \u3066-muodosta<\/a>. Kun osaat muodostaa <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3066<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u8aad\u3093\u3067<\/span> e <span lang=\"ja\">\u3057\u3066<\/span>, voit soveltaa t\u00e4m\u00e4n oppaan kaavoja moneen verbiin.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Lupa ja kielto japaniksi: nopea yhteenveto<\/h2>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Teht\u00e4v\u00e4<\/th><th>Rakenne<\/th><th>Esimerkki<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Luvan pyyt\u00e4minen<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066 + \u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5165\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Luvan antaminen<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066 + \u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5165\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Kohtelias kielt\u00e4minen<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066 + \u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5165\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Sanominen, ett\u00e4 ei voi<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066 + \u306f\u3060\u3081\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5165\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Ep\u00e4muodollinen kielto<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3061\u3083\uff0fV\u3058\u3083 + \u3060\u3081<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u00c4l\u00e4 mene sis\u00e4\u00e4n<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>Taulukossa, <strong>V\u3066<\/strong> tarkoittaa verbi\u00e4 \u3066-muodossa. Partikkeli <span lang=\"ja\">\u306f<\/span>, joka kirjoitetaan hiraganalla <span lang=\"ja\">\u306f<\/span> ja lausutaan <em>wa<\/em> t\u00e4ss\u00e4 teht\u00e4v\u00e4ss\u00e4, osallistuu kieltorakenteisiin. Jos t\u00e4m\u00e4 ero viel\u00e4 aiheuttaa ep\u00e4selvyytt\u00e4, katso opasta <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/basic-particles-japaniksi\/\">japanin peruspartikkeleista<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Miten kysy\u00e4 lupaa \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/h2>\n\n<p>Hy\u00f6dyllisin kaava aloittelijoille on:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">verbi \u3066-muodossa + \u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span> lis\u00e4\u00e4 verbiin ajatuksen \u201conko kaikki hyvin, jos teen?\u201d. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.erin.jpf.go.jp\/materials\/key-phrases\/download\/erin_lesson10_key-phrases_explanation.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Japan Foundationin selitys luvan kysymisest\u00e4<\/a> esittelee juuri t\u00e4m\u00e4n mallin ja n\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 my\u00f6nt\u00e4v\u00e4t ja kielt\u00e4v\u00e4t vastaukset, joita k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n todellisissa tilanteissa.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u306b\u5ea7\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Koko ni suwatte mo ii desu ka?<\/em><br \/>\nVoinko istua t\u00e4h\u00e4n?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u8f9e\u66f8\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Kono jisho o tsukatte mo ii desu ka?<\/em><br \/>\nVoinko k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 t\u00e4t\u00e4 sanakirjaa?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u7a93\u3092\u958b\u3051\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Mado o akete mo ii desu ka?<\/em><br \/>\nVoinko avata ikkunan?<\/p>\n\n<p>Koska lause p\u00e4\u00e4ttyy jo <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span>, ei tarvitse lis\u00e4t\u00e4 toista kysymyspartikkelia. Artikkeli <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/miten-esittaa-kysymyksia-japaniksi\/\">miten kysy\u00e4 kysymyksi\u00e4 japaniksi<\/a> explica o papel de <span lang=\"ja\">\u304b<\/span> em outros tipos de pergunta.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Formas casuais e mais cuidadosas<\/h3>\n\n<p>Entre amigos, \u00e9 comum retirar <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span> e usar somente <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\uff1f<\/span>. Em uma conversa profissional ou ao pedir algo delicado, <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b<\/span> soa mais cuidadoso. O material <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/elementary01\/pdf\/Y_contents_en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodori Elementary 1, da Japan Foundation<\/a>, diferencia <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span> of <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b<\/span> em pedidos de permiss\u00e3o no trabalho.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u308c\u3001\u898b\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\uff1f<\/span> \u2014 Posso ver isto? Forma casual.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u5c11\u3057\u65e9\u304f\u5e30\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Posso ir embora um pouco mais cedo? Forma polida.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u660e\u65e5\u3001\u4f11\u3093\u3067\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Seria poss\u00edvel eu faltar amanh\u00e3? Forma mais cuidadosa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>Como dar ou negar permiss\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n<p>Para autorizar uma a\u00e7\u00e3o, voc\u00ea pode responder com <span lang=\"ja\">\u306f\u3044\u3001\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3088<\/span> (\u201cSim, pode\u201d) ou <span lang=\"ja\">\u3069\u3046\u305e<\/span> (\u201c\u00c0 vontade\u201d). Tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 poss\u00edvel usar a constru\u00e7\u00e3o afirmativa <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u3067\u5199\u771f\u3092\u64ae\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3088\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Koko de shashin o totte mo ii desu yo.<\/em><br \/>\nVoit ottaa kuvia t\u00e4\u00e4ll\u00e4.<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u3082\u304b\u307e\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span> v\u00e4litt\u00e4\u00e4 merkityksen \u201cei haittaa, jos teet\u201d ja voi esiinty\u00e4 muodollisissa yhteyksiss\u00e4:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u5e2d\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3082\u304b\u307e\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Kono seki o tsukatte mo kamaimasen.<\/em><br \/>\nEi haittaa, vaikka k\u00e4ytt\u00e4isit t\u00e4t\u00e4 istuinta.<\/p>\n\n<p>Kielt\u00e4ytyess\u00e4 pyynn\u00f6st\u00e4 t\u00f6ks\u00e4htelem\u00e4tt\u00e4 vastaukset kuten <span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u307f\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3001\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u2026\u2026<\/span> tai lyhyt selitys voivat olla luonnollisempia kuin pelkk\u00e4 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3044\u3044\u3044\u3048<\/span>. S\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6iss\u00e4, varoituksissa ja tilanteissa, jotka vaativat selkeytt\u00e4, suora kielto on kuitenkin asianmukainen.<\/p>\n\n<!--Ads6-->\n\n<h2>N\u00e4in kiellet\u00e4\u00e4n \u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093 ja \u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081\u3067\u3059 -muodoilla<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kielt\u00e4misen perusrakenne on:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">verbi \u3066-muodossa + \u306f + \u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span> ilmaisee, ett\u00e4 toiminta ei ole sallittua. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpf.go.jp\/j\/project\/japanese\/teach\/tsushin\/grammar\/201603.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Japan Foundationin analyysi ohjeista, k\u00e4skyist\u00e4 ja kielloista<\/a> huomauttaa, ett\u00e4 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044<\/span> on selke\u00e4 ja vahva kieltomuoto. Siksi konteksti ja ihmisten v\u00e4linen suhde ovat t\u00e4rkeit\u00e4.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u3067\u305f\u3070\u3053\u3092\u5438\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Koko de tabako o sutte wa ikemasen.<\/em><br \/>\nT\u00e4\u00e4ll\u00e4 ei saa polttaa.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u90e8\u5c4b\u306b\u5165\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>T\u00e4h\u00e4n huoneeseen ei saa menn\u00e4.<\/em><br \/>\nT\u00e4h\u00e4n huoneeseen ei saa menn\u00e4.<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081\u3067\u3059<\/span> tarkoittaa my\u00f6s, ett\u00e4 jotain ei saa tehd\u00e4. <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span> on muodollisempi ja esiintyy etenkin s\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6iss\u00e4, m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4yksiss\u00e4 ja kirjoitetussa kieless\u00e4.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u8a66\u9a13\u4e2d\u306b\u8f9e\u66f8\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Sanakirjaa ei saa k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 kokeen aikana.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u306b\u8eca\u3092\u6b62\u3081\u3066\u306f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Autoa ei saa pys\u00e4k\u00f6id\u00e4 t\u00e4nne.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>Puhekielen supistumat: \u3061\u3083\u3060\u3081 ja \u3058\u3083\u3060\u3081<\/h3>\n\n<p>Puhekieless\u00e4, <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f<\/span> voi supistua muotoon <span lang=\"ja\">\u3061\u3083<\/span>, kun taas <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u306f<\/span> voi muuttua <span lang=\"ja\">ei<\/span>. N\u00e4in, <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081<\/span> muuttuu muotoon <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3061\u3083\u3060\u3081<\/span>, e <span lang=\"ja\">\u98f2\u3093\u3067\u306f\u3060\u3081<\/span> muuttuu muotoon <span lang=\"ja\">\u98f2\u3093\u3058\u3083\u3060\u3081<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">T\u00e4\u00e4ll\u00e4 ei saa sy\u00f6d\u00e4.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Koko de tabecha dame.<\/em><br \/>\nT\u00e4\u00e4ll\u00e4 ei saa sy\u00f6d\u00e4.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">T\u00e4t\u00e4 vett\u00e4 ei saa juoda.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Kono mizu o nonja dame.<\/em><br \/>\n\u00c4l\u00e4 juo t\u00e4t\u00e4 vett\u00e4.<\/p>\n\n<p>N\u00e4m\u00e4 supistumat ovat luonnollisia keskusteluissa, mutta voivat kuulostaa voimakkailta. Tuntemattomien kanssa tai asiakaspalvelussa suosi kohteliasta muotoa tai selit\u00e4 syy.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Lupa ei ole sama asia kuin kyky<\/h2>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044<\/span> koskee <strong>lupaa<\/strong>; <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span> tai potentiaalimuoto koskevat p\u00e4\u00e4asiassa <strong>kyky\u00e4 tai mahdollisuutta<\/strong>. Vertaa:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u3067\u6cf3\u3044\u3067\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span> \u2014 T\u00e4\u00e4ll\u00e4 saa uida.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u3067\u6cf3\u3050\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span> \u2014 T\u00e4\u00e4ll\u00e4 on mahdollista uida.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Portugaliksi molemmat lauseet voivat sis\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4 sanan \u201cpoder\u201d, mutta niiden taustalla oleva kysymys on erilainen: \u201conko minulla lupa?\u201d vai \u201conko t\u00e4m\u00e4 mahdollista?\u201d. Katso t\u00e4ydellinen selitys <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/koto-ga-dekiru-power-and-no-power-in-japanese\/\">koto ga dekiru kyvyst\u00e4 ja mahdollisuudesta<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Kolme eroa, jotka auttavat v\u00e4ltt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n virheit\u00e4<\/h2>\n\n<h3>\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093 versus \u306a\u3044\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044<\/h3>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span> vahvistaa, ett\u00e4 toiminta on kielletty\u00e4. <span lang=\"ja\">V\u306a\u3044\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044<\/span> pyyt\u00e4\u00e4, ett\u00e4 henkil\u00f6 ei tee jotain. Toinen muoto on kielteinen pyynt\u00f6 ja voi olla sopivampi, kun puhut suoraan jollekin. Opas <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/japanin-imperatiivilauseet\/\">japanin kielen imperatiivilauseista ja pyynn\u00f6ist\u00e4<\/a> n\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 muita vaihtoehtoja ja niiden voimakkuustasoja.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u3067\u5199\u771f\u3092\u64ae\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span> \u2014 T\u00e4\u00e4ll\u00e4 ei saa ottaa valokuvia.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u3067\u5199\u771f\u3092\u64ae\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Por favor, n\u00e3o tire fotos aqui.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093 versus \u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/h3>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">V\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span> n\u00e3o significa \u201cn\u00e3o pode\u201d. Significa que <strong>n\u00e3o \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio<\/strong> fazer a a\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u6765\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Voc\u00ea n\u00e3o precisa vir hoje.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u6765\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Voc\u00ea n\u00e3o pode vir hoje.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>N\u00e3o elimine \u3082 em qualquer contexto<\/h3>\n\n<p>Na fala, voc\u00ea pode ouvir <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3044\u3044\uff1f<\/span> sen sijaan, ett\u00e4 <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\uff1f<\/span>. Para quem est\u00e1 come\u00e7ando, manter <span lang=\"ja\">\u3082<\/span> ajuda a reconhecer a estrutura e evita estender a omiss\u00e3o a contextos em que ela n\u00e3o soa natural.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Mini di\u00e1logo: pedindo permiss\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u307f\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u5199\u771f\u3092\u64ae\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<em>Sumimasen, koko de shashin o totte mo ii desu ka?<\/em><br \/>\nCom licen\u00e7a, posso tirar fotos aqui?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>B:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u7533\u3057\u8a33\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u9928\u5185\u3067\u306f\u5199\u771f\u3092\u64ae\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<em>M\u014dshiwake arimasen. Kannai de wa shashin o totte wa ikemasen.<\/em><br \/>\nDesculpe, n\u00e3o \u00e9 permitido tirar fotos dentro do pr\u00e9dio.<\/p>\n\n<p>O di\u00e1logo combina um pedido polido com uma proibi\u00e7\u00e3o clara e uma breve desculpa. Esse padr\u00e3o funciona em lojas, museus, escolas e outros locais com regras pr\u00f3prias.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Exerc\u00edcio r\u00e1pido<\/h2>\n\n<p>Complete as frases com a op\u00e7\u00e3o mais adequada.<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u306b\u5ea7\u3063\u3066\uff08\u3000\u3000\u3000\uff09\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Posso me sentar aqui?<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u90e8\u5c4b\u306b\u5165\u3063\u3066\u306f\uff08\u3000\u3000\u3000\uff09\u3002<\/span> \u2014 N\u00e3o se pode entrar nesta sala.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u660e\u65e5\u306f\u6765\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\uff08\u3000\u3000\u3000\uff09\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Voc\u00ea n\u00e3o precisa vir amanh\u00e3.<\/li>\n<li>Transforme <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081<\/span> em uma forma coloquial contra\u00edda.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p><strong>Vastaukset:<\/strong> 1. <span lang=\"ja\">sekin on hyv\u00e4<\/span>; 2. <span lang=\"ja\">Ei saa<\/span>; 3. <span lang=\"ja\">\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span>; 4. <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3061\u3083\u3060\u3081<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>O que lembrar<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li>K\u00e4yt\u00e4 <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span> para pedir permiss\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<li>K\u00e4yt\u00e4 <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span> tai <span lang=\"ja\">\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3088<\/span> para permitir.<\/li>\n<li>K\u00e4yt\u00e4 <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span> tai <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081\u3067\u3059<\/span> para proibir.<\/li>\n<li>Puhekieless\u00e4, <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f\uff0f\u3067\u306f<\/span> podem virar <span lang=\"ja\">\u3061\u3083\uff0f\u3058\u3083<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e3o confunda \u201cn\u00e3o pode\u201d com <span lang=\"ja\">V\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044<\/span>, que significa \u201cn\u00e3o precisa\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Para revisar como essas estruturas se encaixam em frases completas, volte aos <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/japanin-kieliopin-perusteet\/\">japanin kielen kieliopin perusteet<\/a> e pratique com diferentes verbos na forma \u3066.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-36b6292b51109\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Kuinka pyyt\u00e4\u00e4 lupaa japaniksi?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>K\u00e4yt\u00e4 verbi\u00e4 \u3066-muodossa, jota seuraa \u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b. Esimerkiksi \u3053\u3053\u306b\u5ea7\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b tarkoittaa \u2018Voinko istua t\u00e4h\u00e4n?\u2019.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-fed5ce274559a\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Kuinka sanoa, ett\u00e4 joku voi tehd\u00e4 jotain, koska h\u00e4nell\u00e4 on lupa?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>K\u00e4yt\u00e4 V\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059 tai vastaa \u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3088 ja \u3069\u3046\u305e. \u5199\u771f\u3092\u64ae\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059 tarkoittaa, ett\u00e4 valokuvien ottaminen on sallittua.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-91ae2d6b54d02\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Mit\u00e4 eroa on \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044 ja \u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b v\u00e4lill\u00e4?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044 tarkoittaa lupaa. \u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b ja potentiaalimuoto ilmaisevat p\u00e4\u00e4asiassa kyky\u00e4 tai mahdollisuutta, vaikka konteksti joskus l\u00e4hent\u00e4\u00e4 k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6ksi\u00e4.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-49ee624337a71\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Mit\u00e4 \u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093 tarkoittaa?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Se on kieltorakenne: se ilmaisee, ett\u00e4 tietty toiminta ei ole sallittua. Se muodostetaan verbin \u3066-muodosta, jota seuraa \u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-14b019ec3670d\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Mit\u00e4 tarkoittaa \u3061\u3083\u3060\u3081?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Se on ep\u00e4muodollinen tapa kielt\u00e4\u00e4. \u3061\u3083 on supistuma muodosta \u3066\u306f; siten \u98df\u3079\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081 voi muuttua muotoon \u98df\u3079\u3061\u3083\u3060\u3081.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-7c70240481605\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Tarkoittaako \u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044, ett\u00e4 jotain ei voi tehd\u00e4?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Ei. V\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044 tarkoittaa, ett\u00e4 toimintoa ei ole v\u00e4ltt\u00e4m\u00e4t\u00f6nt\u00e4 tehd\u00e4. V\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044 tarkoittaa, ett\u00e4 toiminto ei ole sallittu.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-9bfe42985f9b6\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Milloin k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>K\u00e4yt\u00e4 t\u00e4t\u00e4 muotoa, kun haluat pyyt\u00e4\u00e4 lupaa varovaisemmin, erityisesti ammatillisissa tilanteissa tai arkaluonteisen pyynn\u00f6n edess\u00e4.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-da3c0874f440c\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Kuinka vastata lupapyynt\u00f6\u00f6n japaniksi?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Salliaksesi k\u00e4yt\u00e4 \u306f\u3044\u3001\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3088 tai \u3069\u3046\u305e. Kielt\u00e4\u00e4ksesi pehme\u00e4sti, lyhyt anteeksipyynt\u00f6 tai selitys kuulostaa yleens\u00e4 luonnollisemmalta kuin pelkk\u00e4 \u3044\u3044\u3048.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Opi pyyt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n ja antamaan lupaa japaniksi, muotoilemaan kieltoja ja erottamaan \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044, \u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093, \u3061\u3083\u3060\u3081 ja \u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":2143,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,73],"tags":[69,2,3],"class_list":["post-2140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-verbos-em-japones","tag-curso-japones-gratis","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2140","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2140"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2140\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4440,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2140\/revisions\/4440"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2143"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2140"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}