{"id":1741,"date":"2009-11-03T05:32:55","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T07:32:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1741"},"modified":"2018-03-18T22:21:37","modified_gmt":"2018-03-19T01:21:37","slug":"verbos-aru-e-iru-em-japones","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/verbos-aru-e-iru-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044b aru \u0438 iru \u0432 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"5314318104f58bbaa8a7838e0c35cb10\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Ads responsivo Inicio Post CAJap -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3298668993\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Conhe\u00e7a mais detalhes sobre\u00a0<strong>os verbos aru e iru em japon\u00eas<\/strong>!<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Os verbos\u00a0<acronym title=\"aru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"iru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0s\u00e3o dois verbos em japon\u00eas que possuem o mesmo significado e podem ser usados da mesma forma.<\/p>\n<p>A diferen\u00e7a b\u00e1sica entre estes dois verbos \u00e9 que\u00a0<acronym title=\"iru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0\u00e9 usado quando o sujeito da frase \u00e9 uma pessoa ou animal (objeto animado :D), e\u00a0<acronym title=\"aru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0\u00e9 usado quando o sujeito da frase \u00e9 algo sem vida ou objeto inanimado.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044b aru \u0438 iru \u0432 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435<\/h2>\n<p>Guarde bem esta diferen\u00e7a na mente, pois ela \u00e9 muito importante para saber a diferen\u00e7a entre esses dois verbos da\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/\">\u042f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Como ainda n\u00e3o mencionei nada sobre o uso dos verbos em japon\u00eas, incluindo suas conjuga\u00e7\u00f5es e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o nas frases, vou aproveitar este artigo para introduzir alguns conceitos e assuntos que ainda est\u00e3o por vir.<\/p>\n<h2>Resumindo o uso dos verbos em japon\u00eas<\/h2>\n<p>Segundo a gram\u00e1tica japonesa, os verbos em japon\u00eas sempre aparecem no final das frases, dando \u00e0 elas uma estrutura b\u00e1sica de\u00a0<strong>sujeito+objeto ou predicado+verbo<\/strong>. O que \u00e9 bem diferente da nossa l\u00edngua portuguesa, onde temos\u00a0<strong>sujeito+verbo+predicado<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Por exemplo, em portugu\u00eas ter\u00edamos:<\/p>\n<p>Eu escrevo uma carta. (Sujeito + verbo + predicado ou objeto)<\/p>\n<p>J\u00e1 em japon\u00eas, a mesma frase seria:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"watashi wa tegami o kaku - Eu uma carta escrever\">\u79c1\u306f\u624b\u7d19\u3092\u66f8\u304f<\/acronym>\u00a0(Sujeito + predicado ou objeto + verbo)<\/p>\n<p>Note que cada elemento da frase em japon\u00eas \u00e9 ligado por uma part\u00edcula, informando quem \u00e9 o sujeito da frase, o objeto (direto ou indireto) e onde est\u00e1 o verbo. Guarde bem esta estrutura na mente, pois ela \u00e9 usada em praticamente todas as frases em japon\u00eas.<\/p>\n<p>Nos artigos anteriores, escrevi dois t\u00f3picos mencionando o uso b\u00e1sico das part\u00edculas. Se for de seu interesse, sugiro uma leitura dos artigos abaixo:<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0432 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/particulas-basicas-em-japones\/\">\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0432 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/particulas-para-final-de-frases-em-japones\/\">Part\u00edculas para o final das frases em japon\u00eas<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Sobre as conjuga\u00e7\u00f5es dos verbos em japon\u00eas<\/h2>\n<p>Na l\u00edngua japonesa, existem apenas tr\u00eas tempos verbais: presente, passado, presente negativo e passado negativo. Geralmente o tempo futuro \u00e9 realizado com uma estrutura de frases especiais, normalmente usando adv\u00e9rbios de tempo. Mas isso \u00e9 tema para o curso de japon\u00eas intermedi\u00e1rio, que estar\u00e1 dispon\u00edvel em breve.<\/p>\n<p>Outra not\u00edcia boa sobre os verbos em japon\u00eas, \u00e9 que eles s\u00e3o invari\u00e1veis. Isto \u00e9, eles n\u00e3o mudam de forma de acordo com o n\u00famero (plural), g\u00eanero (feminino ou masculino) e nem pessoa (os pronomes em primeira pessoa do singular, plural e etc.). Os verbos v\u00e3o funcionar de forma semelhando \u00e0 dos\u00a0<a title=\"\u0421\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/substantivos-em-japones\/\">os substantivos em japon\u00eas<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>A not\u00edcia ruim, \u00e9 que a l\u00edngua japonesa possui n\u00edveis de formalidade. Isso significa que para cada tempo verbal, teremos duas conjuga\u00e7\u00f5es: uma no modo formal e outra no modo informal. Isso significa que cada verbo em japon\u00eas possui um m\u00ednimo de oito conjuga\u00e7\u00f5es e algumas formas especiais como a forma mashou, a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/%d1%84%d0%be%d1%80%d0%bc%d0%b0-te-%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d1%85-%d0%b3%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b2\/\">forma te<\/a>\u00a0e algumas outras mais.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e3o se preocupe, apesar de assustar um pouco, os verbos em japon\u00eas s\u00e3o mais simples do que a maioria pensa.<\/p>\n<h3>O modo informal de aru e iru<\/h3>\n<p>O modo informal dos verbos em japon\u00eas \u00e9 conhecido como\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/%d0%bd%d0%b5%d1%84%d0%be%d1%80%d0%bc%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d1%8b%d0%b5-%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%b3%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8b\/\">forma do dicion\u00e1rio<\/a>. Ele ficou conhecido assim porque \u00e9 a forma official dos verbos usados em dicion\u00e1rios de japon\u00eas.<\/p>\n<p>Resumidamente, a conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o dos verbos\u00a0<acronym title=\"aru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"iru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0na forma do dicion\u00e1rio ser\u00e1 aprensentado na tabela abaixo:<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"2\" align=\"center\">\n<caption><strong>Conjuga\u00e7\u00f5es do verbo Aru e Iru na forma do dicion\u00e1rio<\/strong><\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"26%\">Tempo verbal<\/th>\n<th width=\"37%\">Conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o do verbo Aru<\/th>\n<th width=\"37%\">Conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o do verbo Iru<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Presente afirmativo<\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"aru\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym><\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"iru\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#f2f2f2\">\n<td>Passado afirmativo<\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"atta\">\u3042\u3063\u305f<\/acronym><\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"itta\">\u3044\u3063\u305f<\/acronym><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435<\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"\u043d\u0430\u0439\">\u306a\u3044<\/acronym><\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"inai\">\u3044\u306a\u3044<\/acronym><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#f2f2f2\">\n<td>\u041d\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0435<\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"nakatta\">\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/acronym><\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"inakatta\">\u3044\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/acronym><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Este tipo de conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o lembra muito a conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o dos\u00a0<a title=\"Adjetivos em japon\u00eas\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/adjetivos-japoneses\/\">adjetivos em japon\u00eas<\/a>. N\u00e3o \u00e9?<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>O modo formal de aru e iru<\/h3>\n<p>O modo formal dos verbos em japon\u00eas \u00e9 conhecido como\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/forma-masu-dos-verbos-em-japones\/\">\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0443<\/a>. Ele ganhou esse nome porque todos os verbos conjugados neste tempo verbal, ganham a termina\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0<acronym title=\"\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0443\">\u307e\u3059<\/acronym>em sua escrita.<\/p>\n<p>Resumidamente, a conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o dos verbos\u00a0<acronym title=\"aru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"iru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0na forma masu ser\u00e1 aprensentado na tabela abaixo:<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"2\" align=\"center\">\n<caption><strong>Conjuga\u00e7\u00f5es do verbo Aru e Iru na forma masu<\/strong><\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Tempo verbal<\/th>\n<th>Conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o do verbo Aru<\/th>\n<th>Conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o do verbo Iru<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Presente afirmativo<\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"arimasu\">\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/acronym><\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"\u0418\u043c\u0430\u0441\u0443\">\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/acronym><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#f2f2f2\">\n<td>Passado afirmativo<\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"arimashita\">\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/acronym><\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"imashita\">\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/acronym><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435<\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"arimasen\">\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/acronym><\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"imasen\">\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/acronym><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr bgcolor=\"#f2f2f2\">\n<td>\u041d\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0435<\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"arimasen deshita\">\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/acronym><\/td>\n<td><acronym title=\"imasen deshita\">\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/acronym><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Como usar aru e iru nas frases em japon\u00eas<\/h2>\n<p>Antes de come\u00e7ar a mostrar alguns exemplos de uso dos verbos\u00a0<acronym title=\"aru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"iru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0em japon\u00eas, vale lembrar que estes dois verbos s\u00e3o muito usados com os\u00a0<a title=\"\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/pronomes-demonstrativos-em-japones\/\">pronomes demonstrativos em japon\u00eas<\/a>. Por isso, recomendo uma revis\u00e3o deste artigo tamb\u00e9m.<\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u00a0<acronym title=\"aru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"iru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0podem ter significados diferentes dependendo do contexto da frase, vou tentar usar exemplos para os significados mais comuns destes dois verbos.<\/p>\n<h3>Verbos aru e iru com significado de existir<\/h3>\n<p>Quando usamos\u00a0<acronym title=\"aru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"iru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0com significado de existir, podemos fazer uso de um padr\u00e3o de frases bem simples da l\u00edngua japonesa:\u00a0<strong>pronome demonstrativo +\u00a0<acronym title=\"ni - Part\u00edcula indicadora de lugar\">\u306b<\/acronym>\u00a0+ sujeito +\u00a0<acronym title=\"ga - part\u00edcula indicadora de sujeito\">\u304c<\/acronym>\u00a0+ iru\/aru<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"koko ni sakana ga iru - Aqui tem (existem) peixes.\">\u3053\u3053<span class=\"orange\">\u306b<\/span>\u9b5a<span class=\"orange\">\u304c<\/span>\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"soko ni pen ga arimasu - Ali tem caneta.\">\u305d\u3053<span class=\"orange\">\u306b<\/span>\u30da\u30f3<span class=\"orange\">\u304c<\/span>\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Nas frases acima, usamos o verbo\u00a0<acronym title=\"iru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0uma vez que\u00a0<acronym title=\"\u0441\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430 - \u0440\u044b\u0431\u0430\">\u9b5a<\/acronym>\u00a0\u00e9 um ser vivo. J\u00e1 na segunda frase, usamos o modo formal de\u00a0<acronym title=\"aru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym>, j\u00e1 que\u00a0<acronym title=\"pen - caneta\">\u30da\u30f3<\/acronym>\u00a0n\u00e3o possui vida nenhuma.<\/p>\n<h3>Verbos aru e iru com significado de estar<\/h3>\n<p>Para usar\u00a0<acronym title=\"aru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"iru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0com sentido de estar, indicando localiza\u00e7\u00e3o, podemos usar um outro padr\u00e3o de frases diferente:\u00a0<strong>sujeito +\u00a0<acronym title=\"wa - part\u00edcula indicadora de t\u00f3pico\/sujeito\">\u306f<\/acronym>\u00a0+ lugar\/adv\u00e9rbio de lugar +\u00a0<acronym title=\"ni - part\u00edcula indicadora de lugar\">\u306b<\/acronym>\u00a0+ aru\/iru.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"yamadasan wa ie ni imasen deshita - Senhor Yamada n\u00e3o estava em casa.\">\u5c71\u7530\u3055\u3093<span class=\"orange\">\u306f<\/span>\u5bb6<span class=\"orange\">\u306b<\/span>\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"hon wa teeburu no ue ni nai - O livro n\u00e3o est\u00e1 em cima da mesa.\">\u672c<span class=\"orange\">\u306f<\/span>\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306e\u4e0a<span class=\"orange\">\u306b<\/span>\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<h3>Verbos aru e iru com significado de ter ou possuir<\/h3>\n<p>Apesar de n\u00e3o ser um modo muito &#8220;correto&#8221; de se usar\u00a0<acronym title=\"aru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"iru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym>, \u00e9 comum encontrar frases que seguem este modelo:\u00a0<strong>\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u00a0<acronym title=\"wa - part\u00edcula de t\u00f3pico.\">\u306f<\/acronym>\u00a0objeto ou predicado\u00a0<acronym title=\"ga - part\u00edcula de sujeito\">\u304c<\/acronym>\u00a0aru\/iru<\/strong>. Nestes casos,\u00a0<acronym title=\"aru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"iru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0passam a possuir o significado de ter algo.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"boku wa conpyuuta ga arimasu - Eu tenho um computador.\">\u50d5<span class=\"orange\">\u306f<\/span>\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf<span class=\"orange\">\u304c<\/span>\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"satomi-chan wa inu ga iru ne? - Satomi tem um cachorro n\u00e3o \u00e9?\">\u91cc\u7f8e\u3061\u3083\u3093<span class=\"orange\">\u306f<\/span>\u72ac<span class=\"orange\">\u304c<\/span>\u3044\u308b\u306d\uff1f<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Apesar de ser comum encontrar frases como as dos exemplos acima, o melhor seria usar os verbos\u00a0<acronym title=\"motsu - ter, possuir\">\u6301\u3064<\/acronym>\u00a0para objetos e\u00a0<acronym title=\"kau - ter e possuir usado com animais, cuidar, criar...\">\u98fc\u3046<\/acronym>\u00a0para animais no lugar de usar\u00a0<acronym title=\"aru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"iru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0412 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/h2>\n<p>Quando usar os verbos\u00a0<acronym title=\"aru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"iru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym>, tenha sempre muita aten\u00e7\u00e3o sobre o sentido da frase. \u00c9 muito comum que estudantes de japon\u00eas usem estes verbos somente de acordo com o sujeito e esque\u00e7am o sentido da frase. Eu j\u00e1 errei muito assim tamb\u00e9m.<\/p>\n<p>Por exemplo:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"sakanaya ni sakana ga arimasu. - Tem peixe (morto e sem vida) na peixaria.\">\u9b5a\u5c4b\u306b\u9b5a\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Tem peixe (vivo) no oceano.\">\u6d77\u6d0b\u306b\u9b5a\u304c\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>A diferen\u00e7a entre as duas frases est\u00e1 no sentido e n\u00e3o nas palavras. Tem peixe morto para consumo na peixaria e peixe vivo nadando no mar. Por isso usamos\u00a0<acronym title=\"aru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3042\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0em uma frase e\u00a0<acronym title=\"iru - ser, existir, ter e estar\">\u3044\u308b<\/acronym>\u00a0na outra.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0437\u0438<\/h2>\n<p>\u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/como-escrever-as-letras-japonesas-kanjis\/\">\u042f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044b<\/a>\u00a0\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435. \u0412\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0437\u0438, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/in\/imprimir-para-treinar-kanas-e-kanjis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0437\u0438<\/a>\u00a0\u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c.<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 141px\" border=\"0\" width=\"456\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u79c1<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u624b<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u7d19<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u66f8<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u9b5a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u5c71<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u7530<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u5bb6<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u672c<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u4e0a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u50d5<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u7f8e<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u91cc<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u6301<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u72ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u98fc<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u5c4b<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u6d77<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u6d0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0423\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043e \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0445 aru \u0438 iru! \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044b \u3042\u308b \u0438 \u3044\u308b - \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":1742,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,73],"tags":[27,71,2,3],"class_list":["post-1741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-verbos-em-japones","tag-gramatica","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/verbos-aru-e-iru-em-japones.png?fit=500%2C400&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2359,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga\/","url_meta":{"origin":1741,"position":0},"title":"\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0443 GA","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"24 de \u041d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Decidir quando usar a part\u00edcula GA ou qualquer outra part\u00edcula n\u00e3o \u00e9 quest\u00e3o de seguir uma regra. A resposta para esta quest\u00e3o depende de muitos fatores usados na constru\u00e7\u00e3o das frases e das outras part\u00edculas que usamos dentro de uma mesma senten\u00e7a. Em alguns casos, isso parece ser mais quest\u00e3o\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u0412 &quot;Part\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Part\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/particulas-em-japones\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Quando usar a part\u00edcula GA","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2132,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/forma-potencial-dos-verbos-japoneses\/","url_meta":{"origin":1741,"position":1},"title":"\u041f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"4 de \u041d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda mais sobre\u00a0a forma potencial dos verbos japoneses! A estrat\u00e9gia de usar a express\u00e3o\u00a0\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u00a0\u00e9 apenas um caminho para expressar a capacidade de exercer uma habilidade. Por isso,\u00a0\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u00a0\u00e9 considerado um caminho de uso rotineiro e informal, voltado para conversas mais casuais. A forma potencial dos verbos japoneses Em ocasi\u00f5es onde precisamos\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u0412 &quot;Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"a forma potencial dos verbos japoneses","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/forma-potencial-dos-verbos-japoneses.png?fit=500%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1785,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/forma-te-dos-verbos-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":1741,"position":2},"title":"\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 TE \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de \u041d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Conhe\u00e7a mais sobre a forma TE dos verbos em japon\u00eas! Hoje vamos conhecer a forma\u00a0\u3066dos verbos em japon\u00eas. A forma\u00a0\u3066\u00a0\u00e9 interessante porque n\u00e3o indica um tempo verbal por si mesmo, mas combinado com outros verbos, pode criar express\u00f5es em tempos verbais diferentes do que vimos at\u00e9 agora. A forma TE\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u0412 &quot;Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A forma TE dos verbos em japon\u00eas - \u3066","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/11\/forma-te-%E3%81%A6-dos-verbos-em-japones.png?fit=500%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1745,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/grupos-de-verbos-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":1741,"position":3},"title":"\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de \u041d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda mais sobre os grupos de verbos em japon\u00eas! Dividir os verbos japoneses em grupos \u00e9 uma pr\u00e1tica did\u00e1tica muito usada por professores e autores de livros de japon\u00eas. Os grupos de verbos em japon\u00eas A ideia \u00e9 facilitar o aprendizado, dividindo os verbos em grupos de acordo com suas\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u0412 &quot;Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Os grupos de verbos em japon\u00eas","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/11\/grupos-de-verbos-em-japones.png?fit=500%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1604,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/curso-de-japones-gratis-guia-de-estudos\/","url_meta":{"origin":1741,"position":4},"title":"\u0411\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 - \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0435","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"16 de \u041d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Veja aqui a lista completa dos posts publicados para o\u00a0Curso de japon\u00eas gr\u00e1tis - Guia de estudos! Est\u00e1 p\u00e1gina funciona como um guia de estudos para o curso de japon\u00eas gr\u00e1tis do L\u00edngua Japonesa, onde qualquer interessado poder\u00e1 aprender japon\u00eas online gratuitamente. O objetivo \u00e9 reunir o m\u00e1ximo de conhecimento\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u0412 &quot;Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Como formar frases em japon\u00eas","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/nihongo_idioma.jpg?fit=477%2C296&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1751,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/modo-informal-dos-verbos-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":1741,"position":5},"title":"\u041d\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de \u041d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda agora o\u00a0modo informal dos verbos em japon\u00eas! A forma simples de um verbo em japon\u00eas seria algo muito pr\u00f3ximo ao infinitivo dos verbos na l\u00edngua portuguesa. Ou seja, essa \u00e9 a forma mais primitiva de um verbo em japon\u00eas. 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