{"id":1107,"date":"2009-11-15T17:44:53","date_gmt":"2009-11-15T19:44:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1107"},"modified":"2026-08-08T20:39:48","modified_gmt":"2026-08-08T23:39:48","slug":"ako-pouzivat-japonsku-abecedu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/como-usar-o-alfabeto-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Kedy pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 hiraganu, katakanu a kand\u017ei v japonskom p\u00edsme"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hiragana, katakana a kand\u017ei sa objavuj\u00fa spolo\u010dne, preto\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd syst\u00e9m pln\u00ed v japonskom p\u00edsme in\u00e9 funkcie. V praxi hiragana zaznamen\u00e1va gramatick\u00e9 prvky a ohybn\u00e9 \u010dasti slov, katakana je be\u017en\u00e1 pri prevzat\u00fdch slov\u00e1ch, cudz\u00edch men\u00e1ch a ur\u010dit\u00fdch v\u00fdrazov\u00fdch efektoch, a kand\u017ei s\u00fastre\u010fuje ve\u013ek\u00fa \u010das\u0165 lexik\u00e1lnej inform\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tieto funkcie s\u00fa tendenciami pou\u017e\u00edvania, nie pevn\u00fdmi kateg\u00f3riami. Slovo sa m\u00f4\u017ee objavi\u0165 s r\u00f4znymi pravopismi v z\u00e1vislosti od kontextu, publika alebo po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho efektu. T\u00e1to pr\u00edru\u010dka ukazuje, ako rozpozna\u0165 najbe\u017enej\u0161iu vo\u013ebu bez opakovania <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/abeceda-japoncina-hiragana-e-katakana\/\">\u00fapln\u00fdch tabuliek hiragany a katakany<\/a> ani preh\u013eadu <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/abeceda-japoncina-uvod\/\">troch syst\u00e9mov japonsk\u00e9ho p\u00edsma<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">R\u00fdchla odpove\u010f: ktor\u00fd syst\u00e9m pou\u017ei\u0165?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Syst\u00e9m<\/th><th>Najbe\u017enej\u0161ie pou\u017eitie<\/th><th>Pr\u00edklad<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Hiragana<\/td><td>\u010castice, gramatick\u00e9 koncovky a slov\u00e1 zvy\u010dajne p\u00edsan\u00e9 kana<\/td><td>\u306f, \u3092, \u3053\u308c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Katakana<\/td><td>Prevzat\u00e9 slov\u00e1, cudzie men\u00e1, technick\u00e9 term\u00edny, zvuky a \u0161tylistick\u00e9 zv\u00fdraznenie<\/td><td>\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc, \u30de\u30ea\u30a2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kanji<\/td><td>Lexik\u00e1lne korene mnoh\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch mien, slovies a pr\u00eddavn\u00fdch mien<\/td><td>\u65e5\u672c, \u98f2\u3080, \u65b0\u3057\u3044<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Naju\u017eito\u010dnej\u0161ie ment\u00e1lne pravidlo je sledova\u0165 funkciu vo vete. Kana predstavuj\u00fa zvuky; kand\u017ei tie\u017e pom\u00e1haj\u00fa nazna\u010di\u0165 v\u00fdznam a vizu\u00e1lne oddeli\u0165 slov\u00e1 v jazyku, ktor\u00fd zvy\u010dajne nepou\u017e\u00edva medzery medzi slovami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kedy pou\u017ei\u0165 hiraganu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hiragana nesl\u00fa\u017ei len na \u201cjaponsk\u00e9 slov\u00e1\u201d. Objavuje sa hlavne tam, kde mus\u00ed by\u0165 gramatika vidite\u013en\u00e1 a kde konven\u010dn\u00fd pravopis uprednost\u0148uje kana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gramatick\u00e9 \u010dastice<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010castice ako \u306f, \u304c, \u3092, \u306b a \u3067 sa p\u00ed\u0161u hiraganou. Ukazuj\u00fa vz\u0165ahy ako t\u00e9ma, subjekt, objekt, smer, miesto a prostriedok. Niektor\u00e9 maj\u00fa v tejto funkcii \u0161peci\u00e1lne \u010d\u00edtanie: \u306f sa vyslovuje <em>wa<\/em>, \u3092 sa zvy\u010dajne vyslovuje <em>o<\/em> a \u3078, ke\u010f je \u010dasticou, sa \u010d\u00edta <em>e<\/em>. Ak chcete \u0161tudova\u0165 tieto rozdiely s pr\u00edkladmi, pozrite si pr\u00edru\u010dku o <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/zakladne-castice-v-japoncine\/\">z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 \u010dastice v japon\u010dine<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Okurigana a ohyby<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri mnoh\u00fdch sloves\u00e1ch a pr\u00eddavn\u00fdch men\u00e1ch kand\u017ei prin\u00e1\u0161a lexik\u00e1lny z\u00e1klad a hiragana ukazuje ohybn\u00fa \u010das\u0165, naz\u00fdvan\u00fa <em>okurigana<\/em>. Porovnajte:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059\uff08\u305f\u3079\u307e\u3059\uff09\u2014 jes\u0165;<\/li><li>\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff08\u305f\u3079\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff09\u2014 jedol som;<\/li><li>\u65b0\u3057\u3044\uff08\u3042\u305f\u3089\u3057\u3044\uff09\u2014 nov\u00fd.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010cas\u0165 v hiragane sa men\u00ed pod\u013ea \u010dasu, tvaru alebo koncovky, zatia\u013e \u010do kand\u017ei zachov\u00e1va \u00fastredn\u00fa inform\u00e1ciu slova. Japonsk\u00e1 agent\u00fara pre kult\u00farne z\u00e1le\u017eitosti udr\u017eiava <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bunka.go.jp\/kokugo_nihongo\/sisaku\/joho\/joho\/kijun\/naikaku\/okurikana\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ofici\u00e1lne smernice pre okuriganu<\/a>, ktor\u00e9 sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa ako referen\u010dn\u00fd r\u00e1mec pre modern\u00e9 p\u00edsanie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Slov\u00e1 zvy\u010dajne p\u00edsan\u00e9 v kane<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Niektor\u00e9 slov\u00e1 sa \u010dasto p\u00ed\u0161u v hiragane, aj ke\u010f existuje forma s kand\u017ei. M\u00f4\u017ee to by\u0165 z d\u00f4vodu konvencie, frekvencie, \u010ditate\u013enosti alebo vhodnosti pre publikum. \u3053\u308c, \u307e\u3060 a \u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 s\u00fa be\u017en\u00e9 pr\u00edklady. Preto znalos\u0165 mo\u017en\u00e9ho kand\u017ei neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee je prirodzenou vo\u013ebou v ka\u017edej vete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hiragana sa m\u00f4\u017ee objavi\u0165 aj ako furigana, v men\u0161ej ve\u013ekosti, na ozna\u010denie \u010d\u00edtania kand\u017ei. Vo vzdel\u00e1vac\u00edch materi\u00e1loch a textoch ur\u010den\u00fdch \u0161pecifick\u00fdm \u010ditate\u013eom tento prostriedok umo\u017e\u0148uje prezentova\u0165 znaky bez skrytia ich v\u00fdslovnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kedy pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 katakanu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Katakana sa sp\u00e1ja najm\u00e4 s cudz\u00edmi slovami, ale jej pou\u017eitie je \u0161ir\u0161ie. Pravopis sleduje zvuky dostupn\u00e9 v japon\u010dine a zau\u017e\u00edvan\u00fa formu slova, nie doslovn\u00fa k\u00f3piu p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho pravopisu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prevzat\u00e9 slov\u00e1, cudzie men\u00e1 a miesta<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Slov\u00e1 prevzat\u00e9 z in\u00fdch jazykov sa \u010dasto objavuj\u00fa v katakane: \u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc (<em>k\u014dh\u012b<\/em>, k\u00e1va), \u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb (<em>t\u0113buru<\/em>, st\u00f4l) a \u30d0\u30b9 (<em>basu<\/em>, autobus). Cudzie osobn\u00e9 a zemepisn\u00e9 men\u00e1 sa tie\u017e zvy\u010dajne prepisuj\u00fa t\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom, ale pravopis by mal nasledova\u0165 v\u00fdslovnos\u0165 a preferovan\u00fa formu samotnej osoby, ak existuje. \u010cl\u00e1nok o <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/ako-napisat-svoje-meno-po-japonsky\/\">ako nap\u00edsa\u0165 svoje meno v japon\u010dine<\/a> vysvet\u013euje tento proces podrobnej\u0161ie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ofici\u00e1lne japonsk\u00e9 smernice sa explicitne zaoberaj\u00fa p\u00edsan\u00edm prevzat\u00fdch slov, topon\u00fdm a cudz\u00edch antropon\u00fdm v katakane, vr\u00e1tane kombin\u00e1ci\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch na pribl\u00ed\u017eenie zvukov, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou tradi\u010dn\u00e9ho invent\u00e1ra. Referenciou je str\u00e1nka <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bunka.go.jp\/kokugo_nihongo\/sisaku\/joho\/joho\/kijun\/naikaku\/gairai\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u201cPravopis cudz\u00edch slov\u201d Agent\u00fary pre kult\u00farne z\u00e1le\u017eitosti<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zvuky, technick\u00e9 term\u00edny a d\u00f4raz<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Katakana m\u00f4\u017ee predstavova\u0165 onomatopoje a mimikry, ako \u30c9\u30ad\u30c9\u30ad pre zr\u00fdchlen\u00fd tep. To neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd zvukov\u00fd efekt mus\u00ed by\u0165 nap\u00edsan\u00fd v katakane: hiragana sa tie\u017e objavuje a v\u00fdber m\u00f4\u017ee zmeni\u0165 vizu\u00e1lny dojem alebo t\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O sistema tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 comum em nomes cient\u00edficos, certas categorias t\u00e9cnicas, publicidade, placas e destaque estil\u00edstico. Compar\u00e1-lo diretamente ao it\u00e1lico ajuda apenas como aproxima\u00e7\u00e3o: katakana tem usos pr\u00f3prios e n\u00e3o substitui automaticamente toda \u00eanfase que seria feita em portugu\u00eas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quando usar kanji<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kanji aparece em muitas palavras de conte\u00fado, sobretudo substantivos e bases de verbos e adjetivos. \u65e5\u672c indica Jap\u00e3o, \u98f2 em \u98f2\u307f\u307e\u3059 carrega a ideia de beber e \u65b0 em \u65b0\u3057\u3044 participa da palavra \u201cnovo\u201d. Os caracteres ajudam o leitor a reconhecer palavras, sentidos e limites visuais dentro da frase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Isso n\u00e3o cria uma regra de \u201cusar kanji o m\u00e1ximo poss\u00edvel\u201d. A grafia real depende da palavra, da conven\u00e7\u00e3o, do p\u00fablico e do suporte. Caracteres raros ou leituras pouco previs\u00edveis podem receber furigana ou ser substitu\u00eddos por kana quando a clareza exigir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A lista de j\u014dy\u014d kanji funciona como refer\u00eancia para o uso de caracteres na vida social contempor\u00e2nea, n\u00e3o como cat\u00e1logo de tudo o que existe nem como ordem universal de estudo. A formula\u00e7\u00e3o oficial est\u00e1 na <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bunka.go.jp\/kokugo_nihongo\/sisaku\/joho\/joho\/kijun\/naikaku\/kanji\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lista de kanji de uso comum da Ag\u00eancia para Assuntos Culturais<\/a>. Para aprender caracteres no contexto de palavras e leituras, use o <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/kanji\/\">kompletn\u00fd sprievodca kand\u017ei<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Como os tr\u00eas aparecem na mesma frase<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Observe uma frase simples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u79c1\u306f\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc\u3092\u98f2\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><p>\u308f\u305f\u3057\u306f\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc\u3092\u306e\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><p><em>Watashi wa k\u014dh\u012b o nomimasu.<\/em><\/p><p>Pijem k\u00e1vu.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u79c1<\/strong> e <strong>\u98f2<\/strong> s\u00e3o kanji e carregam informa\u00e7\u00e3o lexical;<\/li><li><strong>\u306f<\/strong>, <strong>\u3092<\/strong> e <strong>\u307f\u307e\u3059<\/strong> est\u00e3o em hiragana e mostram rela\u00e7\u00f5es gramaticais e flex\u00e3o;<\/li><li><strong>\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc<\/strong> est\u00e1 em katakana por ser um empr\u00e9stimo incorporado ao japon\u00eas.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A frase deixa claro por que os sistemas n\u00e3o competem entre si. Cada um contribui para a leitura. Em vez de tentar escolher um \u00fanico \u201calfabeto\u201d, o estudante aprende a reconhecer a fun\u00e7\u00e3o de cada trecho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O que fazer quando voc\u00ea n\u00e3o conhece o kanji<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Escrever uma palavra em hiragana pode permitir que ela seja lida, mas isso n\u00e3o garante que a frase fique igualmente natural ou f\u00e1cil de interpretar. Sem espa\u00e7os, uma sequ\u00eancia longa de kana pode esconder os limites entre palavras e criar ambiguidades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para estudar, prefira consultar a grafia usada em dicion\u00e1rios e exemplos reais. Ao digitar, o m\u00e9todo de entrada sugere convers\u00f5es para kanji, mas \u00e9 preciso confirmar se o caractere corresponde \u00e0 palavra pretendida. Em materiais de aprendizagem, furigana \u00e9 uma alternativa melhor do que evitar todo kanji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Erros comuns ao escolher a escrita<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Tratar os tr\u00eas sistemas como alfabetos equivalentes.<\/strong> Hiragana e katakana s\u00e3o silab\u00e1rios de mora; kanji funciona de outra forma.<\/li><li><strong>Transcrever a ortografia estrangeira letra por letra.<\/strong> Katakana representa uma adapta\u00e7\u00e3o sonora e segue formas convencionais.<\/li><li><strong>Usar katakana apenas para palavras inglesas.<\/strong> Empr\u00e9stimos podem vir de v\u00e1rios idiomas, al\u00e9m de nomes, sons e usos estil\u00edsticos.<\/li><li><strong>For\u00e7ar kanji onde a forma em kana \u00e9 mais natural.<\/strong> A exist\u00eancia de um caractere n\u00e3o torna seu uso obrigat\u00f3rio.<\/li><li><strong>Memorizar caracteres fora de palavras.<\/strong> Leituras e sentidos ficam mais claros quando aprendidos em vocabul\u00e1rio e frases.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Como praticar a escolha de cada sistema<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Comece dominando o reconhecimento dos kana e avance para kanji dentro de palavras \u00fateis. O <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/abeceda-japoncina-hiragana-katakana-prirucka-studium-2\/\">guia de estudos de hiragana e katakana<\/a> organiza a pr\u00e1tica inicial, enquanto o <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/kurz-japones-gratis-study-guide\/\">roteiro gratuito para iniciantes<\/a> mostra onde a escrita entra na sequ\u00eancia geral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ao ler uma frase curta, marque mentalmente: \u201cgram\u00e1tica em hiragana\u201d, \u201cempr\u00e9stimo ou efeito em katakana\u201d e \u201cbase lexical em kanji\u201d. Depois confirme as exce\u00e7\u00f5es. A Japan Foundation recomenda relacionar a aprendizagem das formas escritas a palavras que o estudante j\u00e1 ouviu e conhece, conforme explica em suas <a href=\"https:\/\/marugoto.jpf.go.jp\/en\/teacher\/qateaching\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">orienta\u00e7\u00f5es de ensino do Marugoto<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O que observar na pr\u00f3xima leitura<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na pr\u00f3xima vez que encontrar uma frase japonesa, n\u00e3o tente traduzir tudo de imediato. Primeiro identifique os tr\u00eas tipos de escrita e pergunte qual fun\u00e7\u00e3o cada trecho exerce. Esse h\u00e1bito transforma a \u201cmistura\u201d em um mapa: hiragana revela a gram\u00e1tica, katakana sinaliza classes de palavras e efeitos recorrentes, e kanji destaca n\u00facleos de significado.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-5ae8e55788237\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Je mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u00edsa\u0165 v\u0161etko v hiragane?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Hiragana dok\u00e1\u017ee reprezentova\u0165 v\u00fdslovnos\u0165 japonsk\u00fdch slov, ale p\u00edsanie celej vety iba s n\u00edm m\u00f4\u017ee zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 \u010ditate\u013enos\u0165 a vytvori\u0165 nejednozna\u010dnosti. Konven\u010dn\u00e9 p\u00edsanie kombinuje hiraganu, katakanu a kand\u017ei.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-9b6f89aa497cf\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">S\u00fa cudzie men\u00e1 v\u017edy p\u00edsan\u00e9 v katakane?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Cudzie men\u00e1 sa zvy\u010dajne prepisuj\u00fa do katakany pod\u013ea v\u00fdslovnosti a zvukov dostupn\u00fdch v japon\u010dine. Ak existuje ofici\u00e1lny alebo preferovan\u00fd pravopis danej osoby, treba ho re\u0161pektova\u0165.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-b9897b7f984eb\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">S\u00fa onomatopoje v\u017edy p\u00edsan\u00e9 v katakane?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Nie. Onomatopoje a mim\u00e9ty sa m\u00f4\u017eu vyskytova\u0165 v katakane alebo hiragane. V\u00fdber z\u00e1vis\u00ed od konvencie, kontextu a po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho vizu\u00e1lneho alebo expres\u00edvneho efektu.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-28b4bc416cce5\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">M\u00e1 by\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00e9 slovo japonsk\u00e9ho p\u00f4vodu nap\u00edsan\u00e9 v hiragane?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Nie. Mnoh\u00e9 slov\u00e1 japonsk\u00e9ho p\u00f4vodu pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa kand\u017ei, hiraganu alebo kombin\u00e1ciu oboch. Prirodzen\u00fd pravopis z\u00e1vis\u00ed od slova, konvencie a publika.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-423c322b574e2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Je lep\u0161ie nau\u010di\u0165 sa najprv katakanu alebo kand\u017ei?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Pre za\u010diato\u010dn\u00edkov je u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 hiraganu a katakanu skoro a za\u010da\u0165 s kand\u017ei postupne v r\u00e1mci slov a viet. Nie je potrebn\u00e9 \u010daka\u0165, k\u00fdm dokon\u010d\u00edte v\u0161etky kana, aby ste spoznali prv\u00e9 kand\u017ei.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pochopte, kedy pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 hiraganu, katakanu a kand\u017ei, ako sa tieto tri syst\u00e9my objavuj\u00fa v tej istej vete a ak\u00e9 vo\u013eby sa vyhn\u00fa chyb\u00e1m v japonskom p\u00edsan\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":1101,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46,47,48,49],"tags":[16,2],"class_list":["post-1107","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-alfabeto-japones","category-alfabeto-japones-hiragana","category-alfabeto-japones-katakana","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","tag-alfabeto-japones","tag-idioma-japones","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1107","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1107"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1107\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4391,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1107\/revisions\/4391"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1101"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1107"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1107"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1107"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}