{"id":2370,"date":"2010-02-03T09:00:25","date_gmt":"2010-02-03T11:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2370"},"modified":"2018-07-01T14:53:07","modified_gmt":"2018-07-01T17:53:07","slug":"czastka-ya-w-jezyku-japonskim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/pl\/a-particula-ya-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Cz\u0105stka YA w j\u0119zyku japo\u0144skim"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"6493bc198c24843764e19a32ad573702\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Ads responsivo Inicio Post CAJap -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3298668993\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Poszerzmy teraz wiedz\u0119 na temat\u00a0<strong>cz\u0105steczka YA<\/strong> po japo\u0144sku!<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2374\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/02\/particula-japonesa-ya.gif?resize=130%2C130&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Japo\u0144ska cz\u0105steczka ya\" width=\"130\" height=\"130\" \/><\/p>\n<p>G\u0142\u00f3wna funkcja cz\u0105steczki\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>\u00a0jest po prostu tworzenie list <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/pl\/substantivos-em-japones\/\">Japo\u0144skie rzeczowniki<\/a>. W ten spos\u00f3b mo\u017cemy nazwa\u0107 zbi\u00f3r rzeczy, kt\u00f3re gdzie\u015b istniej\u0105 lub rzeczy, kt\u00f3re zamierzamy zrobi\u0107.<\/p>\n<p>W tym momencie wielu czytelnik\u00f3w przypomni sobie japo\u0144sk\u0105 cz\u0105steczk\u0119\u00a0<em>do<\/em>, kt\u00f3ra r\u00f3wnie\u017c tworzy listy japo\u0144skich rzeczownik\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<h2>Cz\u0105stka YA w j\u0119zyku japo\u0144skim<\/h2>\n<p>Podstawow\u0105 r\u00f3\u017cnic\u0105 mi\u0119dzy tymi dwoma cz\u0105steczkami jest fakt, \u017ce\u00a0<em>do<\/em>\u00a0s\u0142u\u017cy do tworzenia wyczerpuj\u0105cej listy rzeczownik\u00f3w, koniecznie wymieniaj\u0105c wszystkie elementy.<\/p>\n<p>Z drugiej strony, cz\u0105steczka\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>\u00a0s\u0142u\u017cy do tworzenia \"niewyczerpuj\u0105cej\" listy rzeczownik\u00f3w, w kt\u00f3rej nie jest konieczne wymienianie wszystkich element\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<h2>Tworzenie list rzeczownik\u00f3w z cz\u0105stk\u0105 YA<\/h2>\n<p>Aby utworzy\u0107 list\u0119 rzeczownik\u00f3w z cz\u0105stk\u0105\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>Wystarczy doda\u0107 cz\u0105stk\u0119 po ka\u017cdym rzeczowniku. Poniewa\u017c jest to \"niewyczerpuj\u0105ca\" lista, nie jest konieczne wymienianie wszystkich element\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Przyk\u0142ad:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"pan ya tamago ya miruku o kaimashita.\">\u30d1\u30f3\u3084\u305f\u307e\u3054\u3084\u30df\u30eb\u30af\u3092\u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>Kupi\u0142em chleb, jajka, mleko i tak dalej \/ Kupi\u0142em mi\u0119dzy innymi chleb, jajka i mleko.<\/em><br \/>\n<br \/>\nNale\u017cy zauwa\u017cy\u0107, \u017ce cz\u0105steczka\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>\u00a0staj\u0105 si\u0119 przecinkami w t\u0142umaczeniu na j\u0119zyk portugalski. Ponadto w t\u0142umaczeniach z japo\u0144skiego na portugalski cz\u0119sto dodaje si\u0119 s\u0142owa takie jak \"i itd.\" lub \"mi\u0119dzy innymi\" na ko\u0144cu listy s\u0142\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<p>Dzieje si\u0119 tak, poniewa\u017c listy z\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>\u00a0nie wymienia wszystkich element\u00f3w i sugeruje, \u017ce istniej\u0105 inne elementy niewymienione w zdaniu.<\/p>\n<h2>Wyra\u017ane u\u017cycie etc w listach rzeczownik\u00f3w<\/h2>\n<p>W niekt\u00f3rych <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/pl\/podstawowe-slownictwo-japonskie-dla-poczatkujacych\/\">Japo\u0144skie zwroty<\/a>powszechne jest znalezienie cz\u0105steczki\u00a0<em>p\u0142ywanie<\/em>\u00a0po li\u015bcie japo\u0144skich s\u0142\u00f3w u\u017cywaj\u0105cych cz\u0105steczki\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>. W tym przypadku cz\u0105stka\u00a0<em>p\u0142ywanie<\/em>\u00a0dzia\u0142a jak nasze \"itd.\" lub \"...\" na ko\u0144cu zda\u0144, wyra\u017anie wskazuj\u0105c, \u017ce istnieje wi\u0119cej element\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re nie zosta\u0142y wymienione na li\u015bcie s\u0142\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Przyk\u0142ad:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"teeburu no ue ni enpitsu ya nihongo no hon ya osushi nado ga arimasu.\">\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u3048\u3093\u3074\u3064\u3084\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u672c\u3084\u304a\u3059\u3057<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u306a\u3069<\/span>\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>Na stole le\u017c\u0105 o\u0142\u00f3wki, japo\u0144ska ksi\u0105\u017cka i sushi\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">itp.<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Wskazanie, \u017ce jedna czynno\u015b\u0107 nast\u0119puje bezpo\u015brednio po drugiej<\/h2>\n<p>Gdy cz\u0105steczka\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>\u00a0pojawia si\u0119 po <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/pl\/nieformalny-tryb-czasownikow-w-jezyku-japonskim\/\">Japo\u0144ski czasownik w formie s\u0142ownikowej<\/a>Mo\u017ce ona wskazywa\u0107, \u017ce nast\u0119pna akcja mia\u0142a miejsce bezpo\u015brednio po akcji opisanej powy\u017cej. W takich przypadkach cz\u0105stka\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>\u00a0mo\u017cna przet\u0142umaczy\u0107 jako \"w chwili gdy\", \"tak szybko jak\", \"tak szybko jak\", \"dok\u0142adnie w chwili gdy\" lub cokolwiek podobnego.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Przyk\u0142ady:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kanojo wa, boku no sugata o miru ya, ikari o bakuhatsu saseta.\">\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u3001\u50d5\u306e\u59ff\u3092\u898b\u308b<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u3084<\/span>\u3001 \u6012\u308a\u3092\u7206\u767a\u3055\u305b\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">Moment\u00a0<\/span>Kiedy mnie zobaczy\u0142a, wpad\u0142a w furi\u0119.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"watashi o miru ya, kanojo ha egao de aisatsu o shite.\">\u79c1\u3092\u898b\u308b<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u3084<\/span>\u3001\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u7b11\u9854\u3067\u6328\u62f6\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">Jak tylko<\/span>\u00a0Zobaczy\u0142a mnie i przywita\u0142a z u\u015bmiechem.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Wniosek<\/h2>\n<p>Pomimo cz\u0105steczki\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>\u00a0maj\u0105 inne funkcje, ale najbardziej podstawowymi funkcjami s\u0105 te opisane powy\u017cej. Z biegiem czasu b\u0119d\u0119 dodawa\u0107 wi\u0119cej tre\u015bci do tych artyku\u0142\u00f3w, m\u00f3wi\u0105c nieco wi\u0119cej o ka\u017cdej z tych japo\u0144skich cz\u0105stek.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Teraz poszerzmy swoj\u0105 wiedz\u0119 na temat cz\u0105stki YA w j\u0119zyku japo\u0144skim! G\u0142\u00f3wn\u0105 funkcj\u0105 cz\u0105stki ya jest po prostu tworzenie list japo\u0144skich rzeczownik\u00f3w. W ten spos\u00f3b mo\u017cemy nazwa\u0107 zestaw rzeczy, kt\u00f3re gdzie\u015b istniej\u0105 lub rzeczy<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":2372,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[70,74],"tags":[71,2,3,15],"class_list":["post-2370","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-particulas-em-japones","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","tag-particulas-basicas"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/a-particula-ya-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1671,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/pl\/relacionando-substantivos-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2370,"position":0},"title":"Odnoszenie rzeczownik\u00f3w w j\u0119zyku japo\u0144skim","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de listopad de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"As maneiras mais comuns de expressar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre dois ou mais substantivos em japon\u00eas, \u00e9 usando a part\u00edcula\u00a0\u306e\u00a0entre eles. Relacionando substantivos em japon\u00eas A part\u00edcula\u00a0\u306e, normalmente indica tr\u00eas id\u00e9ias b\u00e1sicas: posse, origem e especializa\u00e7\u00e3o. Ela indica posse quando o substantivo est\u00e1 relacionado \u00e0 outro substantivo. Nestes casos, a part\u00edcula\u00a0\u306e\u00a0pode\u2026","rel":"","context":"W \u201eCurso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/pl\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Relacionando substantivos em japon\u00eas","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/relacionando-substantivos-em-japones.png?fit=500%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2403,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/pl\/a-particula-to-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2370,"position":1},"title":"Cz\u0105stka TO w j\u0119zyku japo\u0144skim","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"27 de stycze\u0144 de 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda agora mais sobre a\u00a0part\u00edcula TO em japon\u00eas! A part\u00edcula japonesa\u00a0to\u00a0\u00e9 outra part\u00edcula muito conhecida pelos estudantes de japon\u00eas. Sua\u00a0fun\u00e7\u00e3o mais comum \u00e9 simplesmente juntar listas de\u00a0substantivos japoneses\u00a0ou at\u00e9 frases. Ao contr\u00e1rio de outras\u00a0part\u00edculas japonesas, a part\u00edcula\u00a0to\u00a0sempre lista itens de um modo objetivo, indicando todos os elementos existentes numa determinada\u2026","rel":"","context":"W \u201ePart\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Part\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/pl\/particulas-em-japones\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A part\u00edcula TO em japon\u00eas","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/a-particula-to-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/a-particula-to-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/a-particula-to-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2447,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/pl\/como-formar-frases-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2370,"position":2},"title":"Jak tworzy\u0107 zdania w j\u0119zyku japo\u0144skim","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"11 de pa\u017adziernik de 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda agora a\u00a0como formar frases em japon\u00eas! 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Como formar frases em japon\u00eas Como muitos leitores do\u00a0L\u00edngua Japonesa\u00a0me enviam e-mails com d\u00favidas sobre como\u2026","rel":"","context":"W \u201eVocabul\u00e1rio japon\u00eas&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Vocabul\u00e1rio japon\u00eas","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/pl\/vocabulario-japones\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Como formar frases em japon\u00eas","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/nihongo_idioma.jpg?fit=477%2C296&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1729,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/pl\/particulas-basicas-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2370,"position":3},"title":"Podstawowe cz\u0105stki w j\u0119zyku japo\u0144skim","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"15 de listopad de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Conhe\u00e7a e aprenda mais sobre\u00a0as part\u00edculas b\u00e1sicas em japon\u00eas! As part\u00edculas s\u00e3o pequenos elementos gramaticais, geralmente escritas usando uma \u00fanica s\u00edlaba do\u00a0alfabeto japon\u00eas em hiragana, e n\u00e3o possuem uma tradu\u00e7\u00e3o espec\u00edfica. A fun\u00e7\u00e3o das part\u00edculas em japon\u00eas \u00e9 puramente gramatical, servindo como uma marca para identificar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o das palavras\u2026","rel":"","context":"W \u201eCurso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/pl\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"As part\u00edculas b\u00e1sicas em japon\u00eas - \u5f7c\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u3002","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/11\/particulas-basicas-em-japones.png?fit=500%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2351,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/pl\/a-particula-wa\/","url_meta":{"origin":2370,"position":4},"title":"Cz\u0105stka WA j\u0119zyka japo\u0144skiego","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"18 de listopad de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda mais sobre\u00a0a part\u00edcula WA e seu uso no idioma japon\u00eas! A part\u00edcula\u00a0\u306f\u00a0\u00e9 uma das part\u00edculas fundamentais da l\u00edngua japonesa. Ela \u00e9 fundamental porque pode ser encontrada em mais de 80% das frases em japon\u00eas. 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A resposta para esta quest\u00e3o depende de muitos fatores usados na constru\u00e7\u00e3o das frases e das outras part\u00edculas que usamos dentro de uma mesma senten\u00e7a. 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