{"id":2364,"date":"2009-11-27T06:46:12","date_gmt":"2009-11-27T08:46:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2364"},"modified":"2018-07-01T13:52:17","modified_gmt":"2018-07-01T16:52:17","slug":"ga-hiukkanen-ja-sen-tehtavat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/particula-ga-e-suas-funcoes\/","title":{"rendered":"GA-hiukkanen ja sen toiminnot"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"b9f50a9975cd160d44ef83c5d17bed9a\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Ads responsivo Inicio Post CAJap -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3298668993\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>T\u00e4n\u00e4\u00e4n opimme lis\u00e4\u00e4\u00a0<strong>GA-hiukkanen ja sen toiminnot<\/strong>!<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2367\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/11\/a-particula-ga-e-suas-funcoes.gif?resize=130%2C130&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"GA-hiukkanen ja sen toiminnot\" width=\"130\" height=\"130\" \/>Kun aloitamme japanin kielen opiskelun, meill\u00e4 on usein tapana liitt\u00e4\u00e4 jokaiseen japanin kieliopin partikkeliin yksi funktio.<\/p>\n<h2>GA-hiukkanen ja sen toiminnot<\/h2>\n<p>Omassa tapauksessani uskoin pitk\u00e4\u00e4n, ett\u00e4 GA-partikkelin ainoa teht\u00e4v\u00e4 oli osoittaa subjektin sijaintia japanilaisissa lauseissa. Tutustuttuani asiaan tajusin, ett\u00e4 olin t\u00e4ysin v\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4ss\u00e4...<\/p>\n<p>Edellisess\u00e4 artikkelissa <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/when-to-use-a-particle-ga\/\">GA-hiukkanen<\/a>Edellisess\u00e4 artikkelissani kirjoitin t\u00e4m\u00e4n hiukkasen k\u00e4ytt\u00f6vinkkej\u00e4. T\u00e4m\u00e4n p\u00e4iv\u00e4n artikkelissa tutustumme siis GA-hiukkasen t\u00e4rkeimpiin toimintoihin.<\/p>\n<h2>Partikkelin GA k\u00e4ytt\u00e4minen kahden lauseen v\u00e4liss\u00e4<\/h2>\n<p>Monissa tapauksissa partikkeli GA voi toimia konjunktiona, jolloin kahden japaninkielisen lauseen v\u00e4linen oppositio (tai ristiriita) toteutuu. N\u00e4iss\u00e4 tapauksissa GA-partikkeli voidaan k\u00e4\u00e4nt\u00e4\u00e4 muotoon mutta, kuitenkin, kuitenkin, kuitenkin tai kuitenkin.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Esimerkkej\u00e4:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Sakura no hana wa kirei da ga, kaori ga nai.\">\u685c\u306e\u82b1\u306f\u304d\u308c\u3044\u3060\u304c\u3001\u9999\u308a\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>Kirsikankukat ovat kauniita, mutta ne eiv\u00e4t tuoksu.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kono eiga wa omoshiroi ga, nagasugimasu ne.\">\u3053\u306e\u6620\u753b\u306f\u9762\u767d\u3044\u304c\u3001\u9577\u3059\u304e\u307e\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>T\u00e4m\u00e4 elokuva on mukava, mutta se on liian pitk\u00e4. Eik\u00f6 olekin?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Muissa tapauksissa\u00a0<a title=\"Milloin GA-hiukkasta k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/when-to-use-a-particle-ga\/\">GA-hiukkanen<\/a>\u00a0japaninkielisten lauseiden keskell\u00e4 voi olla vain tapa yhdist\u00e4\u00e4 ne toisiinsa. Sill\u00e4 on siis sama teht\u00e4v\u00e4 kuin e:ll\u00e4 portugalissa.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Esimerkkej\u00e4:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kinou fuji-san o hajimete mimashita ga, kirei deshita.\">\u6628\u65e5\u5bcc\u58eb\u5c71\u3092\u59cb\u3081\u3066\u898b\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u304d\u308c\u3044\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>N\u00e4in Fuji-vuoren eilen ensimm\u00e4ist\u00e4 kertaa, ja se oli todella kaunis.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Yamada-san wa akai kuruma o kaimashita ga, anata mo kaimashita ne.\">\u5c71\u7530\u3055\u3093\u306f\u8d64\u3044\u8eca\u3092\u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3082\u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Yamada-san wa akai kuruma o kaimashita ga, anata mo kaimashita ne.\"><\/acronym><em>Herra Yamada osti punaisen auton... ja niin teit sin\u00e4kin. H\u00e4n ei ostanut.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Huomaa, ett\u00e4 ero edell\u00e4 mainittujen kahden tapauksen v\u00e4lill\u00e4 on se, ett\u00e4 ensimm\u00e4isess\u00e4 tapauksessa toisella lauseella on p\u00e4invastainen merkitys kuin ensimm\u00e4isell\u00e4 lauseella. Toisessa tapauksessa toinen lause vain t\u00e4ydent\u00e4\u00e4 ensimm\u00e4ist\u00e4 lausetta.<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2>T\u00e4rkeiden tietojen lis\u00e4\u00e4minen<\/h2>\n<p>Joidenkin keskustelujen alussa GA-partikkelia voidaan k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 t\u00e4rke\u00e4n tiedon esittelyyn tai vain kiinnitt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n huomiota keskusteluun.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e4llaisia lauseita k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n muistuttamaan jostakin asiasta tai antamaan tietoja, jotka ovat eritt\u00e4in t\u00e4rkeit\u00e4 keskustelun kontekstin ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4misen kannalta.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Esimerkkej\u00e4:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Watashi, Tanaka-san to moushimasu ga, Yamada-san wa irasshaimasu ka?\">\u79c1\u3001\u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u3068\u7533\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5c71\u7530\u3055\u3093\u306f\u3044\u3089\u3063\u3057\u3083\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Nimeni on Tanaka. Onko herra Yamada kotona?<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Shitsurei desu ga... anata wa honda-san desu ka?\">\u5931\u793c\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u672c\u7530\u3055\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Anteeksi, mutta... Oletteko herra Honda?<\/p>\n<h2>GA-partikkeli ja ep\u00e4t\u00e4ydelliset lauseet<\/h2>\n<p>Vaikka kyseess\u00e4 on samanlainen k\u00e4site kuin edellisess\u00e4 kohdassa, ep\u00e4t\u00e4ydelliset lauseet eroavat edell\u00e4 mainituista lauseista siin\u00e4, ett\u00e4 ep\u00e4t\u00e4ydelliset lauseet ilmaisevat implisiittisen ajatuksen, jota ei ole kuvattu lauseessa. Lis\u00e4ksi t\u00e4m\u00e4 \"implisiittinen ajatus\" ilmaisee yleens\u00e4 mielipiteen, joka on vastoin lausuttua lausetta.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Esimerkkej\u00e4:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Watashi wa fuji-san o mi ni ikimashita ga...\">\u79c1\u306f\u5bcc\u58eb\u5c71\u3092\u898b\u306b\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3002\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>K\u00e4vin katsomassa Fuji-vuorta, mutta... (En n\u00e4hnyt mit\u00e4\u00e4n).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kare wa takai ie ni sunde imashita ga...\">\u5f7c\u306f\u9ad8\u3044\u5bb6\u306b\u4f4f\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3002\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em><acronym title=\"Kare wa takai ie ni sunde imashita ga...\"><\/acronym>H\u00e4n asui ennen isossa talossa, mutta... (nyt h\u00e4n asuu pieness\u00e4 talossa)<\/em><\/p>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00e4n\u00e4\u00e4n opimme lis\u00e4\u00e4 GA-hiukkasesta ja sen toiminnoista! Kun aloitamme japanin kielen opinnot, meill\u00e4 on usein tapana liitt\u00e4\u00e4 jokaiseen japanin kieliopin partikkeliin vain yksi funktio. GA-partikkeli<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":2361,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[70,74],"tags":[71,3,15],"class_list":["post-2364","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-particulas-em-japones","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-nihongo","tag-particulas-basicas"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2359,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":0},"title":"Milloin GA-hiukkasta k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"24 de marraskuu de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Decidir quando usar a part\u00edcula GA ou qualquer outra part\u00edcula n\u00e3o \u00e9 quest\u00e3o de seguir uma regra. A resposta para esta quest\u00e3o depende de muitos fatores usados na constru\u00e7\u00e3o das frases e das outras part\u00edculas que usamos dentro de uma mesma senten\u00e7a. Em alguns casos, isso parece ser mais quest\u00e3o\u2026","rel":"","context":"Kategoriassa &quot;Part\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Part\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/particulas-em-japones\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Quando usar a part\u00edcula GA","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1661,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/sujeito-das-frases-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":1},"title":"Lauseiden subjekti japaniksi","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de marraskuu de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda mais sobre\u00a0o sujeito das frases em japon\u00eas no nihongo! Como j\u00e1 estudamos\u00a0a ordem das palavras nas frases em japon\u00eas, sabemos que elas possuem uma organiza\u00e7\u00e3o inversa das palavras na l\u00edngua portuguesa. Nas frases em japon\u00eas, geralmente a ordem das palavras \u00e9\u00a0sujeito\u00a0+\u00a0objeto\u00a0(predicado ou resto da frase) +\u00a0verbo. Para ficar mais\u2026","rel":"","context":"Kategoriassa &quot;Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"O sujeito das frases em japon\u00eas - part\u00edcula WA ","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/ha-150x150.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2343,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/particula-de-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":2},"title":"Japanilainen partikkeli DE","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"29 de marraskuu de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Vamos agora aprender mais sobre a\u00a0part\u00edcula japonesa DE e seu uso! Como vinha sentindo muita falta de artigos sobre part\u00edculas na L\u00edngua Japonesa, escrevi tr\u00eas artigos sobre esse assunto. O primeiro foi sobre a part\u00edcula\u00a0wa\u00a0e os dois mais recentes foram sobre a part\u00edcula\u00a0ga. Caso esteja interessando em conhecer estes artigos,\u2026","rel":"","context":"Kategoriassa &quot;Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/gramatica-japonesa\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A part\u00edcula japonesa DE","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/particula-de-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/particula-de-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/particula-de-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2820,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/particula-mo-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":3},"title":"Partikkeli MO japaniksi","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"6 de tammikuu de 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Em japon\u00eas, a fun\u00e7\u00e3o mais comum da part\u00edcula\u00a0mo\u00a0\u00e9 indicar uma esp\u00e9cie de similaridade entre palavras da mesma senten\u00e7a. Segundo a\u00a0gram\u00e1tica japonesa, a part\u00edcula\u00a0mo\u00a0pode substituir outras part\u00edculas em frases paralelas, colocando duas palavras em p\u00e9 de igualdade ou assumindo o mesmo significado de palavras como\u00a0tamb\u00e9m,\u00a0bem como,\u00a0t\u00e3o...quanto\u00a0e outras com o mesmo significado.\u2026","rel":"","context":"Kategoriassa &quot;Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/gramatica-japonesa\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A part\u00edcula mo - \u3082","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2436,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/particula-ni-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":4},"title":"Partikkeli NI japaniksi","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"13 de tammikuu de 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Conhe\u00e7a mais sobre\u00a0a part\u00edcula NI em japon\u00eas em seus principais usos no NIHONGO! A part\u00edcula\u00a0ni\u00a0\u00e9 uma das part\u00edculas com mais fun\u00e7\u00f5es na gram\u00e1tica japonesa. Ela pode ser usada para indicar exist\u00eancia e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o, dire\u00e7\u00e3o de uma a\u00e7\u00e3o, espa\u00e7o de tempo e muito mais. O objetivo deste artigo n\u00e3o \u00e9 detalhar\u2026","rel":"","context":"Kategoriassa &quot;Part\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Part\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/particulas-em-japones\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A part\u00edcula NI em japon\u00eas","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/particula-ni-em-japones.png?fit=500%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2335,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/kara-a-particula-japonesa\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":5},"title":"Japanilainen hiukkanen KARA","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"16 de helmikuu de 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"A part\u00edcula japonesa\u00a0kara\u00a0geralmente marca os elementos de uma frase que aparecem antes dela. Se o elemento for um substantivo, a part\u00edcula\u00a0kara\u00a0pode assumir o significado de \"de, da, do\". E quando a elemento que acompanha a part\u00edcula\u00a0kara\u00a0for um adjetivo ou verbo auxiliar, geralmente ela indica a raz\u00e3o ou causa de uma\u2026","rel":"","context":"Kategoriassa &quot;Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/gramatica-japonesa\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A part\u00edcula japonesa KARA","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/A-particula-japonesa-KARA.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/A-particula-japonesa-KARA.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/A-particula-japonesa-KARA.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2364","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2364"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2364\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2361"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}