{"id":1785,"date":"2009-11-03T05:57:29","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T07:57:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1785"},"modified":"2026-08-15T14:32:32","modified_gmt":"2026-08-15T17:32:32","slug":"a-japan-igek-te-alakja","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/forma-te-dos-verbos-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"A jap\u00e1n \u3066 forma: ragoz\u00e1s, t\u00e1bl\u00e1zat \u00e9s haszn\u00e1lat"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A <strong>\u3066 form\u00e1t jap\u00e1nul<\/strong> \u2014 m\u00e1s n\u00e9ven <em>form\u00e1ja<\/em> \u2014 \u00f6sszek\u00f6ti az ig\u00e9t m\u00e1s szavakkal \u00e9s szerkezetekkel. Megjelenik k\u00e9r\u00e9sekben, egym\u00e1st k\u00f6vet\u0151 cselekv\u00e9sekben, folyamatban l\u00e9v\u0151 helyzetekben, eredm\u00e9ny\u00e1llapotokban, enged\u00e9lyk\u00e9r\u00e9sekben \u00e9s sok m\u00e1s alapvet\u0151 szerkezetben.<\/p>\n\n<p>Egy fontos pont: a \u3066 forma \u00f6nmag\u00e1ban, <strong>nem jel\u00f6l m\u00faltat, jelent vagy j\u00f6v\u0151t<\/strong>. A teljes jelent\u00e9s att\u00f3l f\u00fcgg, hogy mi k\u00f6veti, \u00e9s a mondat kontextus\u00e1t\u00f3l.<\/p>\n\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1786 size-full alignleft\" title=\"Az ig\u00e9k TE alakja a jap\u00e1nban\" src=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/forma-te-dos-verbos-em-japones.jpg\" alt=\"Az ig\u00e9k TE alakja a jap\u00e1nban\" width=\"222\" height=\"150\" \/>\n\n<h2>Mi az a \u3066 forma?<\/h2>\n\n<p>A \u3066 forma egy olyan ragoz\u00e1s, amely az ig\u00e9t k\u00e9sz \u00e1llapotba hozza, hogy kapcsol\u00f3dhasson a mondat t\u00f6bbi r\u00e9sz\u00e9hez. Gondolj r\u00e1 \u00fagy, mint egy \u201ch\u00eddra\u201d: a ragozott ige \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban nem z\u00e1rja le a gondolatot, hanem egy k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 cselekv\u00e9shez vagy nyelvtani kifejez\u00e9shez vezet.<\/p>\n\n<p>P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a \u98df\u3079\u308b (<em>taberu<\/em>, enni) ige \u98df\u3079\u3066 (<em>tabete<\/em>) alakba ker\u00fcl. Innen l\u00e9trehozhatjuk a \u98df\u3079\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 (\u201cegy\u00e9l, k\u00e9rlek\u201d), a \u98df\u3079\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 (\u201ceszik\u201d vagy \u201cszokott enni\u201d, kontextust\u00f3l f\u00fcgg\u0151en) \u00e9s a \u98df\u3079\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b (\u201cehetek?\u201d) kifejez\u00e9seket.<\/p>\n\n<p>Miel\u0151tt a szab\u00e1lyokat tanulm\u00e1nyozn\u00e1d, \u00e9rdemes \u00e1tn\u00e9zni a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/group-of-verbs-in-japan\/\">jap\u00e1n igacsoportok<\/a>. A helyes v\u00e9gz\u0151d\u00e9s att\u00f3l f\u00fcgg, hogy az ige godan (1. csoport), ichidan (2. csoport) vagy rendhagy\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Hogyan k\u00e9pezz\u00fck az ig\u00e9k \u3066 form\u00e1j\u00e1t<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kezdd az ige sz\u00f3t\u00e1ri alakj\u00e1val. Ha fel kell id\u00e9zned, n\u00e9zd meg a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/a-japan-igek-informalis-alakjai\/\">a jap\u00e1n ig\u00e9k inform\u00e1lis alakjai<\/a>.  \u00fatmutat\u00f3t. Ezut\u00e1n alkalmazd a csoportnak \u00e9s a v\u00e9gz\u0151d\u00e9snek megfelel\u0151 szab\u00e1lyt.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Godan ig\u00e9k (1. csoport)<\/h3>\n\n<p>A godan ig\u00e9kn\u00e9l az utols\u00f3 sz\u00f3tag hat\u00e1rozza meg a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1st. A t\u00e1bl\u00e1zat \u00f6sszefoglalja a megjegyzend\u0151 mint\u00e1kat:<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>V\u00e9gz\u0151d\u00e9s<\/th>\n<th>V\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s<\/th>\n<th>P\u00e9lda<\/th>\n<th>\u3066 alak<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u3046, \u3064, \u308b<\/td>\n<td>\u3063\u3066<\/td>\n<td>\u8cb7\u3046 (<em>kau<\/em>, v\u00e1s\u00e1rl\u00e1s)<\/td>\n<td>\u8cb7\u3063\u3066 (<em>katte<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u3080, \u3076, \u306c<\/td>\n<td>\u3093\u3067<\/td>\n<td>\u98f2\u3080 (<em>nomu<\/em>, iv\u00e1s)<\/td>\n<td>\u98f2\u3093\u3067 (<em>nonde<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u304f<\/td>\n<td>\u3044\u3066<\/td>\n<td>\u66f8\u304f (<em>kaku<\/em>, \u00edr\u00e1s)<\/td>\n<td>\u66f8\u3044\u3066 (<em>kaite<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u3050<\/td>\n<td>\u3044\u3067<\/td>\n<td>\u6cf3\u3050 (<em>oyogu<\/em>, \u00fasz\u00e1s)<\/td>\n<td>\u6cf3\u3044\u3067 (<em>oyoide<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u3059<\/td>\n<td>\u3057\u3066<\/td>\n<td>\u8a71\u3059 (<em>hanasu<\/em>, besz\u00e9d)<\/td>\n<td>\u8a71\u3057\u3066 (<em>hanashite<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p><strong>Fontos kiv\u00e9tel:<\/strong> \u884c\u304f (<em>iku<\/em>, menni) \u304f-ra v\u00e9gz\u0151dik, de a \u3066 alakja \u884c\u3063\u3066 (<em>itte<\/em>), \u00e9s nem <s>\u884c\u3044\u3066<\/s>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Hasznos tr\u00fckk, ha megjegyezz\u00fck, hogy a \u3066 alak ugyanazt a hangmint\u00e1t k\u00f6veti, mint a m\u00falt idej\u0171 inform\u00e1lis alak: cser\u00e9lj\u00fck a \u305f-t \u3066-re, a \u3060-t pedig \u3067-re. \u00cdgy a \u98f2\u3093\u3060-b\u00f3l \u98f2\u3093\u3067 lesz, a \u66f8\u3044\u305f-b\u00f3l pedig \u66f8\u3044\u3066. A tr\u00fckk seg\u00edt az ellen\u0151rz\u00e9sben, de a fenti t\u00e1bl\u00e1zat alapj\u00e1n k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl is ragozhatunk.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Ichidan ig\u00e9k (2. csoport)<\/h3>\n\n<p>Az ichidan ig\u00e9kn\u00e9l t\u00e1vol\u00edtsuk el a v\u00e9gs\u0151 \u308b-t, \u00e9s adjuk hozz\u00e1 a \u3066-t:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u98df\u3079\u308b (<em>taberu<\/em>, enni) \u2192 \u98df\u3079\u3066 (<em>tabete<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>\u898b\u308b (<em>miru<\/em>, n\u00e9zni) \u2192 \u898b\u3066 (<em>mite<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>\u8d77\u304d\u308b (<em>okiru<\/em>, felkelni) \u2192 \u8d77\u304d\u3066 (<em>okite<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Figyelem: nem minden \u3044\u308b-ra vagy \u3048\u308b-ra v\u00e9gz\u0151d\u0151 ige ichidan. A \u5e30\u308b (<em>kaeru<\/em>, hazamenni) p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul godan, \u00e9s \u5e30\u3063\u3066 (<em>kaette<\/em>) lesz bel\u0151le. K\u00e9ts\u00e9g eset\u00e9n ellen\u0151rizz\u00fck a csoportot a sz\u00f3t\u00e1rban.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Rendhagy\u00f3 ig\u00e9k<\/h3>\n\n<p>A k\u00e9t legfontosabb rendhagy\u00f3 ig\u00e9nek saj\u00e1t alakjai vannak:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u3059\u308b (<em>suru<\/em>, csin\u00e1lni) \u2192 \u3057\u3066 (<em>shite<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>\u6765\u308b (<em>kuru<\/em>, j\u00f6nni) \u2192 \u6765\u3066 (<em>kite<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>A \u3059\u308b ig\u00e9vel alkotott \u00f6sszet\u00e9telek ugyanezt a mint\u00e1t k\u00f6vetik: \u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b (<em>benky\u014d suru<\/em>, tanulni) \u2192 \u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066 (<em>benky\u014d shite<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n<!--Ads10-->\n\n<h2>A \u3066 forma f\u0151bb haszn\u00e1latai<\/h2>\n\n<p>A ragoz\u00e1s megtanul\u00e1sa csak a kezdet. A \u3066 forma gyakorlati \u00e9rt\u00e9ke akkor mutatkozik meg, amikor egy m\u00e1sik cselekv\u00e9ssel vagy kifejez\u00e9ssel kombin\u00e1l\u00f3dik.<\/p>\n\n<h3>1. Cselekv\u00e9sek \u00f6sszekapcsol\u00e1sa sorrendben<\/h3>\n\n<p>Haszn\u00e1ld a \u3066 form\u00e1t az egym\u00e1s ut\u00e1n v\u00e9grehajtott cselekv\u00e9sek \u00f6sszekapcsol\u00e1s\u00e1ra. Az utols\u00f3 ige hordozza \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban a mondat idej\u00e9t \u00e9s formalit\u00e1si szintj\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u671d\u3054\u98ef\u3092\u98df\u3079\u3066\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u3078\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Asagohan o tabete, gakk\u014d e ikimashita.<\/em><br \/>Megreggeliztem, \u00e9s elmentem az iskol\u00e1ba.<\/p>\n\n<p>A \u98df\u3079\u3066 csak az els\u0151 cselekv\u00e9st k\u00f6ti \u00f6ssze. A \u884c\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f a mondat v\u00e9g\u00e9n helyezi a sorozatot m\u00falt id\u0151be \u00e9s udvarias regiszterbe.<\/p>\n\n<p>Az is lehets\u00e9ges, hogy egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171en jelezd, hogy az egyik cselekv\u00e9s a m\u00e1sik ut\u00e1n t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik, a \u3066\u304b\u3089 haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u5bbf\u984c\u3092\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u3092\u898b\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Shukudai o shite kara, terebi o mimasu.<\/em><br \/>A h\u00e1zi feladat elk\u00e9sz\u00edt\u00e9se ut\u00e1n t\u00e9v\u00e9t n\u00e9zek.<\/p>\n\n<h3>2. K\u00e9r\u00e9sek megfogalmaz\u00e1sa a \u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 kifejez\u00e9ssel<\/h3>\n\n<p>A szerkezet <strong>ige \u3066 form\u00e1ja + \u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044<\/strong> arra szolg\u00e1l, hogy k\u00e9rj\u00fcnk vagy utas\u00edtsunk valakit valamire.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u3053\u3053\u306b\u540d\u524d\u3092\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Koko ni namae o kaite kudasai.<\/em><br \/>\u00cdrd ide a neved, k\u00e9rlek.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u5ea6\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>M\u014d ichido itte kudasai.<\/em><br \/>Mondd m\u00e9g egyszer, k\u00e9rlek.<\/p>\n\n<p>A kontextus, a hanglejt\u00e9s \u00e9s a besz\u00e9l\u0151k k\u00f6z\u00f6tti kapcsolat befoly\u00e1solja az udvariass\u00e1g fok\u00e1t. A k\u00e9r\u00e9sek \u00e9s a k\u00f6zvetlen parancsok \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz l\u00e1sd m\u00e9g a cikket a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/felszolito-mondatok-japanul\/\">jap\u00e1n felsz\u00f3l\u00edt\u00f3 mondatok<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h3>3. Cselekv\u00e9s, szok\u00e1s vagy \u00e1llapot kifejez\u00e9se \u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/h3>\n\n<p>A <strong>forma \u3066 + \u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong> szerkezet nem mindig felel meg a portug\u00e1l gerundiumnak. Jelezhet folyamatban l\u00e9v\u0151 cselekv\u00e9st, szok\u00e1st vagy egy v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sb\u00f3l ered\u0151 \u00e1llapotot.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u4eca\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Ima, nihongo o benky\u014d shite imasu.<\/em><br \/>Most jap\u00e1nul tanulok. <strong>(folyamatban l\u00e9v\u0151 cselekv\u00e9s)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u6bce\u65e5\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Mainichi, nihongo o benky\u014d shite imasu.<\/em><br \/>Minden nap tanulok jap\u00e1nul. <strong>(szok\u00e1s)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Doa ga aite imasu.<\/em><br \/>Az ajt\u00f3 nyitva van. <strong>(ered\u0151 \u00e1llapot)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>Inform\u00e1lis regiszterben a \u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 megjelenhet \u3066\u3044\u308b form\u00e1ban is. K\u00f6tetlen besz\u00e9dben gyakoriak az olyan \u00f6sszevont form\u00e1k is, mint a \u3066\u308b, de \u00e9rdemes el\u0151bb az \u00e9p szerkezetet elsaj\u00e1t\u00edtani. A regiszterek k\u00f6z\u00f6tti k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g \u00e1ttekint\u00e9s\u00e9hez l\u00e1sd a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/a-japan-igek-masu-forma\/\">forma \u307e\u3059 dos verbos em japon\u00eas<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h3>4. Enged\u00e9ly k\u00e9r\u00e9se \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/h3>\n\n<p>Ha azt k\u00e9rdezi, hogy egy cselekv\u00e9s megengedett-e, haszn\u00e1lja a <strong>ige \u3066 alakja + \u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u5199\u771f\u3092\u64ae\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Koko de shashin o totte mo ii desu ka.<\/em><br \/>Le tudok itt f\u00e9nyk\u00e9pezni?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u3053\u306e\u672c\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Kono hon o yonde mo ii desu ka.<\/em><br \/>Posso ler este livro?<\/p>\n\n<p>Essa \u00e9 a estrutura b\u00e1sica para pedir permiss\u00e3o. O artigo sobre <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/hogyan-engedelyezzuk-es-tiltsuk-meg-japanul\/\">Hogyan lehet enged\u00e9lyezni \u00e9s tiltani jap\u00e1nul<\/a> aprofunda as respostas e as constru\u00e7\u00f5es de proibi\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n<h3>5. Experimentar uma a\u00e7\u00e3o com \u3066\u307f\u308b<\/h3>\n\n<p>A kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3 <strong>forma \u3066 + \u307f\u308b<\/strong> expressa a ideia de tentar ou experimentar fazer algo. Aqui, \u307f\u308b \u00e9 escrito normalmente em hiragana porque funciona como verbo auxiliar.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u3053\u306e\u6599\u7406\u3092\u98df\u3079\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Kono ry\u014dri o tabete mimasu.<\/em><br \/>Vou experimentar este prato.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3067\u8a71\u3057\u3066\u307f\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Nihongo de hanashite mite kudasai.<\/em><br \/>Tente falar em japon\u00eas, por favor.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Mini di\u00e1logo com a forma \u3066<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> \u3059\u307f\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e\u672c\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<br \/><em>Sumimasen. Kono hon o mite mo ii desu ka.<\/em><br \/>Com licen\u00e7a. Posso dar uma olhada neste livro?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>B:<\/strong> \u306f\u3044\u3001\u3069\u3046\u305e\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<br \/><em>Hai, d\u014dzo. Koko de yonde kudasai.<\/em><br \/>Sim, fique \u00e0 vontade. Leia aqui, por favor.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> \u3042\u308a\u304c\u3068\u3046\u3054\u3056\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5c11\u3057\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/><em>Arigat\u014d gozaimasu. Sukoshi yonde mimasu.<\/em><br \/>Muito obrigado. Vou tentar ler um pouco.<\/p>\n\n<p>Nesse di\u00e1logo, a mesma conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o aparece em tr\u00eas estruturas: \u898b\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b para permiss\u00e3o, \u8aad\u3093\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 para pedido e \u8aad\u3093\u3067\u307f\u307e\u3059 para experimentar uma a\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Erros comuns ao conjugar e usar a forma \u3066<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Tratar todo verbo em \u3044\u308b ou \u3048\u308b como ichidan:<\/strong> alguns s\u00e3o godan. \u5e30\u308b vira \u5e30\u3063\u3066, n\u00e3o <s>\u5e30\u3066<\/s>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Esquecer a exce\u00e7\u00e3o de \u884c\u304f:<\/strong> a forma correta \u00e9 \u884c\u3063\u3066.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Usar \u3066 no lugar de \u3067:<\/strong> verbos godan terminados em \u3080, \u3076 ou \u306c produzem \u3093\u3067; os terminados em \u3050 produzem \u3044\u3067.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Traduzir toda constru\u00e7\u00e3o \u3066\u3044\u308b como \u201cestar fazendo\u201d:<\/strong> ela tamb\u00e9m pode indicar h\u00e1bito ou estado resultante.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conjugar todos os verbos de uma sequ\u00eancia no passado:<\/strong> em geral, os verbos intermedi\u00e1rios ficam na forma \u3066 e o \u00faltimo marca o tempo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>Exerc\u00edcios de forma \u3066<\/h2>\n\n<p>Converta os verbos para a forma \u3066. Depois, complete as tr\u00eas frases.<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u66f8\u304f (<em>kaku<\/em>) \u2192 ______<\/li>\n<li>\u98f2\u3080 (<em>nomu<\/em>) \u2192 ______<\/li>\n<li>\u98df\u3079\u308b (<em>taberu<\/em>) \u2192 ______<\/li>\n<li>\u8a71\u3059 (<em>hanasu<\/em>) \u2192 ______<\/li>\n<li>\u884c\u304f (<em>iku<\/em>) \u2192 ______<\/li>\n<li>\u805e\u304f: \u3082\u3046\u4e00\u5ea6 ______ \u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<br \/>Ou\u00e7a mais uma vez, por favor.<\/li>\n<li>\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b: \u4eca\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092 ______ \u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>Most jap\u00e1nul tanulok.<\/li>\n<li>\u5165\u308b: \u3053\u3053\u306b ______ \u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<br \/>Posso entrar aqui?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details>\n<summary><strong>V\u00e1laszok megtekint\u00e9se<\/strong><\/summary>\n<ol>\n<li>\u66f8\u3044\u3066<\/li>\n<li>\u98f2\u3093\u3067<\/li>\n<li>\u98df\u3079\u3066<\/li>\n<li>\u8a71\u3057\u3066<\/li>\n<li>\u884c\u3063\u3066<\/li>\n<li>\u805e\u3044\u3066<\/li>\n<li>\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066<\/li>\n<li>\u5165\u3063\u3066<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n\n<h2>\u00d6sszefoglal\u00f3 \u00e9s k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 l\u00e9p\u00e9sek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Para formar a forma \u3066, identifique o grupo do verbo e aplique a troca da termina\u00e7\u00e3o. Nos godan, memorize os cinco padr\u00f5es da tabela; nos ichidan, retire \u308b e acrescente \u3066; nos irregulares, use \u3057\u3066 e \u6765\u3066. Lembre tamb\u00e9m da exce\u00e7\u00e3o \u884c\u304f \u2192 \u884c\u3063\u3066.<\/p>\n\n<p>Depois da conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o, observe a estrutura que vem a seguir: \u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 faz pedidos, \u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 pode indicar a\u00e7\u00e3o, h\u00e1bito ou estado, \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b pede permiss\u00e3o e \u3066\u307f\u308b expressa uma tentativa. Em sequ\u00eancias, o \u00faltimo verbo normalmente determina tempo e formalidade.<\/p>\n\n<p>Para organizar a continua\u00e7\u00e3o dos estudos, consulte o guia de <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/particulas-e-gramatica-japonesa\/\">jap\u00e1n partikul\u00e1k \u00e9s nyelvtan \u00fatmutat\u00f3j\u00e1t<\/a>. Quando estiver confort\u00e1vel com a forma \u3066, avance para a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/a-japan-igek-mashou-alakja\/\">forma \u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046 dos verbos<\/a> e aprenda a fazer convites e sugest\u00f5es.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-e9cc26f21282b\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Mi az a \u3066 forma jap\u00e1nul?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>A \u3066 forma egy olyan ragoz\u00e1s, amely a jap\u00e1n ig\u00e9t egy m\u00e1sik cselekv\u00e9shez vagy nyelvtani szerkezethez kapcsolja. R\u00e9szt vesz olyan szerkezetekben, mint a \u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044, \u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059, \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b \u00e9s a \u3066\u307f\u308b, de \u00f6nmag\u00e1ban nem jel\u00f6l igeid\u0151t.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-32a9f7870accd\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hogyan ragozzunk egy ig\u00e9t \u3066 alakban?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>A godan ig\u00e9kn\u00e9l a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s a v\u00e9gz\u0151d\u00e9st\u0151l f\u00fcgg: \u3046\u30fb\u3064\u30fb\u308b \u2192 \u3063\u3066; \u3080\u30fb\u3076\u30fb\u306c \u2192 \u3093\u3067; \u304f \u2192 \u3044\u3066; \u3050 \u2192 \u3044\u3067; \u00e9s \u3059 \u2192 \u3057\u3066. Az ichidan ig\u00e9kn\u00e9l elt\u00e1vol\u00edtjuk a \u308b-t, \u00e9s hozz\u00e1adjuk a \u3066-t. A f\u0151 rendhagy\u00f3 ig\u00e9k: \u3059\u308b \u2192 \u3057\u3066 \u00e9s \u6765\u308b \u2192 \u6765\u3066.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-c01a7f618b234\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Mi a k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g a \u3066 \u00e9s a \u3067 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a ragoz\u00e1sban?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>A k\u00e9t v\u00e9gz\u0151d\u00e9s ugyanazt a kapcsol\u00f3d\u00e1si funkci\u00f3t t\u00f6lti be, de az ige mint\u00e1ja hat\u00e1rozza meg, melyiket kell haszn\u00e1lni. A godan ig\u00e9k, amelyek \u3080, \u3076 vagy \u306c v\u00e9gz\u0151d\u00e9s\u0171ek, \u3093\u3067-t eredm\u00e9nyeznek, a \u3050 v\u00e9gz\u0151d\u00e9s\u0171ek pedig \u3044\u3067-t. A t\u00f6bbi minta \u3066-t haszn\u00e1l.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-fc34e80adc5df\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">A \u3066 forma jelen id\u0151t vagy m\u00falt id\u0151t jelez?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Nem. Az \u3066 forma \u00f6nmag\u00e1ban nem jel\u00f6li az id\u0151t. Egy cselekv\u00e9ssorozatban az utols\u00f3 ige szokta jelezni az id\u0151t \u00e9s a formalit\u00e1st. M\u00e1s szerkezetekben a seg\u00e9dige \u00e9s a kontextus eg\u00e9sz\u00edti ki a jelent\u00e9st.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-c441b891cb86e\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">A \u3066\u3044\u308b mindig azt jelenti, hogy \u201c\u00e9ppen csin\u00e1l valamit\u201d?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Nem. A \u3066\u3044\u308b le\u00edrhat folyamatban l\u00e9v\u0151 cselekv\u00e9st, szok\u00e1st vagy egy v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s eredm\u00e9nyek\u00e9nt l\u00e9trej\u00f6tt \u00e1llapotot. \u4eca\u3001\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 folyamatban l\u00e9v\u0151 cselekv\u00e9st jelez; \u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 egy nyitott ajt\u00f3 \u00e1llapot\u00e1t \u00edrja le.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>Forr\u00e1sok a tov\u00e1bbi elm\u00e9ly\u00fcl\u00e9shez<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/reference\/002.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marugoto \u2014 tabela de conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o verbal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/description\/006.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marugoto \u2014 pedidos com \u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 e a\u00e7\u00f5es em sequ\u00eancia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/description\/001.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marugoto \u2014 usos de \u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/description\/014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marugoto \u2014 permiss\u00e3o com \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/elementary01\/pdf\/Y_L12.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodori \u2014 \u3066\u307f\u308b e estados com \u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tanuld meg a \u3066 alak\u00fa ig\u00e9k ragoz\u00e1s\u00e1t \u00e9s a \u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044, \u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059, \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b, egym\u00e1st k\u00f6vet\u0151 cselekv\u00e9sek \u00e9s m\u00e1s alapvet\u0151 szerkezetek haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1788,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,73,60],"tags":[69,27,71,2,3],"class_list":["post-1785","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-verbos-em-japones","category-vocabulario-japones","tag-curso-japones-gratis","tag-gramatica","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1785","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1785"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1785\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4426,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1785\/revisions\/4426"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1788"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1785"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1785"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1785"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}