{"id":2364,"date":"2009-11-27T06:46:12","date_gmt":"2009-11-27T08:46:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2364"},"modified":"2018-07-01T13:52:17","modified_gmt":"2018-07-01T16:52:17","slug":"particule-ga-et-ses-fonctions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/particula-ga-e-suas-funcoes\/","title":{"rendered":"La particule GA et ses fonctions"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"d5c332bdcbd3300d2a784003ec0610c8\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Ads responsivo Inicio Post CAJap -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3298668993\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Apprenons-en plus aujourd&#039;hui sur\u00a0<strong>la particule GA et ses fonctions<\/strong>!<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2367\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/11\/a-particula-ga-e-suas-funcoes.gif?resize=130%2C130&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"la particule GA et ses fonctions\" width=\"130\" height=\"130\" \/>Lorsque nous commen\u00e7ons nos \u00e9tudes de langue japonaise, nous tombons souvent dans l&#039;addiction d&#039;associer une seule fonction \u00e0 chaque particule de la grammaire japonaise.<\/p>\n<h2>La particule GA et ses fonctions<\/h2>\n<p>Dans mon cas, j&#039;ai pass\u00e9 beaucoup de temps \u00e0 croire que la particule GA avait pour seule fonction d&#039;indiquer la position du sujet dans les phrases japonaises. Apr\u00e8s un certain temps d&#039;\u00e9tude, j&#039;ai r\u00e9alis\u00e9 que j&#039;avais compl\u00e8tement tort...<\/p>\n<p>Dans l&#039;article pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent sur le <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/quand-utiliser-la-particule-ga\/\">Particule GA<\/a>, j&#039;ai \u00e9crit quelques conseils d&#039;utilisation pour cette particule. Donc, dans l&#039;article d&#039;aujourd&#039;hui, apprenons \u00e0 conna\u00eetre certaines des principales fonctions de la particule GA.<\/p>\n<h2>Utilisation de la particule GA entre deux phrases<\/h2>\n<p>Dans de nombreux cas, la particule GA peut assumer la fonction de conjonction, r\u00e9alisant une opposition (ou une contradiction) entre deux phrases japonaises. Dans ces cas, la particule GA peut \u00eatre traduite par mais, cependant, cependant, n\u00e9anmoins ou cependant.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Exemples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Sakura no hana wa kirei da ga, kaori ga nai.\">\u685c\u306e\u82b1\u306f\u304d\u308c\u3044\u3060\u304c\u3001\u9999\u308a\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>Les fleurs de cerisier sont belles, mais elles n&#039;ont pas de parfum.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kono eiga wa omoshiroi ga, nagasugimasu ne.\">\u3053\u306e\u6620\u753b\u306f\u9762\u767d\u3044\u304c\u3001\u9577\u3059\u304e\u307e\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>Ce film est cool, mais il est trop long. N&#039;est pas?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Dans d&#039;autres cas, le\u00a0<a title=\"Quand utiliser la particule GA\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/quand-utiliser-la-particule-ga\/\">Particule GA<\/a>\u00a0au milieu des phrases japonaises ne peut servir que de lien entre elles. Assumant ainsi la m\u00eame fonction que notre e en portugais.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Exemples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kinou fuji-san o hajimete mimashita ga, kirei deshita.\">\u6628\u65e5\u5bcc\u58eb\u5c71\u3092\u59cb\u3081\u3066\u898b\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u304d\u308c\u3044\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>J&#039;ai vu le Mont Fuji pour la premi\u00e8re fois hier et c&#039;\u00e9tait tr\u00e8s beau.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Yamada-san wa akai kuruma o kaimashita ga, anata mo kaimashita ne.\">\u5c71\u7530\u3055\u3093\u306f\u8d64\u3044\u8eca\u3092\u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3082\u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Yamada-san wa akai kuruma o kaimashita ga, anata mo kaimashita ne.\"><\/acronym><em>M. Yamada a achet\u00e9 une voiture rouge\u2026 et vous aussi. Ce n&#039;\u00e9tait pas.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Notez que la diff\u00e9rence entre les deux cas ci-dessus est que dans le premier la deuxi\u00e8me phrase a un sens oppos\u00e9 \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re phrase. Et dans le deuxi\u00e8me cas, la deuxi\u00e8me phrase ne fait que compl\u00e9ter la premi\u00e8re phrase.<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Ajout d&#039;informations importantes<\/h2>\n<p>Au d\u00e9but de certaines conversations, la particule GA peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e pour introduire des informations importantes ou simplement attirer l&#039;attention pour d\u00e9marrer la conversation.<\/p>\n<p>Des phrases comme celles-ci sont utilis\u00e9es pour vous rappeler quelque chose ou donner des informations tr\u00e8s importantes pour comprendre le contexte de la conversation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Exemples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Watashi, Tanaka-san \u00e0 moushimasu ga, Yamada-san wa irasshaimasu ka ?\">\u79c1\u3001\u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u3068\u7533\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5c71\u7530\u3055\u3093\u306f\u3044\u3089\u3063\u3057\u3083\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Je m&#039;appelle Tanaka. Est-ce que M. Yamada est chez lui ?<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Shitsurei desu ga... anata wa honda-san desu ka?\">\u5931\u793c\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u672c\u7530\u3055\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Excusez-moi, mais\u2026 \u00cates-vous M. Honda ?<\/p>\n<h2>La particule GA et les phrases incompl\u00e8tes<\/h2>\n<p>Bien qu&#039;il s&#039;agisse d&#039;un concept similaire \u00e0 l&#039;\u00e9l\u00e9ment pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, la diff\u00e9rence entre les phrases incompl\u00e8tes et les phrases ci-dessus est que les phrases incompl\u00e8tes expriment une id\u00e9e implicite\u00a0; ce n&#039;\u00e9tait pas d\u00e9crit dans la phrase. De plus, cette \u00ab id\u00e9e implicite \u00bb exprime g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement une opinion contraire \u00e0 la phrase prononc\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Exemples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Watashi wa fuji-san o mi ni ikimashita ga...\">\u79c1\u306f\u5bcc\u58eb\u5c71\u3092\u898b\u306b\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3002\u3002\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>Je suis all\u00e9 voir le mont Fuji, mais\u2026 (je n&#039;ai rien vu).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kare wa takai ie ni sunde imashita ga...\">\u5f7c\u306f\u9ad8\u3044\u5bb6\u306b\u4f4f\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3002\u3002\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em><acronym title=\"Kare wa takai ie ni sunde imashita ga...\"><\/acronym>Il vivait dans une grande maison, mais\u2026 (vit maintenant dans une petite maison)<\/em><\/p>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Apprenons aujourd&#039;hui plus sur la particule GA et ses fonctions ! Lorsque nous commen\u00e7ons nos \u00e9tudes de langue japonaise, nous tombons souvent dans l&#039;addiction d&#039;associer une seule fonction \u00e0 chaque particule de la grammaire japonaise. La particule GA<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":2361,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[70,74],"tags":[71,3,15],"class_list":["post-2364","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-particulas-em-japones","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-nihongo","tag-particulas-basicas"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2359,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":0},"title":"Quand utiliser la particule GA","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"24 de novembre de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Decidir quando usar a part\u00edcula GA ou qualquer outra part\u00edcula n\u00e3o \u00e9 quest\u00e3o de seguir uma regra. A resposta para esta quest\u00e3o depende de muitos fatores usados na constru\u00e7\u00e3o das frases e das outras part\u00edculas que usamos dentro de uma mesma senten\u00e7a. Em alguns casos, isso parece ser mais quest\u00e3o\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Part\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Part\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/particulas-em-japones\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Quando usar a part\u00edcula GA","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1661,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/sujeito-das-frases-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":1},"title":"Le sujet des phrases japonaises","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de novembre de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda mais sobre\u00a0o sujeito das frases em japon\u00eas no nihongo! Como j\u00e1 estudamos\u00a0a ordem das palavras nas frases em japon\u00eas, sabemos que elas possuem uma organiza\u00e7\u00e3o inversa das palavras na l\u00edngua portuguesa. Nas frases em japon\u00eas, geralmente a ordem das palavras \u00e9\u00a0sujeito\u00a0+\u00a0objeto\u00a0(predicado ou resto da frase) +\u00a0verbo. Para ficar mais\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"O sujeito das frases em japon\u00eas - part\u00edcula WA ","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/ha-150x150.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2343,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/particula-de-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":2},"title":"la particule japonaise DE","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"29 de novembre de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Vamos agora aprender mais sobre a\u00a0part\u00edcula japonesa DE e seu uso! Como vinha sentindo muita falta de artigos sobre part\u00edculas na L\u00edngua Japonesa, escrevi tr\u00eas artigos sobre esse assunto. O primeiro foi sobre a part\u00edcula\u00a0wa\u00a0e os dois mais recentes foram sobre a part\u00edcula\u00a0ga. Caso esteja interessando em conhecer estes artigos,\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/gramatica-japonesa\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A part\u00edcula japonesa DE","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/particula-de-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/particula-de-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/particula-de-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2820,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/particula-mo-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":3},"title":"La particule MO en japonais","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"6 de janvier de 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Em japon\u00eas, a fun\u00e7\u00e3o mais comum da part\u00edcula\u00a0mo\u00a0\u00e9 indicar uma esp\u00e9cie de similaridade entre palavras da mesma senten\u00e7a. Segundo a\u00a0gram\u00e1tica japonesa, a part\u00edcula\u00a0mo\u00a0pode substituir outras part\u00edculas em frases paralelas, colocando duas palavras em p\u00e9 de igualdade ou assumindo o mesmo significado de palavras como\u00a0tamb\u00e9m,\u00a0bem como,\u00a0t\u00e3o...quanto\u00a0e outras com o mesmo significado.\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/gramatica-japonesa\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A part\u00edcula mo - \u3082","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/particula-MO-em-japones.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2436,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/particula-ni-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":4},"title":"la particule NI en japonais","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"13 de janvier de 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Conhe\u00e7a mais sobre\u00a0a part\u00edcula NI em japon\u00eas em seus principais usos no NIHONGO! A part\u00edcula\u00a0ni\u00a0\u00e9 uma das part\u00edculas com mais fun\u00e7\u00f5es na gram\u00e1tica japonesa. Ela pode ser usada para indicar exist\u00eancia e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o, dire\u00e7\u00e3o de uma a\u00e7\u00e3o, espa\u00e7o de tempo e muito mais. 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E quando a elemento que acompanha a part\u00edcula\u00a0kara\u00a0for um adjetivo ou verbo auxiliar, geralmente ela indica a raz\u00e3o ou causa de uma\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/gramatica-japonesa\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A part\u00edcula japonesa KARA","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/A-particula-japonesa-KARA.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/A-particula-japonesa-KARA.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/A-particula-japonesa-KARA.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2364","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2364"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2364\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2361"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}