{"id":12,"date":"2014-08-24T21:16:20","date_gmt":"2014-08-25T00:16:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=12"},"modified":"2018-03-15T01:18:04","modified_gmt":"2018-03-15T04:18:04","slug":"ako-sa-naucit-japonsky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/como-aprender-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako sa nau\u010di\u0165 japonsky"},"content":{"rendered":"

U\u010denie Japonsk\u00fd jazyk<\/strong>Spo\u010diatku to m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 trochu \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9, ale spr\u00e1vny sp\u00f4sob u\u010denia v\u00e1m to m\u00f4\u017ee u\u013eah\u010di\u0165.<\/p>\n

Ako m\u00f4j Sensei vysvetlil<\/a>Plynul\u00e1 znalos\u0165 jazyka, v tomto pr\u00edpade japon\u010diny, z\u00e1vis\u00ed od viacer\u00fdch faktorov, z ktor\u00fdch najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00ed je vstupn\u00fd vstup.<\/p>\n

\u010co je vstup?<\/h2>\n

Nie je to ni\u010d in\u00e9 ako inform\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 absorbujete, in\u00fdmi slovami, v\u0161etko, \u010do prij\u00edmate. Medzi pr\u00edklady patr\u00ed po\u010d\u00favanie a \u010d\u00edtanie. V\u00fdstupom by bolo hovorenie a p\u00edsanie.<\/p>\n

Zjednodu\u0161ene povedan\u00e9, Input by bol vstup a Output v\u00fdstup.<\/p>\n

Teraz, ke\u010f u\u017e vieme, \u017ee potrebujete ve\u013ea vstupn\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed, aby ste vykro\u010dili spr\u00e1vnou nohou, zistime o japonskom jazyku trochu viac.<\/p>\n

Japonsk\u00e1 abeceda<\/h2>\n

Hiragana<\/h3>\n

M\u00e1 pribli\u017ene 48 znakov a ka\u017ed\u00fd znak zodpoved\u00e1 jednej slabike. Napr\u00edklad \u304b sa vyslovuje ako KA. Pozri obr\u00e1zok ni\u017e\u0161ie:<\/p>\n

\"Japonsk\u00e1<\/p>\n

Katakana<\/h3>\n

Rovnako ako hiragana m\u00e1 48 znakov a naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa pou\u017e\u00edva na p\u00edsanie slov cudzieho p\u00f4vodu. Znak katakany predstavuje aj slabiku; \u30ab sa vyslovuje KA.<\/p>\n

\"Japonsk\u00e1<\/p>\n

Kanji<\/h3>\n

Najob\u013e\u00fabenej\u0161ia japonsk\u00e1 abeceda je z\u00e1rove\u0148 abecedou s najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtom znakov v porovnan\u00ed s hiraganou a katakanou, v skuto\u010dnosti ove\u013ea v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm! Existuje viac ako 40 000 znakov\/ideogramov, ale na to, aby ste sa nau\u010dili plynule pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 japon\u010dinu, potrebujete pribli\u017ene 2 000 kand\u017ei. Jeden ve\u013ek\u00fd rozdiel spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee kand\u017ei predstavuje my\u0161lienku, a nie len slabiku, pr\u00edklad:<\/p>\n

\"Japonsk\u00e1<\/p>\n

Japonsk\u00e1 abeceda sa sklad\u00e1 z p\u00edsmen hiragana, katakana a kand\u017ei. Prv\u00e9 dve sa m\u00f4\u017eete jednoducho nau\u010di\u0165 sami alebo s in\u0161truktorom, zatia\u013e \u010do kand\u017ei je trochu zlo\u017eitej\u0161ie, ale nie je nemo\u017en\u00e9 sa ho nau\u010di\u0165. Ako hovor\u00ed m\u00f4j Sensei, s\u00fastre\u010fte sa na u\u010denie slova, a nie kand\u017ei samostatne, preto\u017ee kand\u017ei m\u00e1 spravidla nieko\u013eko \u010d\u00edtan\u00ed aj v tej istej vete.<\/p>\n

V japonsk\u00fdch vet\u00e1ch sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa v\u0161etky tri japonsk\u00e9 abecedy s\u00fa\u010dasne.<\/p>\n

Nesmieme zabudn\u00fa\u0165 na dve mo\u017enosti, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa akousi pom\u00f4ckou pre t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa u\u010denie sa japonsk\u00e9ho jazyka<\/a>ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa Romaji<\/strong> e Furigana<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u010co je romad\u017ei?<\/h2>\n

Pom\u00e1ha pri v\u00fdslovnosti a porozumen\u00ed japonsk\u00e9ho p\u00edsma, ako sme u\u017e videli na obr\u00e1zkoch vy\u0161\u0161ie. Ka\u017ed\u00fd japonsk\u00fd znak bol \"romanizovan\u00fd\" do na\u0161ej latinky\/r\u00edmskej abecedy, aby mu ka\u017ed\u00fd cudzinec porozumel a spr\u00e1vne ho vyslovil. Pr\u00edkladom, ktor\u00fd som uviedol vy\u0161\u0161ie, je napr\u00edklad \u304b=KA.<\/p>\n

\u010co rob\u00ed Wikipedia<\/a>:<\/p>\n

R\u014dmaji (\u30ed\u30fc\u30de\u5b57?<\/a>\u00a0(doslova \"r\u00edmske p\u00edsmeno\") sa pou\u017e\u00edva pri fonetickom prepise japonsk\u00e9ho jazyka do latinky (alebo r\u00edmskej abecedy). Japon\u010dina sa be\u017ene zapisuje bu\u010f kand\u017ei (pribli\u017ene dvetis\u00edc ideogramov), alebo hiraganou a katakanou (po 48). Romantiz\u00e1cia sa vyskytuje v\u0161ade tam, kde s\u00fa spr\u00e1vy ur\u010den\u00e9 pre cudzincov, napr\u00edklad na dopravn\u00fdch zna\u010dk\u00e1ch, v pasoch, slovn\u00edkoch a u\u010debniciach pre \u0161tudentov jazyka. Je to transliter\u00e1cia japonsk\u00e9ho jazyka.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u010co je to Furigana?<\/h2>\n

Sp\u00f4sob, ako pom\u00f4c\u0165 t\u00fdm, ktor\u00ed sa u\u010dia kand\u017ei. V mange a anime \u010dasto vid\u00edme slov\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa nap\u00edsan\u00e9 na vrchole kand\u017ei, zvy\u010dajne v hiragane, aby n\u00e1m pomohli nau\u010di\u0165 sa v\u00fdslovnos\u0165 a v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n

Nezabudnite, \u017ee ak chcete za\u010da\u0165 zad\u00e1va\u0165 \u00fadaje, mus\u00edte sa nau\u010di\u0165 \u010d\u00edta\u0165 v japon\u010dine. Ke\u010f sa nau\u010d\u00edte \u010d\u00edta\u0165, m\u00f4\u017eete hlta\u0165 knihy, mangy, anime, filmy a mnoho \u010fal\u0161ieho.<\/p>\n

Tak, dozvedeli ste sa nie\u010do o japonskom jazyku a jeho abecede, \u010fal\u0161ie tipy u\u017e \u010doskoro!<\/p>\n

Ganbate!<\/p>\n

Zdroj obr\u00e1zku: Online program v japon\u010dine<\/a><\/small><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

U\u010di\u0165 sa japon\u010dinu m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 spo\u010diatku trochu \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9, ale spr\u00e1vny sp\u00f4sob u\u010denia v\u00e1m to m\u00f4\u017ee v\u00fdrazne u\u013eah\u010di\u0165. Ako mi vysvetlil m\u00f4j Sensei, aby \u010dlovek vedel plynule<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2,3],"class_list":["post-12","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-japones","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}