{"id":1751,"date":"2009-11-03T05:37:49","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T07:37:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1751"},"modified":"2026-08-11T16:49:38","modified_gmt":"2026-08-11T19:49:38","slug":"a-japan-igek-informalis-alakjai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/modo-informal-dos-verbos-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"A jap\u00e1n ig\u00e9k egyszer\u0171 alakjai: jelen, m\u00falt \u00e9s tagad\u00e1s"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A <strong>forma simples dos verbos em japon\u00eas<\/strong> n\u00e3o \u00e9 uma \u00fanica conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o. Ela re\u00fane quatro combina\u00e7\u00f5es: afirmativa e negativa no n\u00e3o-passado, al\u00e9m de afirmativa e negativa no passado. A forma de dicion\u00e1rio \u00e9 apenas a vers\u00e3o afirmativa do n\u00e3o-passado, como <strong>\u00cdrni<\/strong> (escrever) e <strong>\u98df\u3079\u308b<\/strong> (comer).<\/p>\n\n<p>Essas formas aparecem no fim de falas casuais, mas tamb\u00e9m dentro de constru\u00e7\u00f5es gramaticais usadas em frases polidas. Por isso, \u201cforma simples\u201d \u00e9 um nome mais preciso do que tratar todas elas apenas como \u201cmodo informal\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<h2>As quatro formas simples em uma tabela<\/h2>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>\u00c9rt\u00e9k<\/th><th>1. csoport<\/th><th>2. csoport<\/th><th>\u3059\u308b<\/th><th>\u6765\u308b<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>N\u00e3o-passado afirmativo<\/td><td>\u00cdrni<\/td><td>\u98df\u3079\u308b<\/td><td>\u3059\u308b<\/td><td>\u6765\u308b\uff08\u304f\u308b\uff09<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>N\u00e3o-passado negativo<\/td><td>Nem \u00edrok<\/td><td>nem eszem<\/td><td>nem<\/td><td>\u6765\u306a\u3044\uff08\u3053\u306a\u3044\uff09<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>M\u00faltbeli igenl\u0151<\/td><td>meg\u00edrta<\/td><td>\u98df\u3079\u305f<\/td><td>tett<\/td><td>\u6765\u305f\uff08\u304d\u305f\uff09<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Negat\u00edv m\u00falt<\/td><td>\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/td><td>\u98df\u3079\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/td><td>nem tette meg<\/td><td>\u6765\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff08\u3053\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff09<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>O <a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/reference\/001.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">quadro de formas polidas e simples do Marugoto<\/a>, da Japan Foundation, organiza exatamente essas quatro combina\u00e7\u00f5es. Ele tamb\u00e9m registra formas especiais importantes, como <strong>\u3042\u308b \u2192 \u306a\u3044<\/strong> e <strong>\u884c\u304f \u2192 \u884c\u3063\u305f<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Forma de dicion\u00e1rio n\u00e3o \u00e9 infinitivo<\/h2>\n\n<p>A forma de dicion\u00e1rio recebe esse nome porque \u00e9 a entrada usada para procurar um verbo. Ela n\u00e3o \u00e9 uma forma \u201cprimitiva\u201d nem corresponde perfeitamente ao infinitivo do portugu\u00eas. Em japon\u00eas, essa mesma forma j\u00e1 funciona como predicado e expressa um evento no <strong>n\u00e3o-passado<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>O n\u00e3o-passado pode indicar h\u00e1bito, verdade geral, estado atual ou futuro, conforme o verbo e o contexto:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6bce\u65e5\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u307e\u3044\u306b\u3061\u3001\u306b\u307b\u3093\u3054\u3092\u3079\u3093\u304d\u3087\u3046\u3059\u308b\u3002<br \/><em>Mainichi, Nihongo o benky\u014d suru.<\/em><br \/>Minden nap tanulok jap\u00e1nul.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u660e\u65e5\u3001\u53cb\u9054\u306b\u4f1a\u3046\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u3042\u3057\u305f\u3001\u3068\u3082\u3060\u3061\u306b\u3042\u3046\u3002<br \/><em>Ashita, tomodachi ni au.<\/em><br \/>Vou encontrar um amigo amanh\u00e3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Assim, chamar <strong>\u00cdrni<\/strong> apenas de \u201cpresente\u201d apaga uma diferen\u00e7a importante. O japon\u00eas op\u00f5e passado e n\u00e3o-passado; express\u00f5es como <strong>\u6bce\u65e5<\/strong> e <strong>\u660e\u65e5<\/strong> ajudam a definir a leitura temporal.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Primeiro, identifique o grupo do verbo<\/h2>\n\n<p>A transforma\u00e7\u00e3o depende do grupo. Se essa classifica\u00e7\u00e3o ainda causa d\u00favida, revise os <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/group-of-verbs-in-japan\/\">verbos godan, ichidan e irregulares<\/a> antes de aplicar as regras abaixo.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Grupo 1, ou godan:<\/strong> a \u00faltima mora muda, como em \u66f8\u304f, \u8aad\u3080 e \u5e30\u308b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Grupo 2, ou ichidan:<\/strong> o \u308b final \u00e9 retirado antes de v\u00e1rias termina\u00e7\u00f5es, como em \u898b\u308b e \u98df\u3079\u308b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Grupo 3:<\/strong> re\u00fane os padr\u00f5es de \u3059\u308b e \u6765\u308b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Nem todo verbo terminado em <em>-iru<\/em> vagy <em>-eru<\/em> pertence ao Grupo 2. <strong>\u5e30\u308b<\/strong>, <strong>\u8d70\u308b<\/strong>, <strong>\u5207\u308b<\/strong> e <strong>\u8981\u308b<\/strong>, por exemplo, s\u00e3o do Grupo 1.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Como formar o n\u00e3o-passado negativo<\/h2>\n\n<h3>Grupo 1: mude a \u00faltima mora para a linha de a<\/h3>\n\n<p>Nos verbos godan, a mora final passa para a correspondente com som de <em>a<\/em> e recebe <strong>\u306a\u3044<\/strong>. A termina\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>\u3046<\/strong> \u00e9 o caso especial: muda para <strong>\u308f<\/strong>, n\u00e3o para \u3042.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Termina\u00e7\u00e3o<\/th><th>Mudan\u00e7a<\/th><th>P\u00e9lda<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u3046<\/td><td>\u308f\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u8cb7\u3046 \u2192 \u8cb7\u308f\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u304f<\/td><td>\u304b\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u66f8\u304f \u2192 \u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3050<\/td><td>\u304c\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u6cf3\u3050 \u2192 \u6cf3\u304c\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3059<\/td><td>\u3055\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u8a71\u3059 \u2192 \u8a71\u3055\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3064<\/td><td>\u305f\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u5f85\u3064 \u2192 \u5f85\u305f\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u306c\u30fb\u3076\u30fb\u3080<\/td><td>\u306a\u306a\u3044\u30fb\u3070\u306a\u3044\u30fb\u307e\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u6b7b\u306c \u2192 \u6b7b\u306a\u306a\u3044; \u8aad\u3080 \u2192 \u8aad\u307e\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u308b<\/td><td>\u3089\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u5e30\u308b \u2192 \u5e30\u3089\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p><strong>\u3042\u308b<\/strong> \u00e9 especial: sua negativa simples \u00e9 <strong>\u306a\u3044<\/strong>, \u00e9s nem a <span aria-label=\"forma incorreta\">\u3042\u3089\u306a\u3044<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Grupos 2 e 3<\/h3>\n\n<p>No Grupo 2, retire <strong>\u308b<\/strong> e acrescente <strong>\u306a\u3044<\/strong>: <strong>\u898b\u308b \u2192 \u898b\u306a\u3044<\/strong> e <strong>\u98df\u3079\u308b \u2192 \u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044<\/strong>. No Grupo 3, memorize os dois padr\u00f5es centrais: <strong>\u3059\u308b \u2192 \u3057\u306a\u3044<\/strong> e <strong>\u6765\u308b \u2192 \u6765\u306a\u3044\uff08\u3053\u306a\u3044\uff09<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Como formar o passado afirmativo<\/h2>\n\n<p>O passado simples do Grupo 1 segue os mesmos agrupamentos sonoros da forma \u3066. O <a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/reference\/002.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ap\u00eandice de conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o verbal do Marugoto<\/a> permite comparar as formas de dicion\u00e1rio, \u3066, \u305f e \u306a\u3044 lado a lado.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Final do Grupo 1<\/th><th>M\u00falt<\/th><th>P\u00e9lda<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u3046\u30fb\u3064\u30fb\u308b<\/td><td>ta<\/td><td>\u8cb7\u3046 \u2192 \u8cb7\u3063\u305f; \u5f85\u3064 \u2192 \u5f85\u3063\u305f; \u5e30\u308b \u2192 \u5e30\u3063\u305f<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3080\u30fb\u3076\u30fb\u306c<\/td><td>na<\/td><td>\u8aad\u3080 \u2192 \u8aad\u3093\u3060; \u904a\u3076 \u2192 \u904a\u3093\u3060; \u6b7b\u306c \u2192 \u6b7b\u3093\u3060<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u304f<\/td><td>volt<\/td><td>\u66f8\u304f \u2192 \u66f8\u3044\u305f<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3050<\/td><td>ida<\/td><td>\u6cf3\u3050 \u2192 \u6cf3\u3044\u3060<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3059<\/td><td>tett<\/td><td>\u8a71\u3059 \u2192 \u8a71\u3057\u305f<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>A exce\u00e7\u00e3o mais frequente \u00e9 <strong>\u884c\u304f \u2192 \u884c\u3063\u305f<\/strong>. No Grupo 2, retire \u308b e acrescente \u305f: <strong>\u898b\u308b \u2192 \u898b\u305f<\/strong> e <strong>\u98df\u3079\u308b \u2192 \u98df\u3079\u305f<\/strong>. No Grupo 3, use <strong>\u3059\u308b \u2192 \u3057\u305f<\/strong> e <strong>\u6765\u308b \u2192 \u6765\u305f\uff08\u304d\u305f\uff09<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<!--Ads10-->\n\n<h2>Como formar o passado negativo<\/h2>\n\n<p>Depois de produzir a forma em <strong>\u306a\u3044<\/strong>, retire o <strong>\u3044<\/strong> final e acrescente <strong>\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/strong>. O procedimento vale para os tr\u00eas grupos:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044 \u2192 \u66f8\u304b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/strong> (n\u00e3o escreveu);<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044 \u2192 \u98df\u3079\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/strong> (n\u00e3o comeu);<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u3057\u306a\u3044 \u2192 \u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/strong> (n\u00e3o fez);<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6765\u306a\u3044 \u2192 \u6765\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/strong>\uff08\u3053\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f, n\u00e3o veio\uff09;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u306a\u3044 \u2192 \u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/strong> (n\u00e3o houve; n\u00e3o existiu, para \u3042\u308b).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Essa regularidade \u00e9 \u00fatil: em vez de decorar outra tabela inteira, voc\u00ea parte da negativa n\u00e3o-passada que j\u00e1 conhece.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Quando usar a forma simples<\/h2>\n\n<p>No fim da ora\u00e7\u00e3o principal, o estilo simples \u00e9 comum em conversas casuais. A escolha depende da rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre as pessoas e da situa\u00e7\u00e3o, n\u00e3o apenas de uma lista fixa de \u201camigos e fam\u00edlia\u201d. O material <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/pre-intermediate\/pdf\/ZZ_L09.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodori sobre os estilos polido e simples<\/a> enfatiza justamente essa adequa\u00e7\u00e3o ao interlocutor e ao contexto.<\/p>\n\n<p>Em uma conversa entre pessoas pr\u00f3ximas:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>A: \u660e\u65e5\u3001\u56f3\u66f8\u9928\u306b\u884c\u304f\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u3042\u3057\u305f\u3001\u3068\u3057\u3087\u304b\u3093\u306b\u3044\u304f\uff1f<br \/><em>Ashita, toshokan ni iku?<\/em><br \/>Vai \u00e0 biblioteca amanh\u00e3?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>B: \u3046\u3093\u3001\u884c\u304f\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Un, iku.<\/em><br \/>Sim, vou.<\/p>\n\n<p>Mas a forma simples tamb\u00e9m aparece dentro de frases polidas, antes de elementos que exigem essa conex\u00e3o:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304f\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u306b\u307b\u3093\u3078\u3044\u304f\u3068\u304a\u3082\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/><em>Nihon e iku to omoimasu.<\/em><br \/>Acho que vou ao Jap\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u884c\u304f<\/strong> est\u00e1 na forma simples antes de <strong>\u3068<\/strong>, enquanto <strong>\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong> mant\u00e9m o final polido. Isso mostra por que \u201cforma simples\u201d e \u201cfala informal\u201d n\u00e3o s\u00e3o exatamente a mesma coisa.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Forma simples antes de substantivos e outras estruturas<\/h2>\n\n<p>As quatro formas simples podem modificar diretamente um substantivo. As <a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/description\/016.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notas do Marugoto sobre verbo + substantivo<\/a> mostram o contraste completo entre <strong>\u98df\u3079\u308b<\/strong>, <strong>nem eszem<\/strong>, <strong>\u98df\u3079\u305f<\/strong> e <strong>\u98df\u3079\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u671d\u3054\u306f\u3093\u3092\u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u3042\u3055\u3054\u306f\u3093\u3092\u305f\u3079\u306a\u3044\u3072\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002<br \/><em>Asa-gohan o tabenai hito desu.<\/em><br \/>\u00c9 uma pessoa que n\u00e3o toma caf\u00e9 da manh\u00e3.<\/p>\n\n<p>Outras constru\u00e7\u00f5es frequentes incluem:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>verbo + \u3053\u3068:<\/strong> \u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068 (estudar japon\u00eas);<\/li>\n<li><strong>ora\u00e7\u00e3o + \u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059:<\/strong> \u6765\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059 (acho que vir\u00e1);<\/li>\n<li><strong>ora\u00e7\u00e3o + \u3093\u3067\u3059:<\/strong> \u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u805e\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3093\u3067\u3059 (\u00e9 que eu gostaria de perguntar algo);<\/li>\n<li><strong>verbo + substantivo:<\/strong> \u6628\u65e5\u8cb7\u3063\u305f\u672c (o livro que comprei ontem).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Para construir ora\u00e7\u00f5es completas com esses elementos, consulte tamb\u00e9m o guia sobre <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/hogyan-kell-mondatokat-alkotni-japanul\/\">hogyan kell mondatokat alkotni jap\u00e1nul<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Erros comuns com a forma simples<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Chamar a forma de dicion\u00e1rio de infinitivo:<\/strong> a compara\u00e7\u00e3o pode ajudar no in\u00edcio, mas n\u00e3o descreve todas as fun\u00e7\u00f5es japonesas.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Confundir forma simples com uma \u00fanica termina\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/strong> ela inclui \u308b, \u306a\u3044, \u305f e \u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f, conforme tempo e polaridade.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Traduzir o n\u00e3o-passado sempre como presente:<\/strong> <strong>\u660e\u65e5\u884c\u304f<\/strong> normalmente indica futuro.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Classificar todo verbo em -iru ou -eru como Grupo 2:<\/strong> confirme exce\u00e7\u00f5es como \u5e30\u308b e \u8d70\u308b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Usar a forma simples no fim de qualquer conversa:<\/strong> avalie rela\u00e7\u00e3o, situa\u00e7\u00e3o e grau de polidez esperado.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Inserir espa\u00e7os dentro da conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/strong> escreva <strong>\u8cb7\u308f\u306a\u3044<\/strong>, nem <span aria-label=\"forma incorreta\">Nem veszek<\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>Komment\u00e1lt gyakorlat<\/h2>\n\n<p>Transforme cada verbo nas quatro formas: n\u00e3o-passado afirmativo, n\u00e3o-passado negativo, passado afirmativo e passado negativo.<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u66f8\u304f:<\/strong> \u66f8\u304f\u30fb\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044\u30fb\u66f8\u3044\u305f\u30fb\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u98df\u3079\u308b:<\/strong> \u98df\u3079\u308b\u30fb\u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044\u30fb\u98df\u3079\u305f\u30fb\u98df\u3079\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u884c\u304f:<\/strong> \u884c\u304f\u30fb\u884c\u304b\u306a\u3044\u30fb\u884c\u3063\u305f\u30fb\u884c\u304b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f. O passado afirmativo \u00e9 especial.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u3059\u308b:<\/strong> \u3059\u308b\u30fb\u3057\u306a\u3044\u30fb\u3057\u305f\u30fb\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6765\u308b:<\/strong> \u6765\u308b\uff08\u304f\u308b\uff09\u30fb\u6765\u306a\u3044\uff08\u3053\u306a\u3044\uff09\u30fb\u6765\u305f\uff08\u304d\u305f\uff09\u30fb\u6765\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff08\u3053\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff09.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>Como regra de consulta r\u00e1pida: identifique o grupo, forme a negativa em \u306a\u3044, forme o passado em \u305f e derive o passado negativo trocando o \u3044 de \u306a\u3044 por \u304b\u3063\u305f.<\/p>\n\n<h2>K\u00f6vetkez\u0151 l\u00e9p\u00e9sek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Depois de dominar as quatro formas simples, compare-as com a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/a-japan-igek-masu-forma\/\">\u307e\u3059 alakj\u00e1val<\/a>. Em seguida, pratique a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/a-japan-igek-te-alakja\/\">forma \u3066<\/a> \u00e9s a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/a-japan-igek-potencialis-alakja\/\">potenci\u00e1lis form\u00e1t<\/a>. Para rever o lugar dessas formas no sistema do idioma, retorne aos <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/alapveto-japan-nyelvtan\/\">a jap\u00e1n nyelvtan alapjai<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-9d22e4e2ee8ce\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Mi a k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g az egyszer\u0171 alak \u00e9s a sz\u00f3t\u00e1ri alak k\u00f6z\u00f6tt?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>A sz\u00f3t\u00e1ri alak csak az egyszer\u0171, \u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3, nem-m\u00falt idej\u0171 forma, mint a \u66f8\u304f \u00e9s a \u98df\u3079\u308b. Az egyszer\u0171 alakok k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartoznak a \u306a\u3044, \u305f \u00e9s \u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f v\u00e1ltozatok is.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-e13f8d7309ae3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">A forma simples mindig inform\u00e1lis?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Nem. A f\u0151mondat v\u00e9g\u00e9n a egyszer\u0171 st\u00edlus jellemz\u0151je, \u00e9s \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban k\u00f6tetlen besz\u00e9lget\u00e9sekben fordul el\u0151. Ugyanakkor k\u00f6telez\u0151 olyan szerkezetekben is, mint ige + f\u0151n\u00e9v, \uff5e\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059 \u00e9s \uff5e\u3093\u3067\u3059, m\u00e9g akkor is, ha a mondat udvarias form\u00e1ban v\u00e9gz\u0151dik.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-a5d845164eeba\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">A sz\u00f3t\u00e1ri alak jelzi a jelen vagy a j\u00f6v\u0151 id\u0151t?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Ez a nem-m\u00falt id\u0151 egyik form\u00e1ja. Kifejezhet szok\u00e1st, jelenlegi \u00e1llapotot vagy j\u00f6v\u0151t az ige t\u00edpus\u00e1t\u00f3l \u00e9s a kontextust\u00f3l f\u00fcgg\u0151en. \u6bce\u65e5\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b egy szok\u00e1st \u00edr le; \u660e\u65e5\u884c\u304f \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban a j\u00f6v\u0151re utal.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-6e747724149b3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hogyan alakul ki a m\u00falt id\u0151 egyszer\u0171 negat\u00edv alakja?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Indulj ki a \u306a\u3044 tagad\u00f3 alakb\u00f3l, t\u00e1vol\u00edtsd el a v\u00e9gs\u0151 \u3044-t, \u00e9s add hozz\u00e1 a \u304b\u3063\u305f-t: \u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044-b\u0151l \u66f8\u304b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f lesz, \u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044-b\u0151l \u98df\u3079\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f, \u3057\u306a\u3044-b\u0151l \u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f, \u00e9s \u6765\u306a\u3044-b\u0151l \u6765\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-3e06913bb8830\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Minden ige, amely -iru vagy -eru v\u00e9gz\u0151d\u00e9s\u0171, a 2. csoportba tartozik?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Nem. Ez a v\u00e9gz\u0151d\u00e9s csak t\u00e1mpont. Az olyan ig\u00e9k, mint \u5e30\u308b, \u8d70\u308b, \u5207\u308b \u00e9s \u8981\u308b, az 1. csoportba tartoznak, \u00e9s a tagad\u00e1st \u3089\u306a\u3044 k\u00e9pz\u0151vel alkotj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tanuld meg a jap\u00e1n ig\u00e9k n\u00e9gy egyszer\u0171 alakj\u00e1t, ragozd a godan, ichidan \u00e9s rendhagy\u00f3 ig\u00e9ket, \u00e9s \u00e9rtsd meg, mikor haszn\u00e1ld az egyszer\u0171 st\u00edlust.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":1752,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,73],"tags":[27,71,2,3],"class_list":["post-1751","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-verbos-em-japones","tag-gramatica","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1751","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1751"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1751\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4420,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1751\/revisions\/4420"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1752"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1751"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1751"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1751"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}