{"id":1637,"date":"2009-11-07T12:05:47","date_gmt":"2009-11-07T14:05:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1637"},"modified":"2018-03-08T19:16:36","modified_gmt":"2018-03-08T22:16:36","slug":"alapveto-japan-nyelvtan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/gramatica-japonesa-fundamental\/","title":{"rendered":"Jap\u00e1n nyelvtani alapismeretek"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"0ce2e1532cfed878672bf28fff76695e\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Ads responsivo Inicio Post CAJap -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3298668993\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Tudjon meg t\u00f6bbet\u00a0<strong>alapvet\u0151 jap\u00e1n nyelvtan<\/strong> nihongo tanul\u00f3knak!<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Mai cikk\u00fcnkben a jap\u00e1n nyelv n\u00e9h\u00e1ny alapelem\u00e9vel ismerked\u00fcnk meg, \u00e9s meg\u00e9rtj\u00fck, hogyan kell egyszer\u0171 mondatokat alkotni.<\/p>\n<h2>Jap\u00e1n nyelvtani alapismeretek<\/h2>\n<p>A mai tartalom is seg\u00edt jobban meg\u00e9rteni mindazt, amit az el\u0151z\u0151 cikkekben m\u00e1r megtanultunk. Nagy m\u00e9lys\u00e9gre azonban ne sz\u00e1m\u00edtson. Ez a jap\u00e1n nyelvnek egy nagyon alapvet\u0151 r\u00e9sze, \u00e9s id\u0151vel m\u00e9g jobban el fogjuk m\u00e9ly\u00edteni a nyelvtani ismereteinket.<\/p>\n<p class=\"orange\">Ha a jap\u00e1n bet\u0171k f\u00f6l\u00e9 mozdulsz, l\u00e1thatod a kiejt\u00e9s\u00fcket \u00e9s a ford\u00edt\u00e1sukat.<\/p>\n<h2>Jap\u00e1n nyelvtan \u00e9s r\u00e9szecsk\u00e9k<\/h2>\n<p>A h\u00edv\u00e1sok\u00a0<em>r\u00e9szecsk\u00e9k<\/em>a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/abece-japan-hiragana-katakana-tanulasi-utmutato\/\">a jap\u00e1n \u00e1b\u00e9c\u00e9 sz\u00f3tagjai<\/a> a mondat szavainak vagy a pontnak a jel\u00f6l\u00e9s\u00e9re szolg\u00e1l. Nagyon fontos szerepet j\u00e1tszanak a jap\u00e1n nyelvtanban, mivel jelzik az egyes szavak funkci\u00f3j\u00e1t a mondaton bel\u00fcl.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cdgy a r\u00e9szecsk\u00e9k hat\u00e1rozz\u00e1k meg, hogy melyik sz\u00f3 a mondat alanya, melyik a k\u00f6zvetlen vagy k\u00f6zvetett t\u00e1rgy, a mondat melyik r\u00e9sze az \u00e1ll\u00edtm\u00e1ny \u00e9s \u00edgy tov\u00e1bb. A jap\u00e1n nyelvtanban a partikul\u00e1knak nincs konkr\u00e9t ford\u00edt\u00e1suk, sok esetben m\u00e9g ford\u00edt\u00e1suk sincs, de ha leford\u00edtj\u00e1k \u0151ket, \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban hasonl\u00f3 szerepet t\u00f6ltenek be, mint a mi prepoz\u00edci\u00f3ink, cikkelyeink \u00e9s k\u00f6t\u0151szavaink.<\/p>\n<p>Egy m\u00e1sik fontos jelens\u00e9g a jap\u00e1n nyelvtanban a r\u00e9szecsk\u00e9kkel kapcsolatban az, hogy m\u00e1s hangz\u00e1suk van, mint az \u00edr\u00e1snak. Egyes sz\u00f3tagok hangz\u00e1sa megv\u00e1ltozhat, amikor r\u00e9szecskek\u00e9nt haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k \u0151ket. Ez a helyzet a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 r\u00e9szecsk\u00e9kkel\u00a0<acronym title=\"wa\">\u306f<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"e\">\u3078<\/acronym>Ez az\u00e9rt van, mert b\u00e1r HA \u00e9s HE sz\u00f3taggal \u00edrj\u00e1k \u0151ket, WA \u00e9s E bet\u0171kkel olvass\u00e1k \u0151ket.<\/p>\n<p>Ne agg\u00f3dj, ha most m\u00e9g nem sokat \u00e9rtesz, id\u0151vel k\u00f6nnyebb lesz, \u00e9s egyre t\u00f6bbet tanulsz a jap\u00e1n nyelvtanr\u00f3l.<\/p>\n<h3>A WA-r\u00e9szecske \u00e9s a szabv\u00e1ny megismer\u00e9se\u00a0<strong>A\u00a0<acronym title=\"wa\">\u306f<\/acronym>\u00a0B\u00a0<acronym title=\"desu | A portug\u00e1l ser ig\u00e9hez hasonl\u00f3 sz\u00f3.\">\u3067\u3059<\/acronym><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Nagyon gyakori, hogy a jap\u00e1n nyelvben olyan mondatokat tal\u00e1lunk, amelyekben a partikula\u00a0<acronym title=\"wa\">\u306f<\/acronym>. \u00c1ltal\u00e1ban azt jelzi, hogy az el\u0151tte l\u00e9v\u0151 sz\u00f3 a mondat t\u00e9m\u00e1ja vagy f\u0151 t\u00e1rgya. A portug\u00e1l nyelvben a t\u00e9ma fogalma nem l\u00e9tezik, ez\u00e9rt a t\u00e9ma a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/japan-alapszokincs-kezdoknek\/\">Jap\u00e1n kifejez\u00e9sek<\/a> gyakran a jap\u00e1nr\u00f3l portug\u00e1lra t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 szabad ford\u00edt\u00e1sban az alany poz\u00edci\u00f3j\u00e1t t\u00f6lti be.<\/p>\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/particulas-basicas-parte-1-%E3%81%AF-e-%E3%81%8C\/\">wa r\u00e9szecske<\/a> is sz\u00e9les k\u00f6rben haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k a\u00a0<strong>A\u00a0<acronym title=\"wa\">\u306f<\/acronym>\u00a0B\u00a0<acronym title=\"desu | A portug\u00e1l ser ig\u00e9hez hasonl\u00f3 sz\u00f3.\">\u3067\u3059<\/acronym><\/strong>\u00a0(A az B), ahol az alap\u00e9rtelmezett\u00a0<strong>A<\/strong>\u00a0a mondat f\u0151 t\u00e9m\u00e1ja,\u00a0<strong>B<\/strong>\u00a0ez az, amir\u0151l besz\u00e9l\u00fcnk\u00a0<strong>A<\/strong>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"desu | A portug\u00e1l ser ig\u00e9hez hasonl\u00f3 sz\u00f3.\">\u3067\u3059<\/acronym>\u00a0a portug\u00e1l ser ig\u00e9hez hasonl\u00f3 sz\u00f3. Ezzel a mint\u00e1val sokf\u00e9le mondatot alkothatunk, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kare wa sensei desu - \u0151 egy tan\u00e1r.\">\u5f7c<span class=\"orange\">\u306f<\/span>\u5148\u751f<span class=\"blue\">\u3067\u3059<\/span>\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kanojo wa nihonjin dewa arimasen - \u0150 nem jap\u00e1n.\">\u5f7c\u5973<span class=\"orange\">\u306f<\/span>\u65e5\u672c\u4eba<span class=\"blue\">\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span>\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"watashi wa edoarudo desu | eu-wa-eduardo-ser.\">\u79c1<span class=\"orange\">\u306f<\/span>\u30a8\u30c9\u30a2\u30eb\u30c9<span class=\"blue\">\u3067\u3059<\/span>\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>A fenti mondatokban,\u00a0<acronym title=\"desu | A portug\u00e1l ser ig\u00e9hez hasonl\u00f3 sz\u00f3.\">\u3067\u3059<\/acronym>\u00a0jelent\u00e9se megegyezik a ser ig\u00e9vel \u00e9s\u00a0<acronym title=\"dewa arimasen - nem kell\">\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/acronym>\u00a0negat\u00edv jelent\u00e9ssel b\u00edr, mint egyfajta \"nem lenni\" vagy \"nem\". Ezenk\u00edv\u00fcl a sz\u00f3tag\u00a0<acronym title=\"wa\">\u306f<\/acronym>\u00a0tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a\u00a0<acronym title=\"dewa arimasen - nem kell\">\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/acronym>\u00a0egy r\u00e9szecske. Ez\u00e9rt olvashat\u00f3 wa-nak \u00e9s nem ha-nak.<\/p>\n<p>A jap\u00e1n nyelvben vannak m\u00e1s szavak is, amelyek \u00f6sszet\u00e9tel\u00e9ben ez a r\u00e9szecske szerepel. Mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a\u00a0<acronym title=\"konnichiwa - Hello vagy J\u00f3 napot\">\u3053\u3093\u306b\u3061\u306f<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"konbanwa - J\u00f3 est\u00e9t\">\u3053\u3093\u3070\u3093\u306f<\/acronym>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Sok esetben, amikor a f\u0151 t\u00e9ma m\u00e1r vil\u00e1gosan ki van mondva a mondatban, a jap\u00e1nok elhagyj\u00e1k a partikul\u00e1t\u00a0<acronym title=\"wa\">\u306f<\/acronym>\u00a0mint maga a t\u00e9ma. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kanojo wa sensei desu - \u0150 egy tan\u00e1r.\">\u5f7c\u5973<span class=\"orange\">\u306f<\/span>\u5148\u751f<span class=\"blue\">\u3067\u3059<\/span>\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"nihonjin dewa arimasen - (\u0150) nem jap\u00e1n.\">\u65e5\u672c\u4eba<span class=\"blue\">\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span>\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Vegy\u00fck \u00e9szre, hogy a k\u00e9t mondat ugyanarr\u00f3l a t\u00e9m\u00e1r\u00f3l, \"\u0150\"-r\u0151l sz\u00f3l, \u00e9s mivel a m\u00e1sodik mondatban a t\u00e9ma m\u00e1r egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171en ismert, kihagyhat\u00f3 an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy a mondatok meg\u00e9rt\u00e9se s\u00e9r\u00fclne. Egy m\u00e1sik eml\u00edt\u00e9sre m\u00e9lt\u00f3 dolog, hogy a jap\u00e1nban az ige \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban a mondatok v\u00e9g\u00e9n szerepel.<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Jap\u00e1n nyelvtan \u00e9s k\u00e9rd\u00e9sek jap\u00e1nul<\/h2>\n<p>A jap\u00e1n nyelvtan szerint a k\u00e9rd\u0151 mondatok l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1nak alapjai a jap\u00e1n nyelvben a k\u00e9rd\u0151 mondat r\u00e9szecsk\u00e9inek megfelel\u0151 haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1b\u00f3l \u00e1llnak.\u00a0<span title=\"ka\"><acronym title=\"ka\">\u304b<\/acronym><\/span>, amely a mondatok v\u00e9g\u00e9re ker\u00fcl, mintha a mi k\u00e9rd\u0151jel\u00fcnk lenne.<span id=\"more-562\"><\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>A k\u00f6znyelvben, ha jap\u00e1nul akarunk k\u00e9rdezni, keleti bar\u00e1taink gyakran haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k a partikul\u00e1t\u00a0<span title=\"a\"><acronym title=\"a\">\u306e<\/acronym><\/span>\u00a0(a jap\u00e1n r\u00e9gi\u00f3t\u00f3l f\u00fcgg\u0151en) a r\u00e9szecske helyett a\u00a0<acronym title=\"ka\">\u304b<\/acronym>vagy egyszer\u0171en nem haszn\u00e1lnak partikul\u00e1kat, \u00e9s a k\u00e9rd\u0151 mondatot a hanglejt\u00e9ssel jellemzik.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Emiatt a besz\u00e9lget\u00e9sek sor\u00e1n tiszt\u00e1ban kell lenn\u00fcnk azzal, hogy egy mondat mikor \u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s, \u00e9s mikor k\u00e9rd\u00e9s. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kare wa nihonjin desu. \u0150 jap\u00e1n.\">\u5f7c\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u3067\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/acronym>\u00a0- Meger\u0151s\u00edt\u0151 mondat jap\u00e1nul.<br \/>\n<acronym title=\"kare wa nihonjin desu ka? \u0150 jap\u00e1n?\">\u5f7c\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f<\/acronym>\u00a0- Hivatalos k\u00e9rd\u0151 mondat.<br \/>\n<acronym title=\"Kare wa nihonjin desu no? \u0150 jap\u00e1n?\">\u5f7c\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u306e\uff1f<\/acronym>\u00a0- Nem hivatalos k\u00e9rd\u0151 mondat.<br \/>\n<acronym title=\"Kare wa nihonjin desu? \u0150 jap\u00e1n?\">\u5f7c\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u3067\u3059\uff1f<\/acronym>\u00a0- Teljesen inform\u00e1lis kifejez\u00e9s. Csak a hanglejt\u00e9sb\u0151l vagy a ? jelb\u0151l lehet meg\u00e1llap\u00edtani, hogy k\u00e9rd\u0151sz\u00f3r\u00f3l van sz\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Megjegyzend\u0151, hogy a k\u00e9rd\u0151jeleket ? csak az\u00e9rt haszn\u00e1ltam, hogy k\u00f6nnyebb legyen megk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6ztetni a k\u00e9rd\u0151 \u00e9s az igenl\u0151 mondatokat, mivel a jap\u00e1n nyelvtan szerint a k\u00e9rd\u0151jelek haszn\u00e1lata nem k\u00f6telez\u0151. Amikor sz\u00f6vegekr\u0151l \u00e9s k\u00f6nyvekr\u0151l van sz\u00f3, a jap\u00e1nok \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban form\u00e1lis m\u00f3don \u00edrnak. Ez megk\u00f6nny\u00edti a k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9get a k\u00e9rd\u00e9sek \u00e9s az \u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt.<\/p>\n<h3>Hogyan v\u00e1laszoljunk jap\u00e1nul a k\u00e9rd\u00e9sekre<\/h3>\n<p>A jap\u00e1n nyelvben a k\u00e9rd\u00e9sek megv\u00e1laszol\u00e1s\u00e1nak legalapvet\u0151bb m\u00f3dja a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 szavak haszn\u00e1lata\u00a0<acronym title=\"Igen.\">\u306f\u3044<\/acronym>\u00a0vagy\u00a0<acronym title=\"iie | no\">\u3044\u3044\u3044\u3048<\/acronym>majd hozz\u00e1adjuk a v\u00e1laszt a\u00a0<acronym title=\"desu | ser\">\u3067\u3059<\/acronym>\u00a0a megfelel\u0151 form\u00e1ban. N\u00e9zze meg az al\u00e1bbi p\u00e9ld\u00e1t:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Ha t\u00f6bbet szeretn\u00e9l megtudni a desur\u00f3l, olvasd el ezt a cikket:\u00a0<a title=\"Desu - Az ige lenni jap\u00e1nul\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/desu-o-verbo-ser-em-japones\/\">DESU az ige lenni jap\u00e1nul a<\/a>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>P\u00e9lda<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Anata wa burajirujin desu ka. | Brazil vagy?\">\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u30d6\u30e9\u30b8\u30eb\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Az ilyen t\u00edpus\u00fa k\u00e9rd\u00e9sekre k\u00e9tf\u00e9lek\u00e9ppen lehet v\u00e1laszolni. Az egyik az igenl\u0151 v\u00e1lasz:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Hai, burajirujin desu. Igen, brazil vagyok.\">\u306f\u3044\u3001\u30d6\u30e9\u30b8\u30eb\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>\u00c9s a m\u00e1sik negat\u00edvum:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Iie, burajirujin dewa arimasen. Nem, nem vagyok brazil.\">\u3044\u3044\u3048\u3001\u30d6\u30e9\u30b8\u30eb\u4eba\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<h3>K\u00e9rd\u00e9sek feltev\u00e9se jap\u00e1nul a WA partikul\u00e1val<\/h3>\n<p>Az infomercial besz\u00e9lget\u00e9sek sor\u00e1n nagyon gyakori, hogy jap\u00e1nul csak a t\u00e9m\u00e1t \u00e9s a partikul\u00e1t haszn\u00e1lva k\u00e9rd\u00e9seket tesz\u00fcnk fel.\u00a0<acronym title=\"wa\">\u306f<\/acronym>. Az ilyen esetekben csak a hanglejt\u00e9sb\u0151l lehet meg\u00e1llap\u00edtani, hogy a mondat k\u00e9rd\u00e9s. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kanojo wa? - \u0150 az? R\u00f3la van sz\u00f3?\">\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\uff1f<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kore wa? - Ez az? Err\u0151l van sz\u00f3?\">\u3053\u308c\u306f\uff1f<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"watashi wa? - R\u00f3lam van sz\u00f3? R\u00f3lam van sz\u00f3?\">\u79c1\u306f\uff1f<\/acronym><\/p>\n<h2>Jap\u00e1n nyelvtan \u00e9s felki\u00e1lt\u00f3 mondatok<\/h2>\n<p>A felki\u00e1lt\u00f3 mondatok megalkot\u00e1sa jap\u00e1nul ugyanolyan egyszer\u0171, mint a k\u00e9rd\u0151 mondatok\u00e9. Ehhez haszn\u00e1ljuk a partikul\u00e1t\u00a0<acronym title=\"yo\">\u3088<\/acronym>ahogy a jap\u00e1n nyelvtan tan\u00edtja.<\/p>\n<p>A r\u00e9szecske\u00a0<acronym title=\"yo\">\u3088<\/acronym>\u00a0egy m\u00e1sik nagyon egyszer\u0171en megtanulhat\u00f3 r\u00e9szecske. Csak\u00fagy, mint a\u00a0<acronym title=\"ka\">\u304b<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"yo\">\u3088<\/acronym>a jap\u00e1n mondatok v\u00e9g\u00e9n \u00e1ll, \u00e9s felki\u00e1lt\u00f3 jelleg\u0171, mintha hangs\u00falyozn\u00e1 a mondatot. Ezt a partikul\u00e1t ugyan\u00fagy haszn\u00e1ljuk, mint a mi felki\u00e1lt\u00f3jel\u00fcnket (!).<span id=\"more-556\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Besz\u00e9lt nyelven\u00a0<acronym title=\"yo\">\u3088<\/acronym>\u00a0nagyon hangs\u00falyos, mindig mag\u00e1ra vonja a hallgat\u00f3 figyelm\u00e9t. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kore wa jamu desu yo! - Ez a dzsem!\">\u3053\u308c\u306f\u30b8\u30e3\u30e0\u3067\u3059\u3088\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<h2>A jap\u00e1n nyelvtan \u00e9s a ne r\u00e9szecske<\/h2>\n<p>Amikor a jap\u00e1nok hangs\u00falyozni akarnak egy mondatot, vagy egyszer\u0171en csak fel akarj\u00e1k h\u00edvni a hallgat\u00f3 figyelm\u00e9t, gyakran haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k a partikul\u00e1t\u00a0<acronym title=\"ne\">\u306d<\/acronym>\u00a0a jap\u00e1n mondatok v\u00e9g\u00e9n. \u00cdgy a partikula\u00a0<acronym title=\"ne\">\u306d<\/acronym>\u00a0v\u00e9g\u00fcl ugyanazt a jelent\u00e9st kapja, mint a portug\u00e1l nyelvben haszn\u00e1lt \"n\u00e3o \u00e9?\" kifejez\u00e9s. N\u00e9zze meg:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Anata wa sensei desu ne? - Maga tan\u00e1r, ugye?\">\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u5148\u751f\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kare wa burajirujin desu ne? - \u0150 brazil. Nem igaz?\">\u5f7c\u306f\u30d6\u30e9\u30b8\u30eb\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Braz\u00edlia egyes r\u00e9gi\u00f3iban a \"n\u00e3o \u00e9?\" kifejez\u00e9st ugyan\u00fagy haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k, mint a \"n\u00e3o \u00e9?\" r\u00e9szecsk\u00e9t.\u00a0<acronym title=\"ne\">\u306d<\/acronym>\u00a0Jap\u00e1nban. Mind \"nyelvtanilag\" (ha lehet \u00edgy fogalmazni...), mind hangtanilag.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e9h\u00e1ny bar\u00e1tom megk\u00e9rdezte t\u0151lem: \"Te jap\u00e1n tan\u00e1r vagy? T\u00e9nyleg? Mint a r\u00e9szecske\u00a0<acronym title=\"ne\">\u306d<\/acronym>. Igaz? \ud83d\ude00<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>A jap\u00e1n nyelvtan szerint a partikula\u00a0<acronym title=\"ne\">\u306d<\/acronym>\u00a0meger\u0151s\u00edt\u00e9sre ir\u00e1nyul\u00f3 k\u00e9r\u00e9snek min\u0151s\u00fclhet, de nem mindig t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik \u00edgy. Bizonyos esetekben mintha a besz\u00e9l\u0151 csak a hallgat\u00f3 figyelm\u00e9t akarn\u00e1 felkelteni, \u00e9s nem felt\u00e9tlen\u00fcl meger\u0151s\u00edt\u00e9sre lenne sz\u00fcks\u00e9ge. Ezek azonban ritk\u00e1bb esetek.<\/p>\n<p>Ami a formalit\u00e1s szintj\u00e9t illeti, tudom\u00e1som szerint a r\u00e9szecske\u00a0<acronym title=\"ne\">\u306d<\/acronym>\u00a0korl\u00e1toz\u00e1s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3. Nem sz\u00e1m\u00edt, hogy hivatalos, inform\u00e1lis, sz\u00f3beli vagy sz\u00f6veges besz\u00e9lget\u00e9sr\u0151l van sz\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Nos... rem\u00e9lem, \u00e9lvezitek a cikkeket. Ha nem, ne felejtsd el felvenni a kapcsolatot. Ha b\u00e1rmilyen kritik\u00e1tok vagy javaslatotok van, mindig sz\u00edvesen meghallgatom \u00e9s megpr\u00f3b\u00e1lok jav\u00edtani.<\/p>\n<h2>A kanji k\u00e9z\u00edr\u00e1s gyakorl\u00e1sa<\/h2>\n<p>Az al\u00e1bbiakban a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/a-jouyou-kanji-japan-szimbolumai\/\">Jap\u00e1n ideogr\u00e1fiai szimb\u00f3lumok<\/a>\u00a0ebben a cikkben haszn\u00e1ltak. V\u00e1lassza ki a k\u00edv\u00e1nt kanjikat, majd m\u00e1solja ki \u00e9s illessze be \u0151ket a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/in\/imprimir-para-treinar-kanas-e-kanjis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kana \u00e9s Kanji gyakorl\u00f3 feladatlap<\/a>\u00a0 a Gener\u00e1l\u00e1s gombra kattintva egy \u00faj ablak ny\u00edlik meg, ahol a nyomtathat\u00f3 f\u00e1jl l\u00e1that\u00f3. Ezut\u00e1n egyszer\u0171en kinyomtathatja a szimb\u00f3lumokat, \u00e9s megpr\u00f3b\u00e1lhatja maga meg\u00edrni \u0151ket. Csak nyomtassa ki \u00e9s gyakoroljon!<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 79px\" border=\"0\" width=\"410\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u5f7c<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u5148<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u751f<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u65e5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u4eba<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u79c1<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u672c<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u5973<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tudj meg t\u00f6bbet az alapvet\u0151 jap\u00e1n nyelvtanr\u00f3l nihongo tanul\u00f3knak! Mai cikk\u00fcnkben a jap\u00e1n nyelv n\u00e9h\u00e1ny alapelem\u00e9vel, az egyszer\u0171 mondatok alkot\u00e1s\u00e1nak meg\u00e9rt\u00e9s\u00e9vel foglalkozunk. Alapvet\u0151 jap\u00e1n nyelvtan A jap\u00e1n nyelvtan tartalma<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":77,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70],"tags":[27,71,2,3],"class_list":["post-1637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","tag-gramatica","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/estudando_japones.jpg?fit=450%2C300&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2447,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/como-formar-frases-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":1637,"position":0},"title":"Hogyan kell mondatokat alkotni jap\u00e1nul","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"11 de okt\u00f3ber de 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda agora a\u00a0como formar frases em japon\u00eas! 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Como formar frases em japon\u00eas Como muitos leitores do\u00a0L\u00edngua Japonesa\u00a0me enviam e-mails com d\u00favidas sobre como\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Vocabul\u00e1rio japon\u00eas&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Vocabul\u00e1rio japon\u00eas","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/vocabulario-japones\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Como formar frases em japon\u00eas","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/nihongo_idioma.jpg?fit=477%2C296&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1661,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/sujeito-das-frases-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":1637,"position":1},"title":"A mondatok alanya jap\u00e1nul","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de november de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda mais sobre\u00a0o sujeito das frases em japon\u00eas no nihongo! Como j\u00e1 estudamos\u00a0a ordem das palavras nas frases em japon\u00eas, sabemos que elas possuem uma organiza\u00e7\u00e3o inversa das palavras na l\u00edngua portuguesa. Nas frases em japon\u00eas, geralmente a ordem das palavras \u00e9\u00a0sujeito\u00a0+\u00a0objeto\u00a0(predicado ou resto da frase) +\u00a0verbo. Para ficar mais\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"O sujeito das frases em japon\u00eas - part\u00edcula WA ","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/ha-150x150.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1699,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/tipos-de-adjetivos-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":1637,"position":2},"title":"A mell\u00e9knevek t\u00edpusai jap\u00e1nul","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de november de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Conhe\u00e7a os tipos de adjetivos em japon\u00eas e aprenda mais! Antes de come\u00e7ar a falar sobre os adjetivos japoneses propriamente ditos, vamos ver uma descri\u00e7\u00e3o geral sobre os tipos de adjetivos encontrados na l\u00edngua japonesa. Passe o cursor do mouse sobre os s\u00edmbolos japoneses (kanjis) para ver a pron\u00fancia e\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Os tipos de adjetivos em japon\u00eas - \u9752\u3044\u8eca","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/11\/tipos-de-adjetivos-em-japones.png?fit=500%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1713,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/adjetivos-na-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":1637,"position":3},"title":"Na mell\u00e9knevek jap\u00e1nul","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de november de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda agora mais sobre os adjetivos na em japon\u00eas! Nos artigos anteriores sobre adjetivos em japon\u00eas, entendemos os tipos de adjetivos e as flex\u00f5es dos adjetivos japoneses\u00a0\u3044. No artigo de hoje vamos conhecer as flex\u00f5es dos adjetivos japoneses\u00a0\u306a. Os adjetivos na em japon\u00eas No que diz respeito \u00e0 flex\u00e3o desses\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Adjetivos japoneses&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Adjetivos japoneses","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/adjetivos-japoneses\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Os adjetivos na em japon\u00eas - \u5927\u5207\u306a\u672c\u3067\u3059","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/adjetivos-na-em-japones.png?fit=500%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1706,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/adjetivos-i-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":1637,"position":4},"title":"Az i mell\u00e9knevek jap\u00e1nul","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de november de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Vamos agora conhecer\u00a0os adjetivos i em japon\u00eas! 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Hoje, vamos entender como s\u00e3o formados os pronomes possessivos em japon\u00eas. Os pronomes possessivos em japon\u00eas Para formar os pronomes possessivos, vamos precisar dos pronomes pessoais e da\u00a0part\u00edcula\u00a0\u306e. Essa part\u00edcula indica posse, relacionamento\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Os pronomes possessivos em japon\u00eas","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/pronomes-possessivos-em-japones.png?fit=500%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1637","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1637"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1637\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/77"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1637"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1637"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}