{"id":2103,"date":"2009-11-04T06:16:42","date_gmt":"2009-11-04T08:16:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2103"},"modified":"2026-08-15T17:44:37","modified_gmt":"2026-08-15T20:44:37","slug":"verb-pa-japansk-i-tai-form","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/verbos-em-japones-na-forma-tai\/","title":{"rendered":"Tai-form (\u305f\u3044) p\u00e5 japansk: hvordan si at man vil gj\u00f8re noe"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Raskt svar:<\/strong> a <strong>formen tai (\u305f\u3044) p\u00e5 japansk<\/strong> indikerer at noen \u00f8nsker \u00e5 utf\u00f8re en handling. For \u00e5 danne den, fjern <span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059<\/span> fra den h\u00f8flige formen av verbet og legg til <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span>: <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059 \u2192 \u98df\u3079\u305f\u3044<\/span> (\u201cvil spise\u201d) og <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059 \u2192 \u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044<\/span> (\u201cvil g\u00e5\u201d). Siden <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span> b\u00f8yes p\u00e5 samme m\u00e5te som et \u3044-adjektiv, finnes ogs\u00e5 former som <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span> e <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u304f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Denne guiden viser dannelsen, b\u00f8yningene, partiklene og brukshensynene for formen \u305f\u3044 p\u00e5 japansk. Eksemplene er laget for de som allerede kjenner igjen <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/masu-form-av-japanske-verb\/\">\u307e\u3059-formen av verbene<\/a>, men du kan ogs\u00e5 f\u00f8lge forklaringen ved \u00e5 starte med tabellen nedenfor.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Hva betyr formen tai (\u305f\u3044)?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Strukturen <strong>verb + \u305f\u3044<\/strong> uttrykker \u00f8nsket om \u00e5 gj\u00f8re det verbet indikerer. P\u00e5 norsk tilsvarer det ofte \u201cvil gj\u00f8re\u201d, \u201c\u00f8nsker \u00e5 gj\u00f8re\u201d eller, i fortid, \u201cville gj\u00f8re\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Nihon ni ikitai desu.<\/em><br \/>Jeg vil reise til Japan.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3068\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Nihongo o motto benkyou shitai desu.<\/em><br \/>Jeg vil studere mer japansk.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u65e9\u304f\u5bdd\u305f\u3044\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Kyou wa hayaku netai.<\/em><br \/>I dag vil jeg sove tidlig.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span> legges til stammen av \u307e\u3059-formen. Etter at den er dannet, oppf\u00f8rer hele uttrykket seg, i de grunnleggende b\u00f8yningene, som et <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/i-adjektiver-pa-japansk\/\">\u3044-adjektiv<\/a>. Dette forklarer hvorfor negasjonen ender p\u00e5 <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044<\/span> og preteritum p\u00e5 <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Hvordan danne verb med \u305f\u3044<\/h2>\n\n<p>Den sikreste metoden for nybegynnere er \u00e5 ta utgangspunkt i \u307e\u3059-formen:<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li>Sett verbet i \u307e\u3059-formen.<\/li>\n<li>Fjern <span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>Legg til <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Verb<\/th><th>\u307e\u3059-form<\/th><th>Radical<\/th><th>\u305f\u3044-form<\/th><th>Betydning<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8cb7\u3046<\/span> (<em>kau<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8cb7\u3044<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8cb7\u3044\u305f\u3044<\/span><\/td><td>\u00f8nsker \u00e5 kj\u00f8pe<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u66f8\u304f<\/span> (<em>kaku<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u66f8\u304d\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u66f8\u304d<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u66f8\u304d\u305f\u3044<\/span><\/td><td>\u00f8nsker \u00e5 skrive<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98f2\u3080<\/span> (<em>nomu<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98f2\u307f\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98f2\u307f<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98f2\u307f\u305f\u3044<\/span><\/td><td>\u00f8nsker \u00e5 drikke<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u308b<\/span> (<em>taberu<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u305f\u3044<\/span><\/td><td>\u00f8nsker \u00e5 spise<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u898b\u308b<\/span> (<em>miru<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u898b\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u898b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u898b\u305f\u3044<\/span><\/td><td>\u00f8nsker \u00e5 se<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u308b<\/span> (<em>suru<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3057\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3057<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3057\u305f\u3044<\/span><\/td><td>\u00f8nsker \u00e5 gj\u00f8re<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u308b<\/span> (<em>kuru<\/em>)<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6765<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u305f\u3044<\/span><\/td><td>\u00f8nsker \u00e5 komme<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>Denne prosedyren fungerer med verb fra alle tre gruppene. Hvis du fortsatt er usikker mellom godan, ichidan og uregelrette verb, g\u00e5 gjennom <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/japanske-verbgrupper\/\">verbgruppene p\u00e5 japansk<\/a>. For \u00e5 bruke \u305f\u3044 trenger du imidlertid ikke \u00e5 l\u00e6re en ny regel for hver gruppe: \u00e5 kunne komme frem til \u307e\u3059-formen l\u00f8ser allerede dannelsen.<\/p>\n\n<h2>B\u00f8ying av \u305f\u3044: bekreftende, nektende og preteritum<\/h2>\n\n<p>Etter \u00e5 ha lagt til <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span>, b\u00f8y slutten som du ville gjort med et \u3044-adjektiv. Tabellen bruker <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044<\/span> (<em>ikitai<\/em>, \u201c\u00e5 ville g\u00e5\u201d) som modell.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Tid og polaritet<\/th><th>Enkel form<\/th><th>H\u00f8flig form<\/th><th>Omtrentlig oversettelse<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Presens\/futurum bekreftende<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td>jeg vil g\u00e5<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Presens\/futurum nektende<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td>jeg vil ikke g\u00e5<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Tidligere bekreftende<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u305f\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u305f\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td>jeg ville g\u00e5<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Negativ fortid<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u305f\u304f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u305f\u304f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td>jeg ville ikke g\u00e5<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>I h\u00f8flige registre er formene med <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> direkte og sv\u00e6rt nyttige for nybegynnere. Det finnes ogs\u00e5 varianter som <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u305f\u304f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span>, mer formelle, men det er ikke n\u00f8dvendig \u00e5 blande alle sammen ved f\u00f8rste kontakt.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Eksempler i de fire formene<\/h3>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u672c\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Atarashii hon o yomitai desu.<\/em><br \/>Jeg vil lese en ny bok.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u6599\u7406\u3057\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Kyou wa ryouri shitakunai desu.<\/em><br \/>I dag vil jeg ikke lage mat.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u5148\u751f\u306b\u306a\u308a\u305f\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Kodomo no toki, sensei ni naritakatta desu.<\/em><br \/>Da jeg var barn, ville jeg bli l\u00e6rer.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>I g\u00e5r ville jeg ikke g\u00e5 ut.<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Kinou wa soto ni detakunakatta desu.<\/em><br \/>I g\u00e5r ville jeg ikke g\u00e5 ut.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<!--Ads6-->\n\n<h2>N\u00e5r du bruker \u305f\u3044 \u2014 og n\u00e5r du b\u00f8r v\u00e6re forsiktig<\/h2>\n\n<h3>1. Snakke om egne \u00f8nsker<\/h3>\n\n<p>Den mest direkte bruken er \u00e5 uttrykke det taleren selv vil gj\u00f8re. Subjektet blir ofte utelatt n\u00e5r det allerede er klart fra konteksten.<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u9031\u672b\u3001\u6620\u753b\u3092\u898b\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Shuumatsu, eiga o mitai desu.<\/em><br \/>I helgen vil jeg se en film.<\/p>\n\n<h3>2. Sp\u00f8rre om samtalepartnerens \u00f8nske<\/h3>\n\n<p>I et sp\u00f8rsm\u00e5l kan \u305f\u3044 brukes for \u00e5 finne ut hva den andre personen vil gj\u00f8re. Intonasjonen og den h\u00f8flige formen hjelper med \u00e5 tilpasse setningen til situasjonen.<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u3067\u4f55\u3092\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Nihon de nani o shitai desu ka.<\/em><br \/>Hva vil du gj\u00f8re i Japan?<\/p>\n\n<p>Blant venner er et kort sp\u00f8rsm\u00e5l som <span lang=\"ja\">\u4f55\u304c\u98df\u3079\u305f\u3044\uff1f<\/span> (<em>Nani ga tabetai?<\/em>, \u201cHva vil du spise?\u201d) naturlig. I formelle sammenhenger kan valget av et mer indirekte sp\u00f8rsm\u00e5l h\u00f8res mer hensynsfullt ut.<\/p>\n\n<h3>3. \u00c5 snakke om en tredje persons \u00f8nske<\/h3>\n\n<p>Unng\u00e5 \u00e5 presentere en annen persons indre f\u00f8lelser direkte som om du hadde tilgang til dem. N\u00e5r \u00f8nsket observeres gjennom atferd, er en vanlig konstruksjon <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u79c1\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Watashi wa Nihon ni ikitai desu.<\/em><br \/>Jeg vil reise til Japan.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u5f1f\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u884c\u304d\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Otouto wa Nihon ni ikitagatte imasu.<\/em><br \/>Min yngre bror viser at han vil reise til Japan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Hvis personen selv har uttalt \u00f8nsket, kan du ogs\u00e5 gjengi utsagnet: <span lang=\"ja\">\u5f1f\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/span> (\u201cBroren min sier at han vil reise til Japan\u201d). Valget avhenger av hvordan du fikk informasjonen.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Bruke \u3092 eller \u304c med \u305f\u3044-formen?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Med transitive verb i \u305f\u3044-formen kan begge <span lang=\"ja\">\u3092<\/span> hvor mye <span lang=\"ja\">\u304c<\/span> forekomme i mange sammenhenger:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u30b8\u30e3\u30ba\u3092\u805e\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u30b8\u30e3\u30ba\u304c\u805e\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Begge setningene kan bety \u201cJeg vil h\u00f8re jazz\u201d. Som en innledende veiledning, <span lang=\"ja\">\u3092<\/span> beholder den normale markeringen av handlingens objekt; <span lang=\"ja\">\u304c<\/span> kan fremheve det som \u00f8nskes. Preferansen varierer ogs\u00e5 avhengig av verbet, konteksten og den tilsiktede kontrasten. Derfor b\u00f8r du ikke behandle den ene partikkelen som universelt riktig og den andre som feil.<\/p>\n\n<p>Hvis partikler fortsatt er et vanskelig punkt, se guiden om <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/grunnleggende-partikler-pa-japansk\/\">\u306f, \u304c, \u3092, \u306b og \u3067<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Forskjellen mellom \u305f\u3044, \u6b32\u3057\u3044 og \u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/h2>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Struktur<\/th><th>Det som uttrykker<\/th><th>Eksempel<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Verb + <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span><\/td><td>Quero fazer uma a\u00e7\u00e3o<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/>Quero estudar japon\u00eas.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Nome + <span lang=\"ja\">\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/span><\/td><td>Quero uma coisa<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u8f9e\u66f8\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/>Quero um dicion\u00e1rio novo.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Verbo na forma \u3066 + <span lang=\"ja\">\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/span><\/td><td>Quero que outra pessoa fa\u00e7a algo<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u6587\u3092\u898b\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/>Quero que voc\u00ea veja esta frase.<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>Em resumo: use \u305f\u3044 para uma a\u00e7\u00e3o que voc\u00ea quer realizar; use <span lang=\"ja\">\u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/span> para algo que quer ter; e use <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/span> quando deseja uma a\u00e7\u00e3o de outra pessoa. O uso de <span lang=\"ja\">\u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/span> com substantivos \u00e9 o tema do artigo <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/hvordan-man-sier-at-man-vil-ha-noe-pa-japansk\/\">si at du vil ha noe p\u00e5 japansk<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u305f\u3044 em frases mais naturais<\/h2>\n\n<p>Depois de dominar a estrutura b\u00e1sica, combine \u305f\u3044 com tempo, lugar, motivo e grau de desejo. Isso transforma uma frase isolada em comunica\u00e7\u00e3o real.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u3044\u3064\u304b\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u306b\u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Itsuka Hokkaidou ni ikitai desu.<\/em><br \/>Algum dia, quero ir a Hokkaido.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u306e\u53cb\u3060\u3061\u3068\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3067\u8a71\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Nihonjin no tomodachi to nihongo de hanashitai desu.<\/em><br \/>Jeg vil snakke japansk med en japansk venn.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u75b2\u308c\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3001\u5c11\u3057\u4f11\u307f\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Tsukareta node, sukoshi yasumitai desu.<\/em><br \/>Siden jeg er tr\u00f8tt, vil jeg hvile litt.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u3082\u3063\u3068\u6f22\u5b57\u304c\u8aad\u3081\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Motto kanji ga yomeru you ni naritai desu.<\/em><br \/>Jeg vil bli i stand til \u00e5 lese flere kanji.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>I det siste eksemplet, <span lang=\"ja\">\u8aad\u3081\u308b<\/span> er den potensielle formen av \u201c\u00e5 lese\u201d. Hvis denne konstruksjonen fortsatt ikke er klar, g\u00e5 gjennom <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/potensiell-form-av-japanske-verb\/\">den potensielle formen av verb p\u00e5 japansk<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h3>En mykere form: \u305f\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/h3>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/span> legger til ideen om \u201cjeg tror jeg vil\u201d eller \u201cjeg har til hensikt\u201d. I intensjonskunngj\u00f8ringer kan det h\u00f8res mindre br\u00e5tt ut enn \u00e5 bare si \u305f\u3044.<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\"><strong>\u6765\u5e74\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u7559\u5b66\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/><em>Rainen, Nihon e ryuugaku shitai to omoimasu.<\/em><br \/>Neste \u00e5r har jeg tenkt \u00e5 studere i Japan.<\/p>\n\n<p>Denne strukturen uttrykker \u00f8nske eller personlig intensjon; den er ikke identisk med en allerede definert plan. For \u00e5 snakke om beslutninger og planer med en annen nyanse, er det verdt \u00e5 studere <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> separat.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Vanlige feil med formen \u305f\u3044<\/h2>\n\n<h3>\u00c5 legge til \u305f\u3044 p\u00e5 ordbokformen<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>Feil:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u308b\u305f\u3044<\/span><br \/><strong>Riktig:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u305f\u3044<\/span><\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span> knytter seg til stammen av \u307e\u3059-formen, ikke ordbokformen. Sammenlign <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059 \u2192 \u98df\u3079\u305f\u3044<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u00c5 b\u00f8ye \u305f\u3044 som et vanlig verb<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>Feil:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><br \/><strong>Riktig:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/p>\n\n<p>Negasjonen endres <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span> til <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044<\/span>. Logikken er den samme som b\u00f8yningen av \u3044-adjektiver.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Bruke \u305f\u3044 for \u00e5 \u00f8nske seg en gjenstand<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>Feil:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u8eca\u3092\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><strong>Riktig:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u8eca\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/p>\n\n<p>Siden \u305f\u3044 krever et verb, er et annet alternativ <span lang=\"ja\">\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u8eca\u3092\u8cb7\u3044\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span> (\u201cJeg vil kj\u00f8pe en ny bil\u201d).<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u00c5 forveksle \u201cvil gj\u00f8re\u201d med \u201ckan gj\u00f8re\u201d<\/h3>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u8a71\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span> betyr \u201cJeg vil snakke japansk\u201d. Mens <span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u304c\u8a71\u305b\u307e\u3059<\/span> betyr \u201cJeg kan snakke japansk\u201d. \u00d8nske og evne er forskjellige ideer.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Rask \u00f8velse<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sett verbene i parentes i riktig form. Pr\u00f8v \u00e5 svare f\u00f8r du \u00e5pner fasiten.<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eac\u90fd\u3067\u5199\u771f\u3092 ______ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span> (<span lang=\"ja\">\u64ae\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/span>) \u2014 Jeg vil ta bilder i Kyoto.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u8089\u3092 ______ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span> (<span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059<\/span>, negasjon) \u2014 I dag vil jeg ikke spise kj\u00f8tt.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u533b\u8005\u306b ______ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span> (<span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/span>, fortid) \u2014 Da jeg var barn, ville jeg bli lege.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u306f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30d1\u30bd\u30b3\u30f3\u3092 ______\u3002<\/span> (<span lang=\"ja\">\u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/span>, observert \u00f8nske fra tredjeperson) \u2014 Tanaka viser at han vil kj\u00f8pe en ny datamaskin.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details>\n<summary><strong>Vis svar<\/strong><\/summary>\n<ol>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u64ae\u308a\u305f\u3044<\/span> \u2014 <em>toritai<\/em><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044<\/span> \u2014 <em>tabetakunai<\/em><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u308a\u305f\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span> \u2014 <em>naritakatta<\/em><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u8cb7\u3044\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/span> \u2014 <em>kaitagatte imasu<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n\n<h2>Sammendrag av \u305f\u3044-formen<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li>Bruk <strong>stammen av \u307e\u3059-formen + \u305f\u3044<\/strong>: <span lang=\"ja\">\u8aad\u307f\u307e\u3059 \u2192 \u8aad\u307f\u305f\u3044<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>De viktigste b\u00f8yningene er <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span> e <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u304f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>Bruk \u305f\u3044 hovedsakelig for eget \u00f8nske eller for \u00e5 sp\u00f8rre om samtalepartnerens \u00f8nske.<\/li>\n<li>For en tredje person, vurder <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/span> eller rapporter det vedkommende sa.<\/li>\n<li>Med mange transitive verb kan b\u00e5de <span lang=\"ja\">\u3092<\/span> hvor mye <span lang=\"ja\">\u304c<\/span> forekomme.<\/li>\n<li>Ikke bland sammen \u201c\u00e5 ville gj\u00f8re\u201d (<span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span>), \u201c\u00e5 ville ha noe\u201d (<span lang=\"ja\">\u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/span>) og \u201c\u00e5 ville at noen gj\u00f8r\u201d (<span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/span>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>For \u00e5 fortsette sekvensen, sammenlign denne formen med <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/formene-av-verbene-pa-japansk\/\">\u3066-formen<\/a> og med <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/mashou-formen-av-verbene-pa-japansk\/\">\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046-form<\/a>. Slik skiller du tre mye brukte intensjoner: \u00e5 si hva du vil gj\u00f8re, \u00e5 koble handlinger eller foresp\u00f8rsler, og \u00e5 komme med invitasjoner.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-94bd0f41b9115\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hva betyr formen \u305f\u3044 p\u00e5 japansk?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Formen \u305f\u3044 uttrykker et \u00f8nske om \u00e5 utf\u00f8re handlingen som verbet indikerer. \u98df\u3079\u305f\u3044, for eksempel, betyr \u00e5 ville spise, og \u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044 betyr \u00e5 ville g\u00e5.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-d29c3710349a4\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hvordan danne verb med \u305f\u3044?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Start fra formen \u307e\u3059, fjern \u307e\u3059 og legg til \u305f\u3044. Dermed blir \u8aad\u307f\u307e\u3059 til \u8aad\u307f\u305f\u3044, \u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059 til \u98df\u3079\u305f\u3044, \u3057\u307e\u3059 til \u3057\u305f\u3044 og \u6765\u307e\u3059 til \u6765\u305f\u3044.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-e17e1ba1d759a\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hvordan konjugerer man \u305f\u3044-formen i negativ og preteritum?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u305f\u3044 b\u00f8yes som et i-adjektiv: \u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044 er negativ, \u305f\u304b\u3063\u305f er preteritum bekreftende og \u305f\u304f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f er preteritum negativ. Det er mulig \u00e5 legge til \u3067\u3059 for \u00e5 holde setningen h\u00f8flig.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-6d8e32773c11a\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hva er forskjellen mellom \u305f\u3044, \u6b32\u3057\u3044 og \u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Bruk verb + \u305f\u3044 for en handling du vil utf\u00f8re, substantiv + \u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044 for en ting du vil ha, og verb i \u3066-form + \u307b\u3057\u3044 for en handling du \u00f8nsker at en annen person gj\u00f8r.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-df250caa28c05\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hvordan snakke om en annen persons \u00f8nske p\u00e5 japansk?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>For et \u00f8nske observert i tredje person, bruk ofte \u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b. Hvis personen har uttalt sitt eget \u00f8nske, kan du rapportere det med en konstruksjon som \u305f\u3044\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-e3d5a5937fd3d\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">B\u00f8r jeg bruke \u3092 eller \u304c med \u305f\u3044-formen?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Med mange transitive verb kan begge partiklene forekomme. \u3092 beholder den normale markeringen av handlingens objekt, mens \u304c kan fremheve det som er \u00f8nsket; valget avhenger av verbet og konteksten.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>Kilder for \u00e5 sjekke og \u00f8ve<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/description\/010.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marugoto Plus \u2014 V\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059 \/ V\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/a>: dannelse, b\u00f8yning og eksempler p\u00e5 \u00f8nsker.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/a1.marugotoweb.jp\/ja\/grammar_topic9_18.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marugoto Plus A1 \u2014 praksis med \u305f\u3044-formen<\/a>: \u00f8velser i reisesituasjoner.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpf.go.jp\/j\/project\/japanese\/survey\/area\/country\/syllabus\/pdf\/sy_honyaku_14_AU_vic.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Jap\u00e3o \u2014 pensum i japansk<\/a>: referanser til <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u304c\u308b<\/span> og bruken av <span lang=\"ja\">\u3092\uff0f\u304c<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/a1.marugotoweb.jp\/ja\/grammar_topic4_8.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marugoto Plus \u2014 \u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/a>: kontrast med \u00f8nsket om \u00e5 f\u00e5 en ting.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/pre-intermediate\/pdf\/ZZ_L11.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodori \u2014 V\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/a>: kontrast mellom det taleren vil gj\u00f8re og det vedkommende \u00f8nsker at en annen person gj\u00f8r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u00e6r \u00e5 danne og b\u00f8ye tai-formen p\u00e5 japansk, bruke \u3092 og \u304c, snakke om \u00f8nsker og skille \u305f\u3044, \u6b32\u3057\u3044 og \u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":2105,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,73],"tags":[69,2,3],"class_list":["post-2103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-verbos-em-japones","tag-curso-japones-gratis","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2103"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2103\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4432,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2103\/revisions\/4432"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2105"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2103"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}