{"id":1642,"date":"2009-11-03T04:26:27","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T06:26:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1642"},"modified":"2026-08-09T13:07:49","modified_gmt":"2026-08-09T16:07:49","slug":"ako-klast-otazky-po-japonsky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/como-fazer-perguntas-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako kl\u00e1s\u0165 ot\u00e1zky v japon\u010dine: \u304b a opytovacie z\u00e1men\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na <strong>kl\u00e1s\u0165 ot\u00e1zky po japonsky<\/strong>, nemus\u00edte prevraca\u0165 vetu ako v portugal\u010dine. Pri zdvoril\u00fdch ot\u00e1zkach s odpove\u010fou \u201c\u00e1no\u201d alebo \u201cnie\u201d zachovajte \u0161trukt\u00faru oznamovacej vety a pridajte <strong>\u304b<\/strong> na koniec. Ak sa p\u00fdtate na \u201ckto\u201d, \u201ckde\u201d, \u201ckedy\u201d alebo \u201c\u010do\u201d, umiestnite opytovacie z\u00e1meno do pr\u00edslu\u0161nej skupiny a zachovajte \u010dasticu, ktor\u00e1 ozna\u010duje jeho funkciu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Nihongo o benky\u014d shimasu ka.<\/em><br \/>\u0160tudujete japon\u010dinu?<\/p><p><strong>\u4f55\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Nani o benky\u014d shimasu ka.<\/em><br \/>\u010co \u0161tudujete?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prv\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka potvrdzuje inform\u00e1ciu. Druh\u00e1 \u017eiada ch\u00fdbaj\u00facu inform\u00e1ciu. V oboch pr\u00edpadoch je pr\u00edsudok na konci a <strong>\u3092<\/strong> zachov\u00e1va funkciu predmetu. Toto je praktick\u00e9 pravidlo, ktor\u00e9 organizuje zvy\u0161ok tejto pr\u00edru\u010dky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c1no\/nie ot\u00e1zky s \u304b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V zdvorilej re\u010di sa veta kon\u010diaca na <strong>\u3067\u3059<\/strong> alebo <strong>\u307e\u3059<\/strong> m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u0165 ot\u00e1zkou pridan\u00edm <strong>\u304b<\/strong>. Nie je potrebn\u00e9 meni\u0165 poradie skup\u00edn:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u672c\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Kore wa hon desu.<\/em><br \/>Toto je kniha.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u672c\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Kore wa hon desu ka.<\/em><br \/>Je toto kniha?<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u306f\u6765\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Tanaka-san wa kimasu.<\/em><br \/>Tanaka pr\u00edde.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u306f\u6765\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Tanaka-san wa kimasu ka.<\/em><br \/>Pr\u00edde Tanaka?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Materi\u00e1l <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/Grammar_all.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodori, od Japan Foundation<\/a>, predstavuje tento vzor v ot\u00e1zkach ako <strong>\uff5e\u306f\u3001\u3069\u3053\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/strong> e <strong>\uff5e\u306f\u3001\u3069\u3053\u306b\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b<\/strong>. Vo v\u00fdslovnosti pom\u00e1ha inton\u00e1cia partnerovi, ale gramatick\u00e1 forma je u\u017e ozna\u010den\u00e1 <strong>\u304b<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 opytovacie slov\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Otvoren\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka obsahuje slovo, ktor\u00e9 predstavuje nezn\u00e1mu inform\u00e1ciu. Nemus\u00ed sa objavi\u0165 na za\u010diatku vety: zauj\u00edma miesto, kde by t\u00e1to inform\u00e1cia d\u00e1vala zmysel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Japonsk\u00fd<\/th><th>\u010c\u00edtanie<\/th><th>Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pou\u017eitie<\/th><th>Kr\u00e1tky pr\u00edklad<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody>\n<tr><td>\u4f55<\/td><td><em>nani \/ nan<\/em><\/td><td>\u010do; ktor\u00fd<\/td><td>\u4f55\u3092\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002 \u2014 \u010co bude\u0161 jes\u0165?<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u8ab0<\/td><td><em>odvaha<\/em><\/td><td>kto<\/td><td>\u8ab0\u304c\u6765\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002 \u2014 Kto pr\u00edde?<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3069\u3053<\/td><td><em>doko<\/em><\/td><td>kde<\/td><td>\u3069\u3053\u3067\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002 \u2014 Kde \u0161tuduje\u0161?<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>kedy<\/td><td><em>itsu<\/em><\/td><td>kedy<\/td><td>\u3044\u3064\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002 \u2014 Kedy p\u00f4jde\u0161?<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3069\u3046<\/td><td><em>d\u014d<\/em><\/td><td>ako; ak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom<\/td><td>\u3069\u3046\u3084\u3063\u3066\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002 \u2014 Ako p\u00f4jde\u0161?<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066<\/td><td><em>d\u014dshite<\/em><\/td><td>pre\u010do<\/td><td>\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002 \u2014 Pre\u010do \u0161tuduje\u0161?<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3069\u308c<\/td><td><em>dore<\/em><\/td><td>ktor\u00fd z mo\u017enost\u00ed<\/td><td>\u3069\u308c\u304c\u597d\u304d\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002 \u2014 Ktor\u00fd m\u00e1\u0161 r\u00e1d?<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>ko\u013eko<\/td><td><em>ikura<\/em><\/td><td>ko\u013eko stoj\u00ed<\/td><td>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3089\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002 \u2014 Ko\u013eko to stoj\u00ed?<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4f55<\/strong> m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 \u010d\u00edtan\u00e9 ako <em>nani<\/em> alebo <em>nan<\/em> pod\u013ea v\u00fdrazu. Pre preh\u013abenie tejto v\u00fdslovnosti bez odbo\u010denia od hlavnej t\u00e9my si pozrite \u0161pecifick\u00e9ho sprievodcu o <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/ked-vyuzijete-nan-alebo-nani\/\">kedy pou\u017ei\u0165 nan alebo nani<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010castica pokra\u010duje za opytovac\u00edm slovom<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nesta\u010d\u00ed \u201cvymeni\u0165 objekt\u201d za \u013eubovo\u013en\u00e9 opytovacie slovo. Najprv zistite, ktor\u00e1 inform\u00e1cia ch\u00fdba; potom vyberte \u010dasticu, ktor\u00e1 ozna\u010duje vz\u0165ah tejto skupiny k predik\u00e1tu. Sprievodca o <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/zakladne-castice-v-japoncine\/\">\u010dastice v japon\u010dine<\/a> pom\u00e1ha zopakova\u0165 tieto funkcie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4f55\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Nani o yomimasu ka.<\/em><br \/>\u010co bude\u0161 \u010d\u00edta\u0165? \u2014 <strong>\u3092<\/strong> ozna\u010duje objekt \u8aad\u307f\u307e\u3059.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8ab0\u304c\u6765\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Dare ga kimashita ka.<\/em><br \/>Kto pri\u0161iel? \u2014 <strong>\u304c<\/strong> ozna\u010duje, kto vykonal \u010dinnos\u0165.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u3069\u3053\u306b\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Doko ni ikimasu ka.<\/em><br \/>Kam ide\u0161? \u2014 <strong>\u306b<\/strong> ozna\u010duje cie\u013e.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kde \u0161tuduje\u0161 japon\u010dinu?<\/strong><br \/><em>Doko de nihongo o benky\u014d shimasu ka.<\/em><br \/>Kde \u0161tuduje\u0161 japon\u010dinu? \u2014 <strong>\u3067<\/strong> ozna\u010duje miesto aktivity.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S k\u00fdm ste hovorili?<\/strong><br \/><em>Dare to hanashimashita ka.<\/em><br \/>S k\u00fdm ste hovorili? \u2014 <strong>\u3068<\/strong> ozna\u010duje spolo\u010dnos\u0165.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Slov\u00e1 ako <strong>kedy<\/strong> e <strong>\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066<\/strong> \u010dasto funguj\u00fa pr\u00edslovkovo, bez \u010dastice hne\u010f za nimi: <strong>\u3044\u3064\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304b<\/strong> (\u201cKedy idete do Japonska?\u201d) a <strong>\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b<\/strong> (\u201cPre\u010do \u0161tudujete japon\u010dinu?\u201d).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Form\u00e1lne a neform\u00e1lne ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vzor s <strong>\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/strong> alebo <strong>\u307e\u3059\u304b<\/strong> je bezpe\u010dn\u00fd v zdvoril\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch. V neform\u00e1lnych rozhovoroch je be\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 jednoduch\u00fd tvar s ot\u00e1znikovou inton\u00e1ciou a v p\u00edsomnom prejave ot\u00e1znik:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zdvorilo: <strong>\u660e\u65e5\u3001\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Ashita, ikimasu ka.<\/em> \u2014 Idete zajtra?<\/li>\n<li>Neform\u00e1lne: <strong>\u660e\u65e5\u3001\u884c\u304f\uff1f<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Ashita, iku?<\/em> \u2014 Ide\u0161 zajtra?<\/li>\n<li>Zdvorilo: <strong>\u4f55\u3092\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Nani o tabemasu ka.<\/em> \u2014 \u010co bude\u0161 jes\u0165?<\/li>\n<li>Neform\u00e1lne: <strong>\u4f55\u98df\u3079\u308b\uff1f<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Nani taberu?<\/em> \u2014 \u010co bude\u0161 jes\u0165?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Neprid\u00e1vajte <strong>\u304b<\/strong> mechanicky ku ka\u017edej neform\u00e1lnej ot\u00e1zke. Formy ako <strong>\u884c\u304f\u304b<\/strong> existuj\u00fa, ale m\u00f4\u017eu znie\u0165 mu\u017esky, stroho, re\u010dn\u00edcky alebo z\u00e1visie\u0165 od kontextu. Pre za\u010diato\u010dn\u00edkov je lep\u0161ie najprv zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 protiklad medzi <strong>\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304b<\/strong> e <strong>\u884c\u304f\uff1f<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010co sa men\u00ed pri \uff5e\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Koncovka <strong>\uff5e\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/strong> nie je len dlh\u00e1 verzia <strong>\uff5e\u307e\u3059\u304b<\/strong>. Zvy\u010dajne \u017eiada vysvetlenie alebo potvrdenie nie\u010doho, \u010do hovoriaci sp\u00e1ja so situ\u00e1ciou. Porovnajte:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Nihon e ikimasu ka.<\/em><br \/>Idete do Japonska? \u2014 neutr\u00e1lna ot\u00e1zka o fakte.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304f\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>D\u014dshite Nihon e iku n desu ka.<\/em><br \/>Pre\u010do idete do Japonska? \u2014 p\u00fdta sa na d\u00f4vod spojen\u00fd s kontextom.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O <a href=\"https:\/\/kotoba.ninjal.ac.jp\/qa\/yokuaru\/qa-74\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NINJAL vysvet\u013euje kontextov\u00fa \u00falohu \u306e\u3060\uff0f\u3093\u3067\u3059<\/a>: hovoriaci signalizuje, \u017ee m\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 inform\u00e1cie, a \u017eiada, aby partner doplnil to, \u010do e\u0161te nie je jasn\u00e9. V z\u00e1vislosti od situ\u00e1cie a t\u00f3nu m\u00f4\u017ee t\u00e1 ist\u00e1 forma p\u00f4sobi\u0165 aj dotieravo; preto by sa nemala pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 automaticky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ako odpoveda\u0165 prirodzene<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri ot\u00e1zkach \u00e1no\/nie, <strong>\u306f\u3044<\/strong> e <strong>\u3044\u3044\u3048<\/strong> m\u00f4\u017eu za\u010da\u0165 odpove\u010f, ale doplnenie pr\u00edsudku predch\u00e1dza nejednozna\u010dnosti. Pri otvoren\u00fdch ot\u00e1zkach odpovedzte po\u017eadovanou inform\u00e1ciou. To, \u010do je u\u017e jasn\u00e9, mo\u017eno vynecha\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>A: \u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Nihongo o benky\u014d shimasu ka.<\/em><br \/>\u0160tudujete japon\u010dinu?<\/p><p><strong>B: \u306f\u3044\u3001\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Hai, benky\u014d shimasu.<\/em><br \/>\u00c1no, \u0161tudujem.<\/p><p><strong>A: \u3069\u3053\u3067\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Doko de benky\u014d shimasu ka.<\/em><br \/>Kde \u0161tuduje\u0161?<\/p><p><strong>B: \u5bb6\u3067\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Ie de benky\u014d shimasu.<\/em><br \/>\u0160tudujem doma.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri ot\u00e1zkach s <strong>\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066<\/strong>, odpove\u010f s <strong>\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059<\/strong> uv\u00e1dza d\u00f4vod: <strong>\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u6620\u753b\u304c\u597d\u304d\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059<\/strong> (\u201cPreto\u017ee m\u00e1m r\u00e1d japonsk\u00e9 filmy\u201d). <strong>\u304b\u3089<\/strong> je be\u017en\u00fd prostriedok, nie jedin\u00fd mo\u017en\u00fd sp\u00f4sob vysvetlenia pr\u00ed\u010diny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010cast\u00e9 chyby pri formulovan\u00ed ot\u00e1zok<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Obr\u00e1tenie vety ako v portugal\u010dine.<\/strong> V japon\u010dine ponechajte pr\u00edsudok na konci. Skontrolujte <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/poradie-slov-v-japoncine\/\">slovoslede v japon\u010dine<\/a> ak st\u00e1le m\u00e1te pochybnosti.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Odstr\u00e1nenie potrebnej \u010dastice.<\/strong> Na str\u00e1nke <strong>\u4f55\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u307e\u3059\u304b<\/strong>, \u4f55 predstavuje objekt, ale <strong>\u3092<\/strong> continua marcando sua fun\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tratar \u3044\u3064, \u8ab0 e \u3069\u3053 como objetos.<\/strong> Cada palavra pode representar tempo, pessoa ou lugar e se relaciona de forma diferente com o predicado.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Usar \u304b em toda conversa informal.<\/strong> O registro casual costuma recorrer \u00e0 forma simples e \u00e0 entona\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Confundir \u3069\u3053\u306b e \u3069\u3053\u3067.<\/strong> Pou\u017eite <strong>\u306b<\/strong> para destino ou localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de exist\u00eancia e <strong>\u3067<\/strong> para o local em que uma a\u00e7\u00e3o acontece.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Repetir toda a pergunta na resposta.<\/strong> Se o t\u00f3pico j\u00e1 est\u00e1 claro, responda apenas com a informa\u00e7\u00e3o nova e o predicado necess\u00e1rio.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exerc\u00edcio: complete as perguntas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Escolha a palavra interrogativa ou a part\u00edcula adequada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\uff08\u3000\uff09\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002 \u2014 Onde voc\u00ea estuda japon\u00eas?<\/li>\n<li>\u8ab0\uff08\u3000\uff09\u6765\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3002 \u2014 Quem veio?<\/li>\n<li>\u4f55\uff08\u3000\uff09\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002 \u2014 O que vai comer?<\/li>\n<li>\uff08\u3000\uff09\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002 \u2014 Quando vai ao Jap\u00e3o?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Respostas:<\/strong> 1. <strong>\u3069\u3053\u3067<\/strong>; 2. <strong>\u304c<\/strong>; 3. <strong>\u3092<\/strong>; 4. <strong>kedy<\/strong>. Em cada caso, observe se a lacuna pede a informa\u00e7\u00e3o desconhecida, a rela\u00e7\u00e3o gramatical ou ambas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para continuar com situa\u00e7\u00f5es de pedido e escolha, as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/resources\/Grammar_Worksheets_X.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">folhas de exerc\u00edcios gramaticais do Irodori<\/a> trazem perguntas como <strong>\u4f55\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b<\/strong> e di\u00e1logos curtos de uso cotidiano.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pr\u00f3ximo passo: transforme afirma\u00e7\u00f5es em perguntas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Comece com uma frase curta do m\u00e9todo de <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/ako-tvorit-vety-v-japoncine\/\">tvorby japonsk\u00fdch viet<\/a>. Fa\u00e7a primeiro uma pergunta de sim ou n\u00e3o com <strong>\u304b<\/strong>; depois substitua apenas uma informa\u00e7\u00e3o por <strong>\u4f55, \u8ab0, \u3069\u3053<\/strong> alebo <strong>kedy<\/strong> e mantenha a part\u00edcula adequada. Esse contraste ajuda a aprender a estrutura sem decorar listas isoladas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Perguntas frequentes sobre perguntas em japon\u00eas<\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-5b35e10008d55\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Je povinn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 \u304b v ka\u017edej japonskej ot\u00e1zke?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Nie. V zdvoril\u00fdch ot\u00e1zkach s\u00fa \u3067\u3059\u304b a \u307e\u3059\u304b bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 vzory. V neform\u00e1lnej konverz\u00e1cii je jednoduch\u00fd tvar s ot\u00e1znikovou inton\u00e1ciou, ako \u884c\u304f\uff1f, ve\u013emi be\u017en\u00fd. Pridanie \u304b k neform\u00e1lnemu tvaru m\u00f4\u017ee vyvola\u0165 r\u00f4zne \u0161tylistick\u00e9 efekty a nemalo by sa robi\u0165 mechanicky.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-de02fa533c7a8\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Potrebuje japon\u010dina ot\u00e1znik?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Nie v\u017edy. Vo form\u00e1lnom p\u00edsan\u00ed m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dastica \u304b a kontext objasni\u0165 ot\u00e1zku aj s japonskou bodkou \u3002. Znak \uff1f je \u010dast\u00fd v spr\u00e1vach, dial\u00f3goch a neform\u00e1lnych textoch, najm\u00e4 ke\u010f ot\u00e1zka z\u00e1vis\u00ed od inton\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-945f0bb9c48e5\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Ak\u00fd je rozdiel medzi \u3069\u3053\u306b a \u3069\u3053\u3067?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u3069\u3053\u306b sa zvy\u010dajne p\u00fdta na cie\u013e alebo miesto existencie, ako \u3069\u3053\u306b\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304b a \u3069\u3053\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304b. \u3069\u3053\u3067 sa p\u00fdta na miesto, kde sa deje \u010dinnos\u0165, ako \u3069\u3053\u3067\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-11006a8a631a9\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Kedy sa \u4f55 \u010d\u00edta ako nan alebo nani?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u010c\u00edtanie z\u00e1vis\u00ed od v\u00fdrazu a nasleduj\u00faceho zvuku. V \u4f55\u3092 je \u010d\u00edtanie zvy\u010dajne nani; v \u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b sa pou\u017e\u00edva nan. Ke\u010f\u017ee existuj\u00fa aj in\u00e9 vzory, konkr\u00e9tny \u010dl\u00e1nok o nan a nani je najlep\u0161\u00edm miestom na \u0161t\u00fadium tohto rozdielu.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-6a660fce9d54a\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Ako sa po japonsky op\u00fdta\u0165 \u201cpre\u010do\u201d?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066 \u00e9 uma op\u00e7\u00e3o comum para iniciantes: \u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b znamen\u00e1 \u201cPre\u010do \u0161tuduje\u0161 japon\u010dinu?\u201d. D\u00f4vod m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 vyjadren\u00fd pomocou \u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059, ale v z\u00e1vislosti od kontextu a registra s\u00fa mo\u017en\u00e9 aj in\u00e9 kon\u0161trukcie.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nau\u010dte sa kl\u00e1s\u0165 ot\u00e1zky v japon\u010dine pomocou \u304b, \u3067\u3059\u304b, \u307e\u3059\u304b a slov ako \u4f55, \u8ab0, \u3069\u3053 a \u3044\u3064, vo form\u00e1lnom aj neform\u00e1lnom registri.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":1645,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,60],"tags":[27,71,2,3],"class_list":["post-1642","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-vocabulario-japones","tag-gramatica","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1642","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1642"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1642\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4401,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1642\/revisions\/4401"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1645"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1642"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1642"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1642"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}