{"id":1665,"date":"2009-11-03T04:43:39","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T06:43:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1665"},"modified":"2026-08-09T13:52:00","modified_gmt":"2026-08-09T16:52:00","slug":"desu-the-be-in-%ec%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8%ec%96%b4-%eb%8f%99%ec%82%ac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/desu-o-verbo-ser-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4 '\u3067\u3059(desu)': \uc758\ubbf8, \uc6a9\ubc95 \ubc0f \ud615\ud0dc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u3067\u3059 (<em>\ub370\uc2a4<\/em>)<\/strong> \u00e9 uma forma educada usada no fim de muitas frases japonesas. Em portugu\u00eas, ela pode aparecer em tradu\u00e7\u00f5es como \u201c\u00e9\u201d, \u201cest\u00e1\u201d, \u201csou\u201d ou \u201cs\u00e3o\u201d, mas n\u00e3o funciona como um verbo \u201cser\u201d que possa ser colocado em qualquer frase. O papel de <span lang=\"ja\">\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span> depende do tipo de predicado que vem antes dele.<\/p>\n\n<p>A regra pr\u00e1tica \u00e9: use <span lang=\"ja\">\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span> principalmente depois de substantivos e adjetivos \u306a em frases educadas. Depois de adjetivos \u3044, ele acrescenta polidez, enquanto o pr\u00f3prio adjetivo expressa e flexiona o estado. Com verbos, a forma educada normalmente termina em <span lang=\"ja\">\ub9c8\uc2a4<\/span>, n\u00e3o em <span lang=\"ja\">\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c desu\ub294 \ubb34\uc2a8 \ub73b\uc778\uac00\uc694?<\/h2>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span> ajuda a formar um predicado educado. Compare tr\u00eas tipos de frase:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\ud0c0\ub098\uce74 \uc528\ub294 \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><br \/><em>\ud0c0\ub098\uce74 \uc528\ub294 \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/em><br \/>Tanaka \u00e9 professor.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u753a\u306f\u9759\u304b\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kono machi wa shizuka desu.<\/em><br \/>Esta cidade \u00e9 tranquila.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\uc624\ub298\uc740 \ub365\ub124\uc694.<\/span><br \/><em>\uc624\ub298\uc740 \ub365\ub124\uc694.<\/em><br \/>Hoje est\u00e1 quente.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Na primeira frase, <span lang=\"ja\">\u5148\u751f<\/span> \u00e9 um substantivo. Na segunda, <span lang=\"ja\">\u9759\u304b<\/span> \u00e9 um adjetivo \u306a. Na terceira, <span lang=\"ja\">\u6691\u3044<\/span> \u00e9 um adjetivo \u3044: ele j\u00e1 cont\u00e9m a ideia de \u201cestar quente\u201d, e <span lang=\"ja\">\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span> deixa a frase educada.<\/p>\n\n<p>Essa diferen\u00e7a evita traduzir cada parte mecanicamente. Para entender como o predicado organiza a frase, consulte o guia sobre <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/%ec%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8%ec%96%b4%eb%a1%9c-%eb%ac%b8%ea%b5%ac%eb%a5%bc-%eb%a7%8c%eb%93%9c%eb%8a%94-%eb%b0%a9%eb%b2%95\/\">\uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4\ub85c \ubb38\uc7a5\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Desu n\u00e3o \u00e9 um verbo \u201cser\u201d universal<\/h2>\n\n<p>Chamar <span lang=\"ja\">\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span> de \u201cverbo ser\u201d pode ajudar em uma primeira tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, mas cria erros quando vira uma regra absoluta. Ele n\u00e3o substitui todos os usos de \u201cser\u201d e \u201cestar\u201d do portugu\u00eas, nem deve ser acrescentado depois de qualquer verbo japon\u00eas.<\/p>\n\n<p>Um verbo na forma educada usa normalmente <span lang=\"ja\">\ub9c8\uc2a4<\/span>:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Correto:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\ub9e4\uc77c \uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4\ub97c \uacf5\ubd80\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><br \/><em>\ub9e4\uc77c, \uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4\ub97c \uacf5\ubd80\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/em><br \/>\ub098\ub294 \ub9e4\uc77c \uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4\ub97c \uacf5\ubd80\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Incorreto:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\ub9e4\uc77c \uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4\ub97c \uacf5\ubd80\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>\u201cestar'\uc640 \uc77c\ub300\uc77c\ub85c \ub300\uc751\ud558\ub294 \ud45c\ud604\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uace0 <span lang=\"ja\">\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span>. \uc874\uc7ac, \uc704\uce58, \uc9c4\ud589 \uc911\uc778 \ub3d9\uc791, \uc0c1\ud0dc \ubcc0\ud654\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uba3c\uc800 \uba85\uc0ac, \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac, \ub3d9\uc0ac\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \ubc30\uc6b0\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc88b\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/%ea%b8%b0%ec%b4%88-%ec%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8%ec%96%b4-%eb%ac%b8%eb%b2%95\/\">\ucd08\ubcf4\uc790\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4 \ubb38\ubc95<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\uba85\uc0ac\uc640 \u306a\ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\uc758 \uacf5\uc190\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc<\/h2>\n\n<p>\uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4\ub294 \uc8fc\ub85c <strong>\ube44\uacfc\uac70<\/strong> \uacfc <strong>\uacfc\uac70<\/strong>. \ube44\uacfc\uac70\ub294 \ud604\uc7ac, \uc2b5\uad00 \ub610\ub294 \ubbf8\ub798 \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubb38\ub9e5\uc774 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \ud574\uc11d\uc744 \uacb0\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/elementary01\/pdf\/Y_L04.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodori \ubb38\ubc95 \ud45c<\/a> \ub294 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ub300\ub9bd\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uace0 \uba85\uc0ac, \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac, \ub3d9\uc0ac\ub97c \uad6c\ubd84\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>\uac00\uce58<\/th><th>\uacf5\uc190\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc<\/th><th>\uba85\uc0ac \uc608\ubb38<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\ube44\uacfc\uac70 \uae0d\uc815<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u4f11\u307f\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/>\uc624\ub298\uc740 \ud734\uc77c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\ube44\uacfc\uac70 \ubd80\uc815<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u4f11\u307f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/>\uc624\ub298\uc740 \ud734\uc77c\uc774 \uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\uae0d\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uacfc\uac70<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\ub85c \ud588\ub2e4<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6628\u65e5\u306f\u4f11\u307f\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><br \/>\uc5b4\uc81c\ub294 \ud734\uc77c\uc774\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\ubd80\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uacfc\uac70<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\uc73c\ub85c \ud588\ub2e4<\/span><br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\uc73c\ub85c \ud588\ub2e4<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6628\u65e5\u306f\u4f11\u307f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/>\uc5b4\uc81c\ub294 \ud734\uc77c\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083<\/span> \ub294 \uad6c\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c \ud754\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u306f<\/span> \ub294 \ubb38\uc5b4\uc640 \uaca9\uc2dd \uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \ub354 \uc790\uc8fc \ub098\ud0c0\ub0a9\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc774 <span lang=\"ja\">\uadf8\ub807\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4<\/span> \u201c\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c'\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc120\ud0dd\uc740 \ub4f1\ub85d\uacfc \uad6c\uc870\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. Irodori\uc758 \ucd08\uae30 \uc790\ub8cc\uac00 \uc774\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/starter\/pdf\/X_L03.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\ubd80\uc815\ud615 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span> \uacfc <span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/a> \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc120\ud638 \uc774\uc720\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u306f<\/span> \uae00\uc4f0\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\ub370\uc2a4\uc640 \ub2e4\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\uc810\uc740 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00\uc694?<\/h2>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span> \uacf5\uc190\ud55c \uc2a4\ud0c0\uc77c\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4; <span lang=\"ja\">\u3060<\/span> \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \uc2a4\ud0c0\uc77c\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. <span lang=\"ja\">\u3060<\/span> \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uc9e7\uc740 \ubc1c\uc74c\uc774 \uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4 <span lang=\"ja\">\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span>. \uad50\uccb4\ub294 \ubb38\uc7a5\uc758 \ub808\uc9c0\uc2a4\ud130\ub97c \ubc14\uafb8\uba70 \uc0c1\ud669\uacfc \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \ubc1c\ud654\uc640 \ub9de\uc544\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>\uac00\uce58<\/th><th>\uacf5\uc190\ud55c \uc2a4\ud0c0\uc77c<\/th><th>\uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \uc2a4\ud0c0\uc77c<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\ube44\uacfc\uac70 \uae0d\uc815<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3060<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\ube44\uacfc\uac70 \ubd80\uc815<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\uae0d\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uacfc\uac70<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3060\u3063\u305f<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\ubd80\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uacfc\uac70<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>\ube44\uacf5\uc2dd \ub300\ud654\uc5d0\uc11c <span lang=\"ja\">\u3060<\/span> \ub05d\uc740 \ud2b9\uc815 \ubb38\uc7a5, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc9e7\uc740 \uc9c8\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0dd\ub7b5\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4: <span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\uff1f<\/span> (\u201c\ud559\uc0dd\uc785\ub2c8\uae4c?\u201d). \uc774\uac83\uc740 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3060<\/span> \uacfc <span lang=\"ja\">\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span> \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc0c1\ud638 \uad50\ud658 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\ub294 \uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/elementary01\/pdf\/Y_L18.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\uc77c\ubcf8 \uc7ac\ub2e8\uc758 \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc \ud45c\ub294<\/a> \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \uae30\ub85d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3060\uff0f\u3060\u3063\u305f\uff0f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\uff0f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span> \uba85\uc0ac\uc640 \u306a\ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u3044\ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 desu\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc791\ub3d9\ud558\ub098\uc694?<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u3044\ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\ub294 \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \ubcc0\ud658\ud558\uc9c0 \ub9c8\uc138\uc694 <span lang=\"ja\">\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span> ~\uc5d0 <span lang=\"ja\">\ub85c \ud588\ub2e4<\/span>. \ubcc0\ud654\ub294 \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0a9\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>\uac00\uce58<\/th><th>\ud615\ud0dc<\/th><th>\ubc88\uc5ed<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\ube44\uacfc\uac70 \uae0d\uc815<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><em>takai desu<\/em><\/td><td>\ube44\uc309\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\ube44\uacfc\uac70 \ubd80\uc815<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><em>takakunai desu<\/em><\/td><td>\ube44\uc2f8\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\uae0d\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uacfc\uac70<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><em>takakatta desu<\/em><\/td><td>\ube44\uc30c\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\ubd80\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uacfc\uac70<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><em>takakunakatta desu<\/em><\/td><td>\ube44\uc2f8\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>\ub530\ub77c\uc11c, <span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u3044\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span> \ub294 \uc62c\ubc14\ub974\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ud65c\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ub354 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\ub824\uba74 <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/%ec%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8%ec%96%b4-%ed%98%95%ec%9a%a9%ec%82%ac-%ec%82%ac%ec%9a%a9%eb%b2%95\/\">\uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>desu\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubc1c\uc74c\ud558\ub098\uc694?<\/h2>\n\n<p>\uc77d\uae30\ub294 <em>\ub370\uc2a4<\/em>. \ub9ce\uc740 \ubc29\uc5b8\uacfc \ubc1c\ud654 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 <em>\uc720<\/em> \ubaa8\uc74c\uc740 \uc57d\ud574\uc9c0\uac70\ub098 \ubb34\uc131\uc74c\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4 \u201cdes'\uc5d0 \uac00\uae5d\uac8c \ub4e4\ub9bd\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \uac15\uc81c\ub85c \uc18c\ub9ac\ub97c \uc0dd\ub7b5\ud574\ub3c4 \ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc5ed, \uc5f0\ub839, \uc18d\ub3c4, \uac15\uc870, \uaca9\uc2dd \uc218\uc900\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubc1c\uc74c\uc774 \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. <a href=\"https:\/\/kotoba.ninjal.ac.jp\/qa\/yokuaru\/qa-215\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NINJAL\uc740 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059\u30fb\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/a> \uc758 \ubc1c\uc74c \ubcc0\uc774\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud558\uace0 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc801, \uc138\ub300\uc801 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \uad00\ucc30\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<h2>desu\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c \ubb38\uc7a5\uc744 \uc758\ubb38\ubb38\uc73c\ub85c \ubc14\uafb8\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740?<\/h2>\n\n<p>No registro educado, acrescente <span lang=\"ja\">\uc778\uac00<\/span> \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc5d0:<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\ud0c0\ub098\uce74 \uc528\ub294 \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc778\uac00\uc694?<\/span><br \/><em>\ud0c0\ub098\uce74 \uc528\ub294 \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc778\uac00\uc694?.<\/em><br \/>Tanaka \u00e9 professor?<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u753a\u306f\u9759\u304b\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kono machi wa shizuka desu ka.<\/em><br \/>Esta cidade \u00e9 tranquila?<\/p>\n\n<p>Na fala informal, a entona\u00e7\u00e3o e outras termina\u00e7\u00f5es podem formar perguntas sem <span lang=\"ja\">\uc778\uac00<\/span>. O guia sobre <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/%ec%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8%ec%96%b4-%ec%a7%88%eb%ac%b8-%eb%b0%a9%eb%b2%95\/\">\uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4\ub85c \uc9c8\ubb38\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95<\/a> explica a diferen\u00e7a entre perguntas educadas e informais.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Erros comuns com desu<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Usar depois de um verbo no dicion\u00e1rio:<\/strong> prefira <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\ub9c8\uc2a4<\/span> no estilo educado, n\u00e3o <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304f\u3067\u3059<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fazer o passado de um adjetivo \u3044 como <span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u3044\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span>:<\/strong> a forma correta \u00e9 <span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tratar <span lang=\"ja\">\u3060<\/span> como abrevia\u00e7\u00e3o educada:<\/strong> ele pertence ao estilo simples e pode soar direto demais em certas rela\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Afirmar que <span lang=\"ja\">\uadf8\ub807\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4<\/span> n\u00e3o \u00e9 usado:<\/strong> a forma continua v\u00e1lida; <span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044<\/span> \u00e9 apenas mais conversacional.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pronunciar sempre \u201cdes\u201d:<\/strong> a redu\u00e7\u00e3o do <em>\uc720<\/em> varia; primeiro preserve o ritmo e escute falantes em contextos diferentes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>Di\u00e1logo curto com desu<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\ud0c0\ub098\uce74 \uc528\ub294 \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc778\uac00\uc694?<\/span><br \/><em>\ud0c0\ub098\uce74 \uc528\ub294 \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc778\uac00\uc694?.<\/em><br \/>Tanaka \u00e9 professor?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>B:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u3044\u3044\u3048\u3001\u5148\u751f\u3058\u3083\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u4f1a\u793e\u54e1\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Iie, sensei ja arimasen. Kaishain desu.<\/em><br \/>N\u00e3o, n\u00e3o \u00e9 professor. \u00c9 funcion\u00e1rio de uma empresa.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u6628\u65e5\u3082\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kin\u014d mo shigoto deshita ka.<\/em><br \/>Ontem tamb\u00e9m foi dia de trabalho?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>B:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u3044\u3044\u3048\u3001\u4f11\u307f\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Iie, yasumi deshita.<\/em><br \/>N\u00e3o, foi folga.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Exerc\u00edcio: escolha a forma correta<\/h2>\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u201cOntem estava tranquilo\u201d: <span lang=\"ja\">\u6628\u65e5\u306f\u9759\u304b\uff08\u3067\u3059\uff0f\u3067\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\u201cHoje n\u00e3o \u00e9 feriado\u201d: <span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u795d\u65e5\uff08\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059\uff0f\u3060\u3063\u305f\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\u201cEra caro\u201d: <span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u3044\u3067\u3057\u305f\uff0f\u9ad8\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\u201cVou ao Jap\u00e3o\u201d no estilo educado: <span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304f\u3067\u3059\uff0f\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p><strong>Respostas:<\/strong> 1) <span lang=\"ja\">\ub85c \ud588\ub2e4<\/span>, porque a frase est\u00e1 no passado; 2) <span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span>, negativa educada no n\u00e3o passado; 3) <span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span>, pois o adjetivo \u3044 recebe a flex\u00e3o; 4) <span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059<\/span>, porque verbos usam normalmente <span lang=\"ja\">\ub9c8\uc2a4<\/span> no estilo educado.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uc9c8\ubb38<\/h2>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-327455de07c61\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c desu\ub294 \ubb34\uc2a8 \ub73b\uc778\uac00\uc694?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u3067\u3059(desu)\ub294 \ubb38\uc7a5\uc744 \uacf5\uc190\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uace0 \uba85\uc0ac\uc640 \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\ub85c \uc220\uc5b4\ub97c \ud615\uc131\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubc88\uc5ed\uc740 \u201c\uc774\ub2e4\u201d, \u201c\uc788\ub2e4\u201d, \u201c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4\u201d \ub610\ub294 \u201c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4\u201d\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc815\ud655\ud55c \uc758\ubbf8\ub294 \ubb38\ub9e5\uacfc \uc55e\uc5d0 \uc624\ub294 \uc694\uc18c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-6eaab8f05fa53\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\ub370\uc2a4\ub294 \uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4\ub85c '\uc774\ub2e4'\ub77c\ub294 \ub3d9\uc0ac\uc778\uac00\uc694?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\ubcf4\ud3b8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubc88\uc5ed\uc740 \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \ubb38\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \u3067\u3059\uac00 \u201cser'\uc640 \u201destar'\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \ub300\uccb4\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4 \ub3d9\uc0ac\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacf5\uc190\ud55c \ud45c\ud604\uc5d0\uc11c \u307e\u3059\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ubc18\uba74, \uba85\uc0ac\uc640 \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\ub294 \uace0\uc720\ud55c \ud328\ud134\uc744 \ub530\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-78c00be5160ac\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\ub370\uc2a4\uc640 \ub2e4\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\uc810\uc740 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00\uc694?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u3067\u3059\ub294 \uacf5\uc190\ud55c \uc2a4\ud0c0\uc77c\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\uace0, \u3060\ub294 \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \uc2a4\ud0c0\uc77c\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub4e4\uc740 \uba85\uc0ac\uc640 \u306a\ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac \ub4a4\uc5d0\uc11c \uac01\uac01 \ub300\uc751\ud558\ub294 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc120\ud0dd\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub9d0\ud22c\uc640 \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uacfc\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\uac00 \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u3060\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \u3067\u3059\uc758 \uc904\uc784\ub9d0\uc774 \uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-4ba13b3d77d08\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">desu\ub97c \uacfc\uac70\ud615\uacfc \ubd80\uc815\ud615\uc73c\ub85c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc4f0\ub098\uc694?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\uba85\uc0ac\uc640 \u306a\ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uacfc\uac70 \uae0d\uc815\uc5d0 \u3067\u3057\u305f\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd80\uc815\uc5d0\ub294 \u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059, \u3058\u3083\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093, \u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\uc774 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc774\uba70, \uacfc\uac70 \ubd80\uc815\uc5d0\ub294 \u3058\u3083\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059, \u3058\u3083\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f, \u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-7eb9c5d674bd2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\uc5b4\ub5a4 \ub3d9\uc0ac \ub4a4\uc5d0 desu\ub97c \uc368\ub3c4 \ub418\ub098\uc694?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\uc544\ub2c8\uc694. \uc815\uc911\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\uc758 \ub3d9\uc0ac\ub294 \ubcf4\ud1b5 \u307e\u3059\ub85c \ub05d\ub0a9\ub2c8\ub2e4: \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u884c\u304f\u3067\u3059\ub77c\ub294 \uad6c\uc131\uc740 \ud45c\uc900 \uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc62c\ubc14\ub974\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u3067\u3059\ub294 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc11c\uc220\uc5b4\ub85c \uae30\ub2a5\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\ubd80 \ud615\ud0dc \ub4a4\uc5d0 \uc62c \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub3d9\uc0ac \ud65c\uc6a9\uc744 \ub300\uccb4\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>Pr\u00f3ximo passo: reconhe\u00e7a o tipo de predicado<\/h2>\n\n<p>Antes de escolher <span lang=\"ja\">\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u3060<\/span> \ub610\ub294 <span lang=\"ja\">\ub9c8\uc2a4<\/span>, identifique se o n\u00facleo da frase \u00e9 um substantivo, um adjetivo \u306a, um adjetivo \u3044 ou um verbo. Essa decis\u00e3o simples evita a maior parte dos erros e conecta este tema \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/%ec%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8%ec%96%b4-%eb%8b%a8%ec%96%b4-%ec%88%9c%ec%84%9c\/\">\uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4 \uc5b4\uc21c<\/a> e \u00e0s <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/%ec%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8%ec%96%b4-%ea%b8%b0%eb%b3%b8-%ec%9e%85%ec%9e%90\/\">part\u00edculas que marcam a fun\u00e7\u00e3o dos grupos<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c '\u3067\u3059(desu)'\uac00 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\ub294\uc9c0, \uc774 \uacf5\uc190\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\ub97c \uc5b8\uc81c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294\uc9c0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4 \ubb38\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uba85\uc0ac, \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac, \ub3d9\uc0ac\ub97c \uad6c\ubcc4\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uc138\uc694.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":1667,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,73,60],"tags":[27,71,2,3],"class_list":["post-1665","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-verbos-em-japones","category-vocabulario-japones","tag-gramatica","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1665","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1665"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1665\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4403,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1665\/revisions\/4403"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1667"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1665"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1665"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1665"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}