{"id":1648,"date":"2009-11-03T04:28:06","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T06:28:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1648"},"modified":"2026-08-10T20:53:34","modified_gmt":"2026-08-10T23:53:34","slug":"when-use-nan-an-or-nani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/quando-usar-nan-ou-nani\/","title":{"rendered":"Nani \u00e9s nan jap\u00e1nul: jelent\u00e9s \u00e9s haszn\u00e1lat"},"content":{"rendered":"

A kanji \u4f55<\/strong> azt jelenti, hogy \u201cmi\u201d, \u00e9s k\u00e9t nagyon gyakori olvasata van: \u306a\u306b (nani)<\/strong> e \u306a\u3093 (nan)<\/strong>. \u00c1ltal\u00e1ban a nani<\/strong> haszn\u00e1ld, amikor a \u4f55 k\u00e9rd\u0151sz\u00f3k\u00e9nt m\u0171k\u00f6dik olyan partikul\u00e1k el\u0151tt, mint a \u3092, \u304c \u00e9s \u306b; a nan<\/strong> haszn\u00e1ld a \u3067\u3059, \u306e \u00e9s sok sz\u00e1ml\u00e1l\u00f3 vagy m\u00e9rt\u00e9kegys\u00e9g el\u0151tt, mint a \u6642, \u4eba, \u6b73 \u00e9s \u679a.<\/p>\n\n

A v\u00e1laszt\u00e1s nem f\u00fcgg a formalit\u00e1st\u00f3l. Att\u00f3l f\u00fcgg, hogy milyen szerkezet k\u00f6veti a \u4f55-t, \u00e9s bizonyos esetekben egy m\u00e1r kialakult kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3t\u00f3l. A leggyakoribb mint\u00e1k megtanul\u00e1sa hasznosabb, mint minden karaktert k\u00fcl\u00f6n pr\u00f3b\u00e1lni leford\u00edtani.<\/p>\n\n

Mit jelentenek a nani \u00e9s nan kifejez\u00e9sek jap\u00e1nul?<\/h2>\n\n

Nani<\/strong> e nan<\/strong> nem k\u00e9t ellent\u00e9tes jelent\u00e9s\u0171 sz\u00f3. Ugyanannak a kandzsinak az olvasatai, \u4f55<\/strong>, amelyet \u201cmi\u201d, \u201cmelyik\u201d vagy \u201ch\u00e1ny\u201d k\u00e9rd\u00e9s\u00e9re haszn\u00e1lnak, a szerkezett\u0151l f\u00fcgg\u0151en.<\/p>\n\n

A kezd\u0151 anyag A Japan Foundation Irodori kifejezetten bemutatja a \u4f55 k\u00e9t olvasat\u00e1t<\/a>: \u306a\u3093<\/strong> a \u3067\u3059\u304b-val \u00e9s olyan kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3kban, mint a \u4f55\u6b73 \u00e9s \u4f55\u6642; \u306a\u306b<\/strong> partikul\u00e1kkal olyan p\u00e9ld\u00e1kban, mint a \u4f55\u3092 \u00e9s \u4f55\u304c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
F\u0151leg ezt haszn\u00e1ld<\/th>Minta<\/th>P\u00e9lda<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u306a\u306b (nani)<\/strong><\/td>\u4f55 + partikula, mint a \u3092, \u304c, \u306b, \u3082 \u00e9s \u304b<\/td>\u4f55\u3092\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b<\/td><\/tr>\n
\u306a\u3093 (nan)<\/strong><\/td>\u4f55 + \u3067\u3059\uff0f\u3060<\/td>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/td><\/tr>\n
\u306a\u3093 (nan)<\/strong><\/td>\u4f55 + sz\u00e1ml\u00e1l\u00f3, m\u00e9rt\u00e9kegys\u00e9g vagy r\u00f6gz\u00fclt kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3<\/td>\u4f55\u6642\u3001\u4f55\u4eba\u3001\u4f55\u6b73<\/td><\/tr>\n
\u306a\u3093 (nan)<\/strong><\/td>\u4f55 + \u306e<\/td>\u4f55\u306e\u672c\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n

Ez a t\u00e1bl\u00e1zat egy gyakorlati szab\u00e1ly kezd\u0151knek. Vannak kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3k, amelyeket egys\u00e9gk\u00e9nt kell megtanulni, \u00e9s \u4f55\u3067<\/strong> k\u00fcl\u00f6n figyelmet \u00e9rdemel, mert a kiejt\u00e9s megv\u00e1ltoztathatja az \u00e9rtelmez\u00e9st.<\/p>\n\n

Mikor haszn\u00e1ljuk a nani (\u306a\u306b) form\u00e1t?<\/h2>\n\n

Haszn\u00e1ld \u306a\u306b<\/strong> a \u4f55-t, amikor k\u00e9rd\u0151sz\u00f3k\u00e9nt \u00e1ll olyan partikul\u00e1k el\u0151tt, amelyek a mondatban bet\u00f6lt\u00f6tt szerep\u00e9t jel\u00f6lik. Ez gyakran el\u0151fordul a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k el\u0151tt: \u3092<\/strong>, \u304c<\/strong>, \u306b<\/strong> e \u3082<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n

\u4f55\u3092\u98f2\u307f\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong>
\n\u306a\u306b\u3092 \u306e\u307f\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002
\nNani o nomimasu ka?<\/em>
\nMit fogsz inni?<\/p>\n\n

\u4f55\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong>
\n\u306a\u306b\u304c \u3072\u3064\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002
\nNani ga hitsuy\u014d desu ka?<\/em>
\nMire van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g?<\/p>\n\n

\u4f55\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong>
\n\u306a\u306b\u306b \u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002
\nNani ni shimasu ka?<\/em>
\nMelyiket v\u00e1lasztod?<\/p>\n\n

Ugyanez a minta jelenik meg a \u4f55\u304b<\/strong> (nanika<\/em>, \u201cvalami\u201d vagy \u201cvalamilyen dolog\u201d) \u00e9s a \u4f55\u3082<\/strong> (nanimo<\/em>) eset\u00e9ben. Negat\u00edv mondatokban, \u4f55\u3082<\/strong> costuma significar \u201cnada\u201d: \u4f55\u3082\u98df\u3079\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/strong> (Nanimo tabemasen<\/em>, \u201cN\u00e3o como nada\u201d). A Japan Foundation registra \u4f55\u304b como \u306a\u306b\u304b e \u4f55\u306b como \u306a\u306b\u306b<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

Para entender como essas palavras entram em uma pergunta completa, consulte o guia de k\u00e9rd\u00e9sek jap\u00e1nul<\/a> e a vis\u00e3o geral das Jap\u00e1n r\u00e9szecsk\u00e9k<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

Quando usar nan (\u306a\u3093)<\/h2>\n\n

Haszn\u00e1ld \u306a\u3093<\/strong> antes de \u3067\u3059<\/strong> e \u3060<\/strong>. Nesse ambiente, a forma curta torna a pron\u00fancia natural:<\/p>\n\n

\u3053\u308c\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong>
\n\u3053\u308c\u306f \u306a\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002
\nKore wa nan desu ka?<\/em>
\nEz meg mi?<\/p>\n\n

\u3042\u308c\u306f\u4f55\u3060\u3063\u305f\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u3042\u308c\u306f \u306a\u3093\u3060\u3063\u305f\uff1f
\nAre wa nan datta?<\/em>
\nO que era aquilo?<\/p>\n\n

A \u3067\u3059 jap\u00e1nul<\/a> explica a diferen\u00e7a de registro entre \u3067\u3059 e \u3060 e suas formas flexionadas.<\/p>\n\n

Nan<\/strong> tamb\u00e9m aparece em v\u00e1rias combina\u00e7\u00f5es com contadores, tempo e quantidade:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Forma<\/th>Olvas\u00e1s<\/th>Jelent\u00e9se<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u4f55\u6642<\/td>\u306a\u3093\u3058 \u2014 nanji<\/em><\/td>que horas<\/td><\/tr>\n
\u4f55\u4eba<\/td>\u306a\u3093\u306b\u3093 \u2014 nannin<\/em><\/td>quantas pessoas<\/td><\/tr>\n
\u4f55\u6b73<\/td>\u306a\u3093\u3055\u3044 \u2014 nansai<\/em><\/td>quantos anos de idade<\/td><\/tr>\n
\u4f55\u679a<\/td>\u306a\u3093\u307e\u3044 \u2014 nanmai<\/em><\/td>quantos objetos planos<\/td><\/tr>\n
\u4f55\u66dc\u65e5<\/td>\u306a\u3093\u3088\u3046\u3073 \u2014 nan-y\u014dbi<\/em><\/td>qual dia da semana<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n

N\u00e3o basta ver um substantivo depois de \u4f55 e escolher nan automaticamente. Aprenda cada combina\u00e7\u00e3o frequente com sua leitura. O guia de kanji japon\u00eas<\/a> mostra como estudar leituras dentro de palavras e contextos, em vez de decorar valores isolados.<\/p>\n\n

Por que \u4f55\u306e se l\u00ea nanno?<\/h2>\n\n

A combina\u00e7\u00e3o \u4f55\u306e<\/strong> elolvas\u00e1sra ker\u00fcl \u306a\u3093\u306e (nanno)<\/strong> e pergunta \u201cque\u201d, \u201cqual\u201d ou \u201cde qu\u00ea\u201d diante de um substantivo:<\/p>\n\n

\u3053\u308c\u306f\u4f55\u306e\u672c\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong>
\n\u3053\u308c\u306f \u306a\u3093\u306e \u307b\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002
\nKore wa nanno hon desu ka?<\/em>
\nQue livro \u00e9 este?<\/p>\n\n

\u4f55\u306e\u304a\u795d\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong>
\n\u306a\u3093\u306e \u304a\u3044\u308f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002
\nNanno oiwai desu ka?<\/em>
\nQual \u00e9 a ocasi\u00e3o da comemora\u00e7\u00e3o?<\/p>\n\n

O segundo exemplo e sua leitura aparecem no Irodori em uma atividade sobre comemora\u00e7\u00f5es<\/a>. Ele mostra por que \u201cpart\u00edcula depois de \u4f55\u201d \u00e9 apenas uma orienta\u00e7\u00e3o inicial: \u306e<\/strong> forma uma combina\u00e7\u00e3o consagrada com \u306a\u3093<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n

\u4f55\u3067: nanide ou nande?<\/h2>\n\n

Amikor \u3067<\/strong> marca instrumento, meio ou transporte, a leitura ensinada de forma clara para iniciantes \u00e9 \u306a\u306b\u3067 (nanide)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n

\u5b66\u6821\u307e\u3067\u4f55\u3067\u6765\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong>
\n\u304c\u3063\u3053\u3046\u307e\u3067 \u306a\u306b\u3067 \u304d\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002
\nGakk\u014d made nanide kimasu ka?<\/em>
\nComo voc\u00ea vem at\u00e9 a escola? \/ Por qual meio voc\u00ea vem?<\/p>\n\n

Esse uso \u00e9 confirmado pelo Irodori ao explicar perguntas sobre meio e transporte<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

Na fala cotidiana, \u306a\u3093\u3067 (nande)<\/strong> \u00e9 muito usado com o sentido de \u201cpor qu\u00ea\u201d. Como a escrita pode ser id\u00eantica, o contexto e a pron\u00fancia resolvem a interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o. Para evitar ambiguidade ao perguntar a raz\u00e3o, iniciantes tamb\u00e9m podem usar \u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066 (d\u014dshite)<\/strong> vagy \u306a\u305c (naze)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n

Por isso, a frase antiga \u3053\u306e\u30b1\u30fc\u30ad\u3092\u4f55\u3067\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b<\/strong>, com leitura \u306a\u306b\u3067<\/strong>, n\u00e3o pergunta \u201cqual bolo\u201d. Ela pergunta \u201cCom o que vamos comer este bolo?\u201d<\/strong>, por exemplo, com garfo ou colher.<\/p>\n\n

Erros comuns ao escolher nan ou nani<\/h2>\n\n