{"id":2089,"date":"2009-11-03T06:17:47","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T08:17:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2089"},"modified":"2026-08-21T20:19:44","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T23:19:44","slug":"%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%b3%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d1%8b%d0%b5-%d0%b2%d1%8b%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/expressoes-verbais-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"\u042f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: 3 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u042d\u0442\u0438 <strong>\u042f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044b, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044b, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u201c\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f\u201d, \u201c\u0438\u0434\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e\u201d \u0438 \u201c\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u0442\u043e\u201d. \u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438: <span lang=\"ja\">A\u304f\uff0fAN\u306b\uff0fN\u306b + \u306a\u308b<\/span> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, <span lang=\"ja\">V\u306b + \u884c\u304f\uff0f\u6765\u308b<\/span> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3042\u3052\u308b\uff0f\u304f\u308c\u308b\uff0f\u3082\u3089\u3046<\/span> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0451\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439<\/h2>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>\u0418\u0434\u0435\u044f<\/th><th>\u041c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/th><th>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">A\u304f\uff0fAN\u306b\uff0fN\u306b + \u306a\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5bd2\u304f\u306a\u308b<\/span> \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/td><td>\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 <span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059 + \u306b + \u884c\u304f\uff0f\u6765\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u672c\u3092\u8cb7\u3044\u306b\u884c\u304f<\/span> \u2014 \u0438\u0434\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0443<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3042\u3052\u308b\uff0f\u304f\u308c\u308b\uff0f\u3082\u3089\u3046<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u672c\u3092\u3082\u3089\u3046<\/span> \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0443<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u0414\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0447\u044c\u044e-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443<\/td><td>\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066 + \u3042\u3052\u308b\uff0f\u304f\u308c\u308b\uff0f\u3082\u3089\u3046<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6559\u3048\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3046<\/span> \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>\u0412\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/%d0%b3%d1%80%d1%83%d0%bf%d0%bf%d1%8b-%d0%b3%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b2-%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bc-%d1%8f%d0%b7%d1%8b%d0%ba%d0%b5\/\">\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435<\/a> \u0438 <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/%d1%84%d0%be%d1%80%d0%bc%d0%b0-%d0%bc%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%83-%d0%b3%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b2-%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bc-%d1%8f%d0%b7%d1%8b%d0%ba\/\">\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u307e\u3059<\/a>. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u044e \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430.<\/p>\n\n<h2>1. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u306a\u308b, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u00ab\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f\u00bb \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f\u00bb<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b <span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u308b<\/span> (<em>\u041d\u0430\u0440\u0443<\/em>) \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0412 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u201c\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f\u201d, \u201c\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f\u201d, \u201c\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f\u201d \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u201c\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c\u201d. \u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e, \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u308b<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>\u0422\u0438\u043f<\/th><th>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/th><th>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3044<\/span><\/td><td>\u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3044<\/span> \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u304f\u306a\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5bd2\u3044 \u2192 \u5bd2\u304f\u306a\u308b<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306a<\/span><\/td><td>\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span> \u043a \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u9759\u304b \u2192 \u9759\u304b\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u0421\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435<\/td><td>\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5148\u751f \u2192 \u5148\u751f\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kyozai.jpf.go.jp\/kyozai\/material\/BTS00126\/ja\/render.do\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Japan Foundation \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 A\u304f\uff0fAN\u306b\uff0fN\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/a> \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c <span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u308b<\/span> \u0441 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u3044 + \u304f\u306a\u308b<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u0423\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3044<\/span> \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u304f\u306a\u308b<\/span>:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u5bd2\u3044 \u2192 \u5bd2\u304f\u306a\u308b<\/span> (<em>samui \u2192 samuku naru<\/em>) \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c;<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u96e3\u3057\u3044 \u2192 \u96e3\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308b<\/span> (<em>muzukashii \u2192 muzukashiku naru<\/em>) \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c;<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u65b0\u3057\u3044 \u2192 \u65b0\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308b<\/span> (<em>atarashii \u2192 atarashiku naru<\/em>) \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c, \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3044\u3044<\/span> \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3088\u304f\u306a\u308b<\/span>, \u201c\u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f\u201d \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u201c\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f\u201d, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3088\u3044<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u5929\u6c17\u304c\u6696\u304b\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Tenki ga atatakaku narimashita.<\/em><br \/>\n\u041f\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0435.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u306a \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 + \u306b\u306a\u308b<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u0421 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306a<\/span>, \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306a<\/span> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u308b<\/span>. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443, \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306b<\/span>:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u9759\u304b\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span> (<em>shizuka ni naru<\/em>) \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0438\u0445\u0438\u043c;<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u5143\u6c17\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span> (<em>genki ni naru<\/em>) \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c;<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u6709\u540d\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span> (<em>y\u016bmei ni naru<\/em>) \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044b\u043c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>\u0421\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0443:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u5148\u751f\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span> (<em>sensei ni naru<\/em>) \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c;<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u6625\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span> (<em>haru ni naru<\/em>) \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0435, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439;<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u4e09\u5e74\u751f\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span> (<em>sannensei ni naru<\/em>) \u2014 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0434.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%bf%d1%8b-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b5%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d1%8b%d1%85-%d0%b2-%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bc-%d1%8f%d0%b7%d1%8b%d0%ba%d0%b5\/\">\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u3044 \u0438 \u306a<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u306a\u308b<\/h3>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430<\/th><th>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430<\/th><th>\u0412\u0435\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u041d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u308b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u041d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u3063\u305f<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u041d\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0435<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u3089\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u201c\u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430\u201d. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0435-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0435, \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u306a\u308b \u0438 \u3059\u308b: \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435<\/h3>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u308b<\/span> \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430. <span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u308b<\/span> \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u0442\u043e, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u90e8\u5c4b\u304c\u304d\u308c\u3044\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Heya ga kirei ni narimashita.<\/em><br \/>\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u90e8\u5c4b\u3092\u304d\u308c\u3044\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Heya o kirei ni shimashita.<\/em><br \/>\n\u042f \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u041d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b \u0432 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u308b<\/span> \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044f <span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u308b<\/span> \u043d\u0430 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span>. <span lang=\"ja\">\u52c9\u5f37\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span>, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u201c\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c\u201d \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u201c\u043f\u043e\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u201d: <span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u8a71\u306f\u52c9\u5f37\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/span> \u2014 \u201c\u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u201d. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u201c\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<h2>2. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0434\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b <span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059<\/span>, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0443 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306b<\/span> \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 + <span lang=\"ja\">\u3078\uff0f\u306b<\/span> + \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 + <span lang=\"ja\">\u3092<\/span> + \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 <span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059 + \u306b + \u884c\u304f\uff0f\u6765\u308b\uff0f\u5e30\u308b<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kyozai.jpf.go.jp\/kyozai\/material\/BTS00046\/ja\/render.do\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Japan Foundation \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u306b \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438<\/a> \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u044f, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u306b<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0435\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059<\/span>:<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u307e\u3059<\/th><th>\u0420\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/th><th>Express\u00e3o<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8cb7\u3044<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8cb7\u3044\u306b\u884c\u304f<\/span> \u2014 \u0438\u0434\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u306b\u884c\u304f<\/span> \u2014 \u0438\u0434\u0442\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u898b\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u898b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u898b\u306b\u6765\u308b<\/span> \u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u52c9\u5f37\u3057<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u306b\u6765\u308b<\/span> \u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u672c\u5c4b\u3078\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u8f9e\u66f8\u3092\u8cb7\u3044\u306b\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Hon\u2019ya e nihongo no jisho o kai ni ikimasu.<\/em><br \/>\n\u042f \u0438\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043d \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u53cb\u3060\u3061\u304c\u3046\u3061\u3078\u904a\u3073\u306b\u6765\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Tomodachi ga uchi e asobi ni kimashita.<\/em><br \/>\n\u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0451\u043b \u043a\u043e \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0439, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u5fd8\u308c\u7269\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u306b\u5e30\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Wasuremono o tori ni kaerimasu.<\/em><br \/>\n\u042f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0435-\u0447\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0435.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: <span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u308b<\/span> \u044d\u0442\u043e \u201c\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u201d \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u201c\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0451\u0442\u201d, \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a <span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u305f\uff0f\u6765\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/span> \u2014 \u201c\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0451\u043b\u201d. \u041d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0443\u044e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0443\u044e \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u0421\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 + \u306b<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306b<\/span>:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u8cb7\u3044\u7269\u306b\u884c\u304f<\/span> \u2014 \u0438\u0434\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438;<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u6563\u6b69\u306b\u884c\u304f<\/span> \u2014 \u0438\u0434\u0442\u0438 \u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c;<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u52c9\u5f37\u306b\u6765\u308b<\/span> \u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>\u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0435, <span lang=\"ja\">\u306b<\/span> \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c; \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043e <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/particula-ni-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bc-%d1%8f%d0%b7%d1%8b%d0%ba%d0%b5\/\">\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u306b \u0432 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/a> \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n\n<!--Ads6-->\n\n<h2>3. \u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c: \u3042\u3052\u308b, \u304f\u308c\u308b \u0438 \u3082\u3089\u3046<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044b <span lang=\"ja\">\u3042\u3052\u308b<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u304f\u308c\u308b<\/span> e <span lang=\"ja\">\u3082\u3089\u3046<\/span> \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b. \u041d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u201c\u043a\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442?\u201d; \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b<\/th><th>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430<\/th><th>\u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3042\u3052\u308b<\/span><\/td><td>\u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0443<\/td><td>A <span lang=\"ja\">\u306f<\/span> B <span lang=\"ja\">\u306b<\/span> \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3092\u3042\u3052\u308b<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u304f\u308c\u308b<\/span><\/td><td>\u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443-\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b<\/td><td>A <span lang=\"ja\">\u304c\uff0f\u306f<\/span> \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306b<\/span> \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3092\u304f\u308c\u308b<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3082\u3089\u3046<\/span><\/td><td>\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b<\/td><td>recebedor <span lang=\"ja\">\u306f<\/span> A <span lang=\"ja\">\u306b\uff0f\u304b\u3089<\/span> \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3092\u3082\u3089\u3046<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>O <a href=\"https:\/\/www.coelang.tufs.ac.jp\/modules\/ja\/gmod\/courses\/c01\/lesson22\/step1\/explanation\/085.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">m\u00f3dulo da Tokyo University of Foreign Studies sobre dar e receber<\/a> explica que esses verbos podem apresentar o mesmo acontecimento sob pontos de vista diferentes.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u79c1\u306f\u59b9\u306b\u672c\u3092\u3042\u3052\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Watashi wa im\u014dto ni hon o agemashita.<\/em><br \/>\nDei um livro \u00e0 minha irm\u00e3 mais nova.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u6728\u6751\u3055\u3093\u304c\u79c1\u306b\u672c\u3092\u304f\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Kimura-san ga watashi ni hon o kuremashita.<\/em><br \/>\nKimura me deu um livro.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u79c1\u306f\u6728\u6751\u3055\u3093\u306b\u672c\u3092\u3082\u3089\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Watashi wa Kimura-san ni hon o moraimashita.<\/em><br \/>\nRecebi um livro de Kimura.<\/p>\n\n<p>As duas \u00faltimas frases podem descrever a mesma transfer\u00eancia. Com <span lang=\"ja\">\u304f\u308c\u308b<\/span>, Kimura \u00e9 o sujeito e o objeto vem em dire\u00e7\u00e3o ao falante. Com <span lang=\"ja\">\u3082\u3089\u3046<\/span>, o falante \u00e9 o sujeito e apresenta a a\u00e7\u00e3o como recebimento. Em frases com <span lang=\"ja\">\u3082\u3089\u3046<\/span>, a origem tamb\u00e9m pode ser marcada por <span lang=\"ja\">\u043e\u0442<\/span>: <span lang=\"ja\">\u6728\u6751\u3055\u3093\u304b\u3089\u672c\u3092\u3082\u3089\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Forma \u3066 + \u3042\u3052\u308b, \u304f\u308c\u308b e \u3082\u3089\u3046<\/h2>\n\n<p>Quando esses verbos v\u00eam depois da <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/%d1%84%d0%be%d1%80%d0%bc%d0%b0-te-%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d1%85-%d0%b3%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b2\/\">\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u3066<\/a>, a \u201ctransfer\u00eancia\u201d passa a ser uma a\u00e7\u00e3o realizada em benef\u00edcio de algu\u00e9m ou recebida com ajuda de algu\u00e9m:<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>\u041c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/th><th>Ponto de vista<\/th><th>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3042\u3052\u308b<\/span><\/td><td>o sujeito faz algo para outra pessoa<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u53cb\u3060\u3061\u306b\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u6559\u3048\u3066\u3042\u3052\u305f<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b<\/span><\/td><td>algu\u00e9m faz algo para mim ou para meu grupo<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u53cb\u3060\u3061\u304c\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u6559\u3048\u3066\u304f\u308c\u305f<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3046<\/span><\/td><td>recebo ou solicito a a\u00e7\u00e3o de algu\u00e9m<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u53cb\u3060\u3061\u306b\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u6559\u3048\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3063\u305f<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u53cb\u3060\u3061\u304c\u5bbf\u984c\u3092\u624b\u4f1d\u3063\u3066\u304f\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Tomodachi ga shukudai o tetsudatte kuremashita.<\/em><br \/>\nUm amigo me ajudou com a tarefa.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u79c1\u306f\u5148\u751f\u306b\u4f5c\u6587\u3092\u76f4\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Watashi wa sensei ni sakubun o naoshite moraimashita.<\/em><br \/>\nPedi ao professor que corrigisse minha reda\u00e7\u00e3o e recebi essa ajuda.<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3042\u3052\u308b<\/span> pode soar como se o falante estivesse destacando o favor que fez. Ao falar diretamente com quem recebeu a a\u00e7\u00e3o, nem sempre \u00e9 a escolha mais discreta. Em contexto formal, formas como <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u308b<\/span> e <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3060\u304f<\/span> expressam respeito, mas pertencem a uma etapa posterior do estudo.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Di\u00e1logo com os tr\u00eas padr\u00f5es<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>\u0410:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u304c\u4e0a\u624b\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<em>Nihongo ga j\u014dzu ni narimashita ne.<\/em><br \/>\nSeu japon\u00eas melhorou, n\u00e3o \u00e9?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u0411:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u3042\u308a\u304c\u3068\u3046\u3054\u3056\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6bce\u9031\u3001\u5148\u751f\u306b\u4f1a\u8a71\u3092\u6559\u3048\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<em>Arigat\u014d gozaimasu. Maish\u016b, sensei ni kaiwa o oshiete moratte imasu.<\/em><br \/>\nObrigado. Toda semana, recebo aulas de conversa\u00e7\u00e3o do professor.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u0410:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u3082\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u306b\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<em>Ky\u014d mo benky\u014d shi ni ikimasu ka.<\/em><br \/>\nHoje voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m vai estudar?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u0411:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u306f\u3044\u3002\u5148\u751f\u304c\u99c5\u307e\u3067\u8fce\u3048\u306b\u6765\u3066\u304f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<em>Hai. Sensei ga eki made mukae ni kite kuremasu.<\/em><br \/>\nSim. O professor vir\u00e1 me buscar na esta\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n<p>O di\u00e1logo usa <span lang=\"ja\">\u4e0a\u624b\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span> para mudan\u00e7a, <span lang=\"ja\">\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u306b\u884c\u304f<\/span> e <span lang=\"ja\">\u8fce\u3048\u306b\u6765\u308b<\/span> para finalidade, al\u00e9m de <span lang=\"ja\">\u6559\u3048\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3046<\/span> e <span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b<\/span> para a\u00e7\u00f5es apresentadas como ajuda.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Erros comuns<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c <span lang=\"ja\">\u306a<\/span> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306a\u308b<\/span>:<\/strong> \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u9759\u304b\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span>, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u9759\u304b\u306a\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Esquecer a forma especial de \u3044\u3044:<\/strong> \u201cficar melhor\u201d \u00e9 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3088\u304f\u306a\u308b<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c <span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u308b<\/span> \u043d\u0430 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span> mecanicamente:<\/strong> express\u00f5es como <span lang=\"ja\">\u52c9\u5f37\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span> t\u00eam significado pr\u00f3prio.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Usar o verbo na forma do dicion\u00e1rio antes de \u306b de finalidade:<\/strong> \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u306b\u884c\u304f<\/span>, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u308b\u306b\u884c\u304f<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Traduzir <span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u308b<\/span> como \u201cveio\u201d:<\/strong> o passado \u00e9 <span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u305f\uff0f\u6765\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Escolher \u3042\u3052\u308b, \u304f\u308c\u308b e \u3082\u3089\u3046 apenas pela tradu\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/strong> observe quem d\u00e1, quem recebe e de qual perspectiva a frase \u00e9 constru\u00edda.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441 <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3042\u3052\u308b<\/span> como forma neutra de gentileza:<\/strong> ela pode destacar o favor e requer aten\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre as pessoas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>\u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/h2>\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u6691\u3044<\/span> em \u201cficar quente\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u5143\u6c17<\/span> em \u201cficar bem\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>Complete: <span lang=\"ja\">\u6620\u753b\u3092\u898b\uff08\u3000\uff09\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Diga \u201cMinha amiga veio estudar japon\u00eas\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>Escolha o verbo: <span lang=\"ja\">\u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u304c\u79c1\u306b\u304a\u83d3\u5b50\u3092\uff08\u3042\u3052\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff0f\u304f\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Reescreva \u201cO professor corrigiu minha reda\u00e7\u00e3o para mim\u201d usando <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3046<\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p><strong>\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b:<\/strong> 1. <span lang=\"ja\">\u6691\u304f\u306a\u308b<\/span>; 2. <span lang=\"ja\">\u5143\u6c17\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/span>; 3. <span lang=\"ja\">\u306b<\/span>\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u6620\u753b\u3092\u898b\u306b\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059<\/span>; 4. <span lang=\"ja\">\u53cb\u3060\u3061\u304c\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u306b\u6765\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/span>; 5. <span lang=\"ja\">\u304f\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/span>, porque o objeto veio para o falante; 6. <span lang=\"ja\">\u79c1\u306f\u5148\u751f\u306b\u4f5c\u6587\u3092\u76f4\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u044e\u043c\u0435<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">A\u304f\uff0fAN\u306b\uff0fN\u306b + \u306a\u308b<\/span> apresenta uma mudan\u00e7a e o estado resultante.<\/li>\n<li>O radical de <span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059 + \u306b + \u884c\u304f\uff0f\u6765\u308b\uff0f\u5e30\u308b<\/span> apresenta a finalidade de um movimento.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3042\u3052\u308b<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u304f\u308c\u308b<\/span> e <span lang=\"ja\">\u3082\u3089\u3046<\/span> descrevem dar e receber sob perspectivas diferentes.<\/li>\n<li>Depois da forma <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066<\/span>, esses verbos mostram uma a\u00e7\u00e3o realizada ou recebida como benef\u00edcio.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Esses padr\u00f5es ficam mais f\u00e1ceis quando voc\u00ea analisa a fun\u00e7\u00e3o de cada elemento, em vez de traduzir palavra por palavra. Para praticar a ordem dos componentes e a omiss\u00e3o do sujeito, continue pelo guia sobre <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%ba-%d1%81%d0%be%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%bb%d1%8f%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b4%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba\/\">\u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-c2373870306ff\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0441 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-e2794fb1bdb06\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u306a\u308b \u0432 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u306a\u308b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u3044 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u3044 + \u304f\u306a\u308b, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u306a + \u306b\u306a\u308b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 + \u306b\u306a\u308b.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-fba8bc59e0170\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u043e-\u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u3088\u304f\u306a\u308b. \u0425\u043e\u0442\u044f \u3044\u3044 \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u2018\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0439\u2019, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u3088\u3044; \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u2014 \u3088\u304f\u306a\u308b, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u3044\u304f\u306a\u308b.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-10b1015ac37f2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u00ab\u043f\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e\u00bb \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u0423\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u307e\u3059 \u0438\u0437 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u306b \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3059 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u8cb7\u3044\u306b\u884c\u304f, \u2018\u0438\u0434\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c\u2019.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-11d08c300706f\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u0412 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u3042\u3052\u308b \u0438 \u304f\u308c\u308b?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u3042\u3052\u308b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e, \u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e. \u304f\u308c\u308b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e, \u0438\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043a \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443-\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-6c316a9dc2c6e\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u0412 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u304f\u308c\u308b \u0438 \u3082\u3089\u3046?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u0421 \u304f\u308c\u308b, \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043c, \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443. \u0421 \u3082\u3089\u3046, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043c, \u0438 \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-44b028720d4c9\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c V\u3066\u3042\u3052\u308b, V\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b \u0438 V\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3046?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u3042\u3052\u308b, \u304f\u308c\u308b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u3082\u3089\u3046 \u043a \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u3066. \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435, \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u0442\u043e, \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441 \u0447\u044c\u0435\u0439-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-54f0b4f91e22e\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u52c9\u5f37\u306b\u306a\u308b?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u52c9\u5f37\u306b\u306a\u308b \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430, \u043e\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u3059\u308b.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u306a\u308b, \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441 \u306b\u884c\u304f \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0443 \u3042\u3052\u308b, \u304f\u308c\u308b \u0438 \u3082\u3089\u3046.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2090,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,73,60],"tags":[69,2,3],"class_list":["post-2089","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-verbos-em-japones","category-vocabulario-japones","tag-curso-japones-gratis","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2089","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2089"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2089\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4449,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2089\/revisions\/4449"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2090"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2089"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2089"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2089"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}