{"id":2140,"date":"2009-11-04T06:36:29","date_gmt":"2009-11-04T08:36:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2140"},"modified":"2026-08-15T23:36:43","modified_gmt":"2026-08-16T02:36:43","slug":"hogyan-engedelyezzuk-es-tiltsuk-meg-japanul","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/como-permitir-e-proibir-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Hogyan k\u00e9rj\u00fcnk enged\u00e9lyt \u00e9s tiltsunk meg jap\u00e1nul: \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044 \u00e9s \u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Az enged\u00e9ly k\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9hez jap\u00e1nul haszn\u00e1ld az ig\u00e9t \u3066 alakban, majd <strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span><\/strong>: <span lang=\"ja\">\u5ea7\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span> jelent\u00e9se: \u201cLe\u00fclhetek?\u201d. Ha azt akarod mondani, hogy egy cselekv\u00e9s nem megengedett, az alapminta <strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/strong> vagy <strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/strong>. A f\u0151 k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g az, hogy megk\u00e9rdezz\u00fck, hogy valami megengedett-e, vagy tilt\u00e1st \u00e1llap\u00edtunk meg.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ezek a szerkezetek a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/a-japan-igek-te-alakja\/\">jap\u00e1n ig\u00e9k \u3066 alakj\u00e1t\u00f3l<\/a>. f\u00fcggenek. Miut\u00e1n megtanultad a k\u00e9pz\u00e9s\u00e9t <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3066<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u8aad\u3093\u3067<\/span> e <span lang=\"ja\">\u3057\u3066<\/span>, alkalmazhatod ennek az \u00fatmutat\u00f3nak a mint\u00e1it sok ig\u00e9re.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Enged\u00e9ly \u00e9s tilt\u00e1s jap\u00e1nul: gyors \u00f6sszefoglal\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Funkci\u00f3<\/th><th>Szerkezet<\/th><th>P\u00e9lda<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Enged\u00e9ly k\u00e9r\u00e9se<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066 + \u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5165\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Enged\u00e9ly megad\u00e1sa<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066 + \u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5165\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Udvariasan tiltani<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066 + \u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5165\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Azt mondani, hogy nem szabad<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066 + \u306f\u3060\u3081\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5165\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>K\u00f6tetlen tilt\u00e1s<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3061\u3083\uff0fV\u3058\u3083 + \u3060\u3081<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5165\u3063\u3061\u3083\u3060\u3081<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>A t\u00e1bl\u00e1zatban, <strong>V\u3066<\/strong> a \u3066 alak\u00fa ig\u00e9t jel\u00f6li. A partikula, <span lang=\"ja\">\u306f<\/span>, hiragan\u00e1val \u00edrva <span lang=\"ja\">\u306f<\/span> \u00e9s \u00edgy kiejtve, <em>wa<\/em> ebben a funkci\u00f3ban r\u00e9szt vesz a tilt\u00f3 szerkezetekben. Ha ez a megk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6ztet\u00e9s m\u00e9g mindig k\u00e9ts\u00e9get okozna, n\u00e9zze meg a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/alapveto-reszecskek-japanul\/\">jap\u00e1n alap partikul\u00e1k \u00fatmutat\u00f3j\u00e1t<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Hogyan k\u00e9rj\u00fcnk enged\u00e9lyt a \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b kifejez\u00e9ssel<\/h2>\n\n<p>A leghasznosabb k\u00e9plet kezd\u0151knek:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">ige \u3066 alakja + \u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span> azt az \u00f6tletet adja hozz\u00e1 az ig\u00e9hez, hogy \u201crendben van, ha megteszem?\u201d. A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.erin.jpf.go.jp\/materials\/key-phrases\/download\/erin_lesson10_key-phrases_explanation.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Japan Foundation magyar\u00e1zata az enged\u00e9lyk\u00e9r\u00e9sr\u0151l<\/a> pontosan ezt a mint\u00e1t mutatja be, \u00e9s val\u00f3s helyzetekben haszn\u00e1lt igenl\u0151 \u00e9s nemleges v\u00e1laszokat is mutat.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u306b\u5ea7\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Koko ni suwatte mo ii desu ka?<\/em><br \/>\nLe\u00fclhetek ide?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u8f9e\u66f8\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Kono jisho o tsukatte mo ii desu ka?<\/em><br \/>\nHaszn\u00e1lhatom ezt a sz\u00f3t\u00e1rt?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u7a93\u3092\u958b\u3051\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Mado o akete mo ii desu ka?<\/em><br \/>\nKinyithatom az ablakot?<\/p>\n\n<p>Mivel a mondat m\u00e1r erre v\u00e9gz\u0151dik, <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span>, nem kell \u00fajabb k\u00e9rd\u0151 partikul\u00e1t hozz\u00e1adni. A cikk err\u0151l <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/hogyan-kell-japanul-kerdezni\/\">hogyan kell jap\u00e1nul k\u00e9rdezni<\/a> explica o papel de <span lang=\"ja\">\u304b<\/span> em outros tipos de pergunta.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Formas casuais e mais cuidadosas<\/h3>\n\n<p>Entre amigos, \u00e9 comum retirar <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span> e usar somente <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\uff1f<\/span>. Em uma conversa profissional ou ao pedir algo delicado, <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b<\/span> soa mais cuidadoso. O material <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/elementary01\/pdf\/Y_contents_en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodori Elementary 1, da Japan Foundation<\/a>, diferencia <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span> a <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b<\/span> em pedidos de permiss\u00e3o no trabalho.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u308c\u3001\u898b\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\uff1f<\/span> \u2014 Posso ver isto? Forma casual.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u5c11\u3057\u65e9\u304f\u5e30\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Posso ir embora um pouco mais cedo? Forma polida.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u660e\u65e5\u3001\u4f11\u3093\u3067\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Seria poss\u00edvel eu faltar amanh\u00e3? Forma mais cuidadosa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>Como dar ou negar permiss\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n<p>Para autorizar uma a\u00e7\u00e3o, voc\u00ea pode responder com <span lang=\"ja\">\u306f\u3044\u3001\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3088<\/span> (\u201cSim, pode\u201d) ou <span lang=\"ja\">\u3069\u3046\u305e<\/span> (\u201c\u00c0 vontade\u201d). Tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 poss\u00edvel usar a constru\u00e7\u00e3o afirmativa <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">Itt szabad f\u00e9nyk\u00e9pezni.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Koko de shashin o totte mo ii desu yo.<\/em><br \/>\nItt szabad f\u00e9nyk\u00e9pezni.<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u3082\u304b\u307e\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span> azt fejezi ki, hogy \u201cnem gond, ha megteszed\u201d, \u00e9s form\u00e1lis helyzetekben is el\u0151fordulhat:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">Ezt az \u00fcl\u00e9st nyugodtan haszn\u00e1lhatja.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Kono seki o tsukatte mo kamaimasen.<\/em><br \/>\nNem gond, ha ezt az \u00fcl\u00e9st haszn\u00e1lja.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ha udvariasan akarunk visszautas\u00edtani egy k\u00e9r\u00e9st, az olyan v\u00e1laszok, mint a <span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u307f\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3001\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u2026\u2026<\/span> vagy egy r\u00f6vid magyar\u00e1zat term\u00e9szetesebbek lehetnek, mint egy egyszer\u0171 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3044\u3044\u3044\u3048<\/span>. Szab\u00e1lyokban, figyelmeztet\u00e9sekben \u00e9s olyan helyzetekben azonban, amelyek egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171s\u00e9get ig\u00e9nyelnek, a k\u00f6zvetlen tilt\u00e1s megfelel\u0151.<\/p>\n\n<!--Ads6-->\n\n<h2>Hogyan tiltsunk a \u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093 \u00e9s a \u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081\u3067\u3059 kifejez\u00e9sekkel<\/h2>\n\n<p>A tilt\u00e1s alapvet\u0151 szerkezete:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">ige \u3066 form\u00e1ja + \u306f + \u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span> azt jelzi, hogy egy cselekv\u00e9s nem megengedett. A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpf.go.jp\/j\/project\/japanese\/teach\/tsushin\/grammar\/201603.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Japan Foundation elemz\u00e9se az utas\u00edt\u00e1sokr\u00f3l, parancsokr\u00f3l \u00e9s tilt\u00e1sokr\u00f3l<\/a> megjegyzi, hogy a <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044<\/span> a tilt\u00e1s egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171 \u00e9s er\u0151s form\u00e1ja. Ez\u00e9rt sz\u00e1m\u00edt a kontextus \u00e9s az emberek k\u00f6z\u00f6tti kapcsolat.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">Itt tilos doh\u00e1nyozni.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Koko de tabako o sutte wa ikemasen.<\/em><br \/>\nItt nem szabad doh\u00e1nyozni.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">Ebbe a szob\u00e1ba tilos bel\u00e9pni.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Kono heya ni haitte wa ikemasen.<\/em><br \/>\nNem lehet bel\u00e9pni ebbe a szob\u00e1ba.<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081\u3067\u3059<\/span> azt is jelzi, hogy valamit nem szabad megtenni. <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span> form\u00e1lisabb, \u00e9s f\u0151leg szab\u00e1lyokban, el\u0151\u00edr\u00e1sokban \u00e9s \u00edrott nyelvben fordul el\u0151.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u8a66\u9a13\u4e2d\u306b\u8f9e\u66f8\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span> \u2014 A vizsga alatt nem szabad sz\u00f3t\u00e1rt haszn\u00e1lni.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u306b\u8eca\u3092\u6b62\u3081\u3066\u306f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Tilos itt leparkolni az aut\u00f3t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>K\u00f6znyelvi \u00f6sszevon\u00e1sok: \u3061\u3083\u3060\u3081 \u00e9s \u3058\u3083\u3060\u3081<\/h3>\n\n<p>K\u00f6tetlen besz\u00e9dben a, <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f<\/span> \u00f6sszevonhat\u00f3 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3061\u3083<\/span>, m\u00edg <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u306f<\/span> v\u00e1lhat <span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083<\/span>. \u00cdgy a, <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081<\/span> \u00edgy lesz <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3061\u3083\u3060\u3081<\/span>, e <span lang=\"ja\">\u98f2\u3093\u3067\u306f\u3060\u3081<\/span> \u00edgy lesz <span lang=\"ja\">\u98f2\u3093\u3058\u3083\u3060\u3081<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u3067\u98df\u3079\u3061\u3083\u3060\u3081\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Koko de tabecha dame.<\/em><br \/>\nItt nem szabad enni.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u6c34\u3092\u98f2\u3093\u3058\u3083\u3060\u3081\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Kono mizu o nonja dame.<\/em><br \/>\nNe igy\u00e1l ebb\u0151l a v\u00edzb\u0151l.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ezek a r\u00f6vid\u00edt\u00e9sek term\u00e9szetesek a besz\u00e9lget\u00e9sekben, de er\u0151snek t\u0171nhetnek. Ismeretlen emberekkel vagy \u00fcgyf\u00e9lszolg\u00e1laton r\u00e9szes\u00edtsd el\u0151nyben a udvarias form\u00e1t, vagy magyar\u00e1zd el az okot.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Az enged\u00e9ly nem ugyanaz, mint a k\u00e9pess\u00e9g<\/h2>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044<\/span> arr\u00f3l sz\u00f3l, hogy <strong>enged\u00e9ly<\/strong>; <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span> vagy a potenci\u00e1lis forma els\u0151sorban <strong>k\u00e9pess\u00e9gr\u0151l vagy lehet\u0151s\u00e9gr\u0151l<\/strong>. h\u00edvnak. Hasonl\u00edtsd \u00f6ssze:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">Itt szabad \u00faszni.<\/span> \u2014 Itt szabad \u00faszni.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">Itt lehet \u00faszni.<\/span> \u2014 Itt lehet \u00faszni.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Portug\u00e1lul mindk\u00e9t mondat tartalmazhatja a \u201cpoder\u201d sz\u00f3t, de a m\u00f6g\u00f6tt\u00fck l\u00e9v\u0151 k\u00e9rd\u00e9s m\u00e1s: \u201cvan enged\u00e9lyem?\u201d vagy \u201cez lehets\u00e9ges?\u201d. L\u00e1sd a teljes magyar\u00e1zatot a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/koto-ga-dekiru-tudni-es-nem-tudni-japanul\/\">koto ga dekiru a k\u00e9pess\u00e9gr\u0151l \u00e9s lehet\u0151s\u00e9gr\u0151l<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>H\u00e1rom k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g, amely elker\u00fcli a hib\u00e1kat<\/h2>\n\n<h3>\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093 versus \u306a\u3044\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044<\/h3>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span> azt \u00e1ll\u00edtja, hogy a cselekv\u00e9s tilos. <span lang=\"ja\">V\u306a\u3044\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044<\/span> azt k\u00e9ri, hogy a szem\u00e9ly ne tegyen valamit. A m\u00e1sodik forma egy negat\u00edv k\u00e9r\u00e9s, \u00e9s megfelel\u0151bb lehet, ha k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl besz\u00e9lsz valakivel. A <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/felszolito-mondatok-japanul\/\">felsz\u00f3l\u00edt\u00f3 mondatok \u00e9s k\u00e9r\u00e9sek jap\u00e1nul<\/a> \u00fatmutat\u00f3 m\u00e1s opci\u00f3kat \u00e9s azok er\u0151ss\u00e9gi szintjeit mutatja.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">Itt tilos f\u00e9nyk\u00e9pezni.<\/span> \u2014 Itt nem szabad f\u00e9nyk\u00e9pezni.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u3067\u5199\u771f\u3092\u64ae\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/span> \u2014 K\u00e9rlek, ne f\u00e9nyk\u00e9pezz itt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093 versus \u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/h3>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">V\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span> nem azt jelenti, hogy \u201cnem szabad\u201d. Azt jelenti, hogy <strong>nem sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges<\/strong> elv\u00e9gezni a cselekv\u00e9st.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u6765\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Nem kell ma elj\u00f6nn\u00f6d.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u6765\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Ma nem j\u00f6hetsz el.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>Ne hagyd el a \u3082-t semmilyen kontextusban<\/h3>\n\n<p>Besz\u00e9dben hallhatod <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3044\u3044\uff1f<\/span> ahelyett, hogy <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\uff1f<\/span>. A kezd\u0151knek a megtart\u00e1sa <span lang=\"ja\">\u3082<\/span> seg\u00edt felismerni a szerkezetet, \u00e9s megakad\u00e1lyozza, hogy az elhagy\u00e1st olyan kontextusokra is kiterjeszd, ahol az nem hangzik term\u00e9szetesen.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Mini p\u00e1rbesz\u00e9d: enged\u00e9lyk\u00e9r\u00e9s<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u307f\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u5199\u771f\u3092\u64ae\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<em>Sumimasen, koko de shashin o totte mo ii desu ka?<\/em><br \/>\nEln\u00e9z\u00e9st, lef\u00e9nyk\u00e9pezhetek itt?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>B:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u7533\u3057\u8a33\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u9928\u5185\u3067\u306f\u5199\u771f\u3092\u64ae\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<em>M\u014dshiwake arimasen. Kannai de wa shashin o totte wa ikemasen.<\/em><br \/>\nSajn\u00e1lom, az \u00e9p\u00fcleten bel\u00fcl nem szabad f\u00e9nyk\u00e9pezni.<\/p>\n\n<p>A p\u00e1rbesz\u00e9d egy udvarias k\u00e9r\u00e9st egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171 tilt\u00e1ssal \u00e9s r\u00f6vid bocs\u00e1natk\u00e9r\u00e9ssel kombin\u00e1l. Ez a minta m\u0171k\u00f6dik \u00fczletekben, m\u00fazeumokban, iskol\u00e1kban \u00e9s m\u00e1s helyeken, ahol saj\u00e1t szab\u00e1lyok vannak.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Gyors gyakorlat<\/h2>\n\n<p>Eg\u00e9sz\u00edtsd ki a mondatokat a legmegfelel\u0151bb opci\u00f3val.<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u3053\u306b\u5ea7\u3063\u3066\uff08\u3000\u3000\u3000\uff09\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Le\u00fclhetek ide?<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u90e8\u5c4b\u306b\u5165\u3063\u3066\u306f\uff08\u3000\u3000\u3000\uff09\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Ebbe a szob\u00e1ba nem szabad bemenni.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u660e\u65e5\u306f\u6765\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\uff08\u3000\u3000\u3000\uff09\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Holnap nem kell elj\u00f6nn\u00f6d.<\/li>\n<li>Alak\u00edtsd \u00e1t <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081<\/span> k\u00f6znyelvi \u00f6sszevont form\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p><strong>V\u00e1laszok:<\/strong> 1. <span lang=\"ja\">az is j\u00f3<\/span>; 2. <span lang=\"ja\">Nem szabad<\/span>; 3. <span lang=\"ja\">\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span>; 4. <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u3061\u3083\u3060\u3081<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Amit \u00e9rdemes megjegyezni<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li>Haszn\u00e1ld <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span> enged\u00e9ly k\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9hez.<\/li>\n<li>Haszn\u00e1ld <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span> vagy <span lang=\"ja\">\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3088<\/span> enged\u00e9ly megad\u00e1s\u00e1hoz.<\/li>\n<li>Haszn\u00e1ld <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span> vagy <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081\u3067\u3059<\/span> tilt\u00e1shoz.<\/li>\n<li>K\u00f6tetlen besz\u00e9dben a, <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u306f\uff0f\u3067\u306f<\/span> \u00e1tv\u00e1ltozhat <span lang=\"ja\">\u3061\u3083\uff0f\u3058\u3083<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>Ne keverd \u00f6ssze a \u201cnem szabad\u201d kifejez\u00e9st a <span lang=\"ja\">V\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044<\/span>, ami azt jelenti, hogy \u201cnem kell\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Ha \u00e1t szeretn\u00e9d n\u00e9zni, hogyan illeszkednek ezek a szerkezetek teljes mondatokba, t\u00e9rj vissza a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/alapveto-japan-nyelvtan\/\">a jap\u00e1n nyelvtan alapjai<\/a> \u00e9s gyakorolj k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 ig\u00e9kkel a \u3066 form\u00e1ban.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-36b6292b51109\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hogyan k\u00e9rj\u00fcnk enged\u00e9lyt jap\u00e1nul?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Haszn\u00e1ld az ig\u00e9t \u3066 form\u00e1ban, majd \u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul, \u3053\u3053\u306b\u5ea7\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b azt jelenti, hogy \u2018Le\u00fclhetek ide?\u2019.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-fed5ce274559a\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hogyan mondjuk, hogy valaki megtehet valamit, mert enged\u00e9lye van r\u00e1?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Use V\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059 vagy v\u00e1laszolj \u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3088 \u00e9s \u3069\u3046\u305e kifejez\u00e9sekkel. \u5199\u771f\u3092\u64ae\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059 azt jelenti, hogy szabad f\u00e9nyk\u00e9pezni.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-91ae2d6b54d02\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Mi a k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g a \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044 \u00e9s a \u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b k\u00f6z\u00f6tt?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044 enged\u00e9lyt fejez ki. \u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b \u00e9s a potenci\u00e1lis forma els\u0151sorban k\u00e9pess\u00e9get vagy lehet\u0151s\u00e9get jelez, b\u00e1r a kontextus n\u00e9ha k\u00f6zel\u00edti a ford\u00edt\u00e1sokat.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-49ee624337a71\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Mit jelent a \u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Ez egy tilt\u00e1st kifejez\u0151 szerkezet: azt jelzi, hogy egy adott cselekv\u00e9s nem megengedett. A \u3066 alak\u00fa ig\u00e9t a \u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093 k\u00f6veti.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-14b019ec3670d\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Mit jelent a \u3061\u3083\u3060\u3081?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Ez a tilt\u00e1s egy inform\u00e1lis m\u00f3dja. A \u3061\u3083 a \u3066\u306f \u00f6sszevon\u00e1s\u00e1b\u00f3l ered; \u00edgy a \u98df\u3079\u3066\u306f\u3060\u3081-b\u0151l \u98df\u3079\u3061\u3083\u3060\u3081 lehet.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-7c70240481605\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">A \u201e\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u201d azt jelenti, hogy nem lehet valamit csin\u00e1lni?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Nem. A V\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044 azt jelenti, hogy nem sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges elv\u00e9gezni a cselekv\u00e9st. A V\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044 azt jelzi, hogy a cselekv\u00e9s nem megengedett.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-9bfe42985f9b6\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Mikor haszn\u00e1ljam a \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b-t?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Haszn\u00e1lja ezt a form\u00e1t, ha \u00f3vatosabban szeretne enged\u00e9lyt k\u00e9rni, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen szakmai helyzetekben vagy k\u00e9nyes k\u00e9r\u00e9s eset\u00e9n.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-da3c0874f440c\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hogyan v\u00e1laszoljunk egy enged\u00e9lyk\u00e9r\u00e9sre jap\u00e1nul?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Az enged\u00e9lyez\u00e9shez haszn\u00e1lja a \u306f\u3044\u3001\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3088 vagy \u3069\u3046\u305e kifejez\u00e9st. A finom elutas\u00edt\u00e1shoz egy r\u00f6vid bocs\u00e1natk\u00e9r\u00e9s vagy magyar\u00e1zat term\u00e9szetesebben hangzik, mint a puszta \u3044\u3044\u3048.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tanuld meg, hogyan k\u00e9rj \u00e9s adj enged\u00e9lyt jap\u00e1nul, fogalmazz meg tilt\u00e1sokat, \u00e9s k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6ztesd meg a \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044, \u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093, \u3061\u3083\u3060\u3081 \u00e9s \u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044 kifejez\u00e9seket.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":2143,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,73],"tags":[69,2,3],"class_list":["post-2140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-verbos-em-japones","tag-curso-japones-gratis","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2140","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2140"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2140\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4440,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2140\/revisions\/4440"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2143"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2140"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}