{"id":1656,"date":"2009-11-03T04:39:47","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T06:39:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1656"},"modified":"2018-03-08T20:09:54","modified_gmt":"2018-03-08T23:09:54","slug":"osobne-zamena-v-japoncine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/pronomes-pessoais-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Osobn\u00e9 z\u00e1men\u00e1 v japon\u010dine"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"42f50e0ef69d15b5aee26f1ed3eeb18c\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Ads responsivo Inicio Post CAJap -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3298668993\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Zistite viac o\u00a0<strong>osobn\u00e9 z\u00e1men\u00e1 v japon\u010dine<\/strong>!<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Po prv\u00e9, Japonci miluj\u00fa hierarchiu a pripisuj\u00fa jej vysok\u00fa hodnotu. Z tohto d\u00f4vodu <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/\">Japonsk\u00fd jazyk<\/a> m\u00e1 mnoho slov rovnak\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu s pou\u017eit\u00edm v \u00faplne odli\u0161n\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch. V z\u00e1vislosti od pr\u00e1ce, spolo\u010densk\u00e9ho postavenia, stup\u0148a pr\u00edbuzenstva alebo priate\u013estva je teda be\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ur\u010dit\u00e9 slov\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sa v in\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch nemusia pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165.<span id=\"more-427\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u010eal\u0161\u00edm d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm faktorom, ktor\u00fd by mali vzia\u0165 do \u00favahy t\u00ed, ktor\u00ed sa chc\u00fa nau\u010di\u0165 japonsky, s\u00fa rozdiely v re\u010di a slov\u00e1ch pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch mu\u017emi a \u017eenami. Pri u\u010den\u00ed japon\u010diny sa stretnete s v\u00fdrazmi, v\u00fdslovnos\u0165ou a kon\u0161trukciami, ktor\u00e9 by mu\u017e nikdy nemal pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165, aby sa vyhol ch\u00falostiv\u00fdm a diev\u010densk\u00fdm \u010drt\u00e1m, najm\u00e4 pri pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed osobn\u00fdch z\u00e1men.<\/p>\n<h2>Osobn\u00e9 z\u00e1men\u00e1 v japon\u010dine - prv\u00e1 osoba jednotn\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla<\/h2>\n<p>To bol m\u00f4j prv\u00fd \u0161ok, ke\u010f som sa za\u010dal u\u010di\u0165 japon\u010dinu. Vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine jazykov existuje len jedno slovo, ktor\u00e9 zastupuje prv\u00fa osobu osobn\u00e9ho z\u00e1mena. V japon\u010dine ich je nieko\u013eko. Navy\u0161e je dobr\u00e9 vedie\u0165, \u017ee sa l\u00ed\u0161ia pod\u013ea form\u00e1lnej str\u00e1nky a pohlavia os\u00f4b. Pozrime sa, ako to je?<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"watakushi - ja\">\u308f\u305f\u304f\u3057<\/acronym>\u00a0- E\u00da<\/p>\n<p>Neviem poveda\u0165, \u010di toto japonsk\u00e9 osobn\u00e9 z\u00e1meno pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa mu\u017ei alebo \u017eeny. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee obidve. Pou\u017e\u00edva sa v\u0161ak vo ve\u013emi form\u00e1lnych situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch. Mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo\u00a0<acronym title=\"watakushi - ja\">\u308f\u305f\u304f\u3057<\/acronym>\u00a0m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 bu\u010f\u00a0<acronym title=\"watakushidomo - my\">\u308f\u305f\u304f\u3057\u3069\u3082<\/acronym>(n\u00e1s) ako\u00a0<acronym title=\"watakushitachi - USA\">\u308f\u305f\u304f\u3057\u305f\u3061<\/acronym>(n\u00e1s).<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"watashi - ja\">\u79c1<\/acronym>- E\u00da<\/p>\n<p>Je o nie\u010do menej form\u00e1lny ako\u00a0<acronym title=\"watakushi - ja\">\u308f\u305f\u304f\u3057<\/acronym>. Na za\u010diatku,\u00a0<acronym title=\"watashi - ja\">\u79c1<\/acronym>nosili mu\u017ei aj \u017eeny, ale dnes ho pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa preva\u017ene \u017eeny. Mu\u017ei m\u00f4\u017eu pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165\u00a0<acronym title=\"watashi - ja\">\u79c1<\/acronym>\u00a0v pr\u00edpadoch v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej form\u00e1lnosti, ale videl som, \u017ee u\u010ditelia spom\u00ednaj\u00fa, \u017ee nerozli\u0161uj\u00face pou\u017e\u00edvanie\u00a0<acronym title=\"watashi - ja\">\u79c1<\/acronym>\u00a0m\u00f4\u017ee vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 pre mu\u017eov pr\u00edli\u0161 z\u017een\u0161til\u00fa charakteristiku. Nezabudnite, \u017ee\u00a0<acronym title=\"watashi - ja\">\u79c1<\/acronym>\u00a0sa m\u00f4\u017ee objavi\u0165 aj <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/kompletna-tabulka-hiragany\/\">nap\u00edsan\u00e9 len v hiragane<\/a>ako\u00a0<acronym title=\"watashi - ja\">\u308f\u305f\u3057<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n<p>Mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo\u00a0<acronym title=\"watashi - ja\">\u79c1<\/acronym>\u00a0m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165\u00a0<acronym title=\"watashitachi - USA\">\u79c1\u305f\u3061<\/acronym>(n\u00e1s) alebo\u00a0<acronym title=\"areare - my\">\u308f\u308c\u308f\u308c<\/acronym>(n\u00e1s). Napriek tomu sa prizn\u00e1m, \u017ee som nikdy nevidel nikoho pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165\u00a0<acronym title=\"areare - my\">\u308f\u308c\u308f\u308c<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"boku - ja\">\u50d5<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"atashi - ja\">\u3042\u305f\u3057<\/acronym>\u00a0- I<\/p>\n<p>Ide o dve neform\u00e1lne z\u00e1men\u00e1.\u00a0<acronym title=\"boku - ja\">\u50d5<\/acronym>\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa mu\u017ei a\u00a0<acronym title=\"atashi - ja\">\u3042\u305f\u3057<\/acronym>\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa \u017eeny. Jeho plur\u00e1l je\u00a0<acronym title=\"bokutachi - USA\">\u50d5\u305f\u3061<\/acronym>(n\u00e1s),\u00a0<acronym title=\"bokura - n\u00e1s\">\u50d5\u3089<\/acronym>(n\u00e1s),\u00a0<acronym title=\"atashitachi - USA\">\u3042\u305f\u3057\u305f\u3061<\/acronym>(my) a\u00a0<acronym title=\"atashira - USA\">\u3042\u305f\u3057\u3089<\/acronym>(n\u00e1s). Zvy\u010dajne\u00a0<acronym title=\"boku - ja\">\u50d5<\/acronym>\u00a0sa pou\u017e\u00edva v rozhovoroch s kolegami v \u0161kole alebo na vysokej \u0161kole, zatia\u013e \u010do \u017eeny pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa\u00a0<acronym title=\"atashi - ja\">\u3042\u305f\u3057<\/acronym>\u00a0ke\u010f sa rozpr\u00e1vaj\u00fa s priate\u013eom alebo s \u013eu\u010fmi, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa im ve\u013emi bl\u00edzki.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"ruda - ja\">\u4ffa<\/acronym>- I<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"ruda - ja\">\u4ffa<\/acronym>\u00a0je z\u00e1meno, ktor\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa v\u00fdlu\u010dne mu\u017ei. Podobne ako\u00a0<acronym title=\"boku - ja\">\u50d5<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"ruda - ja\">\u4ffa<\/acronym>\u00a0sa \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edva v rozhovoroch s priate\u013emi, \u010di u\u017e v \u0161kole alebo na vysokej \u0161kole, je v\u0161ak ove\u013ea neform\u00e1lnej\u0161\u00ed ako\u00a0<acronym title=\"boku - ja\">\u50d5<\/acronym>. Ich mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo je\u00a0<acronym title=\"oretachi - USA\">\u4ffa\u305f\u3061<\/acronym>(my) a\u00a0<acronym title=\"orera - us\">\u4ffa\u3089<\/acronym>(n\u00e1s).<\/p>\n<p>Pri rozhovore s priate\u013emi m\u00f4\u017eete pou\u017ei\u0165\u00a0<acronym title=\"ruda - ja\">\u4ffa<\/acronym>ale ke\u010f hovor\u00edte s otcom priate\u013ea, u\u010dite\u013eom alebo niek\u00fdm na d\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ej a \u00factivej\u0161ej \u00farovni, je lep\u0161ie pou\u017ei\u0165\u00a0<acronym title=\"boku - ja\">\u50d5<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pozri tie\u017e:<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/metoda-fanusikovskeho-umenia\/\">Nakreslite svoje ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e9 anime postavy!<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/numeros-em-japones-de-1-ao-20\/\">\u010c\u00edsla v japon\u010dine od 1 do 20<\/a><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Osobn\u00e9 z\u00e1men\u00e1 v japon\u010dine - druh\u00e1 osoba jednotn\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla<\/h2>\n<p><acronym title=\"anata - vy\">\u3042\u306a\u305f<\/acronym>\u00a0- Vy<\/p>\n<p>Ide o form\u00e1lnej\u0161\u00ed sp\u00f4sob oslovenia \"ty\". Mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo\u00a0<acronym title=\"anata - vy\">\u3042\u306a\u305f<\/acronym>\u00a0m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 bu\u010f\u00a0<acronym title=\"anatagata - vy\">\u3042\u306a\u305f\u304c\u305f<\/acronym>(vy) ko\u013eko\u00a0<acronym title=\"anatata\u010di - ty\">\u3042\u306a\u306a\u305f\u305f\u3061<\/acronym>(vy). Napriek tomu,\u00a0<acronym title=\"anatata\u010di - ty\">\u3042\u306a\u306a\u305f\u305f\u3061<\/acronym>\u00a0je naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd v\u00fdraz.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kimi - Vy\">\u541b<\/acronym>- Vy<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kimi - Vy\">\u541b<\/acronym>je neform\u00e1lnej\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdraz ako\u00a0<acronym title=\"anata - vy\">\u3042\u306a\u305f<\/acronym>\u00a0a jeho mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 bu\u010f\u00a0<acronym title=\"kimita\u010di - vy\">\u541b\u305f\u3061<\/acronym>(vy) ko\u013eko\u00a0<acronym title=\"kimira - ty\">\u541b\u3089<\/acronym>(vy).<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"omae - vy\">\u304a\u524d<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"tap\u00edr - vy\">\u3042\u3093\u305f<\/acronym>\u00a0- Vy<\/p>\n<p>Ke\u010f som prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t po\u010dul slovo\u00a0<acronym title=\"tap\u00edr - vy\">\u3042\u3093\u305f<\/acronym>bol v anime Full Metal Panic. Potom som to presk\u00famal a zistil som, \u017ee \u017eeny pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa toto z\u00e1meno, ke\u010f sa rozpr\u00e1vaj\u00fa medzi priate\u013emi. U\u017e\u00a0<acronym title=\"omae - vy\">\u304a\u524d<\/acronym>je z\u00e1meno preva\u017ene mu\u017esk\u00e9ho rodu. Obe\u00a0<acronym title=\"omae - vy\">\u304a\u524d<\/acronym>\u00a0ko\u013eko\u00a0<acronym title=\"tap\u00edr - vy\">\u3042\u3093\u305f<\/acronym>\u00a0s\u00fa \u00faplne neform\u00e1lne v\u00fdrazy.<\/p>\n<p>Plur\u00e1l slovies\u00a0<acronym title=\"omae - vy\">\u304a\u524d<\/acronym>\u00a0m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165\u00a0<acronym title=\"omaetachi - ty\">\u304a\u524d\u305f\u3061<\/acronym>(vy) alebo\u00a0<acronym title=\"omaera - vy\">\u304a\u524d\u3089<\/acronym>(vy). A plur\u00e1l\u00a0<acronym title=\"tap\u00edr - vy\">\u3042\u3093\u305f<\/acronym>s\u00fa\u00a0<acronym title=\"antatachi - ty\">\u3042\u3093\u305f\u305f\u3061<\/acronym>(vy) a\u00a0<acronym title=\"antara - vy\">\u3042\u3093\u305f\u3089<\/acronym>(vy).<\/p>\n<h2>Osobn\u00e9 z\u00e1men\u00e1 v japon\u010dine - tretia osoba<\/h2>\n<p><acronym title=\"kare - on\">\u5f7c<\/acronym>- On<\/p>\n<p>Toto z\u00e1meno sa pou\u017e\u00edva, ke\u010f hovor\u00edme o osobe mu\u017esk\u00e9ho pohlavia.\u00a0<acronym title=\"kare - on\">\u5f7c<\/acronym>m\u00f4\u017eu pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 mu\u017ei aj \u017eeny a ich plur\u00e1l m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165\u00a0<acronym title=\"karera - Ich\">\u5f7c\u3089<\/acronym>(ich) alebo\u00a0<acronym title=\"karetachi - im\">\u5f7c\u305f\u3061<\/acronym>(ich).<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kanojo - Ona\">\u5f7c\u5973<\/acronym>\u00a0- Ona<\/p>\n<p>Toto z\u00e1meno sa pou\u017e\u00edva, ke\u010f hovor\u00edme o osobe \u017eensk\u00e9ho pohlavia.\u00a0<acronym title=\"kanojo - Ona\">\u5f7c\u5973<\/acronym>m\u00f4\u017eu pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 mu\u017ei aj \u017eeny a ich plur\u00e1l m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165\u00a0<acronym title=\"kanojora - Ich\">\u5f7c\u5973\u3089<\/acronym>(ich) alebo\u00a0<acronym title=\"kanojotachi - Ich\">\u5f7c\u5973\u305f\u3061<\/acronym>(ich).<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Upozor\u0148ujeme, \u017ee\u00a0<acronym title=\"kanojo - Ona\">\u5f7c\u5973<\/acronym>\u00a0je japonsk\u00e9 osobn\u00e9 z\u00e1meno utvoren\u00e9 zlo\u017een\u00edm. V pr\u00edpade v\u00a0<acronym title=\"kanojo - Ona\">\u5f7c\u5973<\/acronym>m\u00e1me kand\u017ei\u00a0<acronym title=\"kare - On\">\u5f7c<\/acronym>\u00a0po ktorom nasleduje kand\u017ei\u00a0<acronym title=\"onna - \u017eena\">\u5973<\/acronym>\u00a0tvor\u00ed \u017eensk\u00fd rod \"on\" alebo \"ona\".<\/p>\n<p>Japonsk\u00fd jazyk je pln\u00fd t\u00fdchto v\u00fdrazov, kde m\u00f4\u017eeme zisti\u0165 v\u00fdznam slova z v\u00fdznamu kand\u017ei, ktor\u00e9 sa v \u0148om pou\u017e\u00edva.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>Cvi\u010denie p\u00edsania kand\u017ei rukou<\/h2>\n<p>Ni\u017e\u0161ie s\u00fa uveden\u00e9\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/ako-pisat-japonske-pismena-kandzi\/\">Japonsk\u00e9 ideografick\u00e9 symboly<\/a>\u00a0pou\u017eit\u00e9 v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku. V\u00fdber po\u017eadovan\u00fdch kand\u017ei skop\u00edrujte a vlo\u017ete ich do\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/in\/imprimir-para-treinar-kanas-e-kanjis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pracovn\u00fd list na precvi\u010dovanie k\u00e1n a kand\u017ei<\/a>\u00a0otvor\u00ed sa nov\u00e9 okno, v ktorom si m\u00f4\u017eete prezrie\u0165 s\u00fabor na vytla\u010denie a precvi\u010di\u0165 si japonsk\u00fa kaligrafiu zakryt\u00edm siv\u00fdch symbolov a potom sa pok\u00fasi\u0165 p\u00edsa\u0165 sami. Sta\u010d\u00ed vytla\u010di\u0165 a cvi\u010di\u0165.<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 77px\" border=\"0\" width=\"369\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u5f7c<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u5973<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u524d<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u541b<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u50d5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u79c1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zistite viac o osobn\u00fdch z\u00e1men\u00e1ch v japon\u010dine! Japonci predov\u0161etk\u00fdm miluj\u00fa hierarchiu a klad\u00fa na \u0148u ve\u013ek\u00fd d\u00f4raz. Z tohto d\u00f4vodu m\u00e1 japonsk\u00fd jazyk mnoho slov rovnak\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu s r\u00f4znym pou\u017eit\u00edm.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":1658,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,72,60],"tags":[2,3],"class_list":["post-1656","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-pronomes-em-japones","category-vocabulario-japones","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1656","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1656"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1656\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1658"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1656"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1656"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1656"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}