{"id":1680,"date":"2009-11-03T04:51:12","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T06:51:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1680"},"modified":"2018-03-09T22:16:01","modified_gmt":"2018-03-10T01:16:01","slug":"zamena-demonstrativa-v-japoncine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/pronomes-demonstrativos-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Ukazovacie z\u00e1men\u00e1 v japon\u010dine"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Zistite viac o <strong>ukazovacie z\u00e1men\u00e1 v japon\u010dine<\/strong>!<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-1681 size-full\" title=\"Ukazovacie z\u00e1men\u00e1 v japon\u010dine\" src=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/pronomes-demonstrativos-em-japones.gif\" alt=\"Ukazovacie z\u00e1men\u00e1 v japon\u010dine\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" \/>Ukazovacie z\u00e1men\u00e1 v japon\u010dine predstavuj\u00fa s\u00fabor <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/vocabulario-japones\/\">Japonsk\u00e9 slov\u00e1<\/a> ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eeme pou\u017ei\u0165, ke\u010f chceme pomenova\u0165 veci, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa okolo n\u00e1s.<\/p>\n<h2>Ukazovacie z\u00e1men\u00e1 v japon\u010dine<\/h2>\n<p>T\u00e1to skupina slov je zn\u00e1ma aj ako\u00a0<strong>ko-so-a-do<\/strong>slov\u00e1 s\u00fa zlo\u017een\u00e9 z radik\u00e1lov tej istej fon\u00e9my a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa sa na vyjadrenie my\u0161lienok pod\u013ea situ\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n<h2>To, to a to v japon\u010dine<\/h2>\n<p>Prv\u00e1 skupina, s ktorou sa stretneme, je\u00a0<acronym title=\"kore - toto, toto a toto\">\u3053\u308c<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"boles\u0165 - to, to, to\">\u305d\u308c<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"s\u00fa - \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee\">\u3042\u308c<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"dore - ktor\u00fd\">\u3069\u308c<\/acronym>.<span id=\"more-34\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kore - toto, toto a toto\">\u3053\u308c<\/acronym>\u00a0znamen\u00e1 toto, toto a toto. Zvy\u010dajne sa pou\u017e\u00edva, ke\u010f hovor\u00edme o predmetoch v bl\u00edzkosti osoby, s ktorou hovor\u00edme.<acronym title=\"boles\u0165 - to, to, to\">\u305d\u308c<\/acronym>\u00a0znamen\u00e1 to, to a to.<acronym title=\"boles\u0165 - to, to, to\">\u305d\u308c<\/acronym>\u00a0sa pou\u017e\u00edva, ke\u010f hovor\u00edme o nie\u010dom, \u010do je posluch\u00e1\u010dovi bl\u00edzke.\u00a0<acronym title=\"s\u00fa - \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee\">\u3042\u308c<\/acronym>znamen\u00e1, \u017ee, \u017ee a \u017ee a<acronym title=\"s\u00fa - \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee\"><\/acronym>\u00a0sa pou\u017e\u00edva pre veci, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa vzdialen\u00e9 od hovoriaceho a po\u010d\u00favaj\u00faceho. Nakoniec,\u00a0<acronym title=\"dore - ktor\u00fd\">\u3069\u308c<\/acronym>\u00a0znamen\u00e1 \"ktor\u00fd\" a v japon\u010dine sa pou\u017e\u00edva na kladenie ot\u00e1zok.<\/p>\n<p>Ak sa teda chcete sp\u00fdta\u0165 priate\u013ea, \u010di to, \u010do dr\u017e\u00edte v ruk\u00e1ch, je syr, jednoducho to povedzte:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kore wa chiizu desu ka? - Je to syr?\">\u3053\u308c\u306f\u30c1\u30fc\u30ba\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Na druhej strane si teraz predstavte, \u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 japonsk\u00fd priate\u013e prin\u00e1\u0161a v ruke tanier a vy chcete vedie\u0165, \u010di jedlo, ktor\u00e9 prin\u00e1\u0161a, je d\u017eem. Sp\u00fdtate sa:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"sore wa jamu desu ka? - Je to d\u017eem?\">\u305d\u308c\u306f\u30b8\u30e3\u30e0\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>V\u00e1\u0161 japonsk\u00fd priate\u013e chce vedie\u0165, \u010di je d\u00e1\u017ednik v rohu miestnosti v\u00e1\u0161. Ke\u010f\u017ee d\u00e1\u017ednik je \u010faleko od v\u00e1s oboch, sp\u00fdta sa:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"s\u00fa wa anata no kasa desu ka? - Je to v\u00e1\u0161 d\u00e1\u017ednik?\">\u3042\u308c\u306f\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3055\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Teraz si predstavte, \u017ee na stole le\u017e\u00ed nieko\u013eko kn\u00edh a vy sa chcete op\u00fdta\u0165, ktor\u00e1 z nich patr\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161mu japonsk\u00e9mu priate\u013eovi. Jeden zo sp\u00f4sobov, ako sa na to op\u00fdta\u0165, je:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"anata no hon wa dore desu ka? - \u010co je va\u0161a kniha?\">\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u672c\u306f\u3069\u308c\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<h2>Tento, tento a tento v japon\u010dine (pr\u00eddavn\u00e9 meno)<\/h2>\n<p>Druh\u00e1 skupina kosoado je ve\u013emi podobn\u00e1 prvej, tentoraz s\u00fa slov\u00e1:\u00a0<acronym title=\"kono - toto, toto a toto\">\u3053\u306e<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"sp\u00e1nok - toto, toto a toto\">\u305d\u306e<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"rok - to, to, to\">\u3042\u306e<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"vlastn\u00edk - ktor\u00fd\">\u3069\u306e<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kono - toto, toto a toto\">\u3053\u306e<\/acronym>\u00a0znamen\u00e1 tento, t\u00e1to, t\u00e1to a pou\u017e\u00edva sa pri pomen\u00favan\u00ed predmetov alebo os\u00f4b, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v bl\u00edzkosti hovoriaceho.\u00a0<acronym title=\"sp\u00e1nok - toto, toto a toto\">\u305d\u306e<\/acronym>\u00a0znamen\u00e1 to, to, to a pou\u017e\u00edva sa pri pomen\u00favan\u00ed vec\u00ed alebo os\u00f4b, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa posluch\u00e1\u010dovi bl\u00edzke.\u00a0<acronym title=\"rok - to, to, to\">\u3042\u306e<\/acronym>\u00a0znamen\u00e1, \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee a pou\u017e\u00edva sa pri pomen\u00favan\u00ed predmetov alebo os\u00f4b, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa vzdialen\u00e9 od toho, kto hovor\u00ed a po\u010d\u00fava. Nakoniec m\u00e1me\u00a0<acronym title=\"vlastn\u00edk - ktor\u00fd\">\u3069\u306e<\/acronym>\u00a0ktor\u00fd znamen\u00e1 \"ktor\u00fd\" a pou\u017e\u00edva sa v ot\u00e1zkov\u00fdch vet\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p>Pri anal\u00f3gii s predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facou t\u00e9mou pou\u017eime ve\u013emi podobn\u00e9 pr\u00edklady. Predpokladajme, \u017ee v ruk\u00e1ch dr\u017e\u00edte d\u017eem. Ke\u010f\u017ee dobre var\u00edte, v\u00e1\u0161 d\u017eem je v okol\u00ed dobre zn\u00e1my. Ako to poviete svojmu kamar\u00e1tovi odved\u013ea? Jednoducho.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kono jamu wa taihen yuumei desu. - Tento d\u017eem je ve\u013emi zn\u00e1my.\">\u3053\u306e\u30b8\u30e3\u30e0\u306f\u5927\u5909\u6709\u540d\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Teraz si predstavte, \u017ee v tej istej miestnosti le\u017eia na stole noviny. Tento st\u00f4l je v rohu miestnosti. Ako sa op\u00fdtate, \u010di noviny patria v\u00e1\u0161mu priate\u013eovi, ke\u010f viete, \u017ee noviny s\u00fa od v\u00e1s oboch \u010faleko?<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"ano shinbun wa anata no desu ka? - Je to v\u00e1\u0161 papier?\">\u3042\u306e\u65b0\u805e\u306f\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>V tejto chv\u00edli si ur\u010dite kladiete ot\u00e1zku: Ak\u00a0<acronym title=\"kono - toto, toto a toto\">\u3053\u306e<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"sp\u00e1nok - toto, toto a toto\">\u305d\u306e<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"rok - to, to, to\">\u3042\u306e<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"vlastn\u00edk - ktor\u00fd\">\u3069\u306e<\/acronym>\u00a0m\u00e1 rovnak\u00fd v\u00fdznam ako\u00a0<acronym title=\"kore - toto, toto a toto\">\u3053\u308c<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"boles\u0165 - to, to, to\">\u305d\u308c<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"s\u00fa - \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee\">\u3042\u308c<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"dore - ktor\u00fd\">\u3069\u308c<\/acronym>Ako zist\u00edm, kedy ich m\u00e1m pou\u017ei\u0165? Je to celkom jednoduch\u00e9, mil\u00fd kolega. Z\u00e1kladn\u00fd rozdiel medzi nimi je v tom, \u017ee\u00a0<acronym title=\"kono - toto, toto a toto\">\u3053\u306e<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"sp\u00e1nok - toto, toto a toto\">\u305d\u306e<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"rok - to, to, to\">\u3042\u306e<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"vlastn\u00edk - ktor\u00fd\">\u3069\u306e<\/acronym>vy\u017eaduj\u00fa podstatn\u00e9 meno ako doplnok. \u010co? Presne tak. Po\u00a0<acronym title=\"kono - toto, toto a toto\">\u3053\u306e<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"sp\u00e1nok - toto, toto a toto\">\u305d\u306e<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"rok - to, to, to\">\u3042\u306e<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"vlastn\u00edk - ktor\u00fd\">\u3069\u306e<\/acronym>\u00a0mus\u00ed by\u0165 podstatn\u00e9 meno, zatia\u013e \u010do\u00a0<acronym title=\"kore - toto, toto a toto\">\u3053\u308c<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"boles\u0165 - to, to, to\">\u305d\u308c<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"s\u00fa - \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee\">\u3042\u308c<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"dore - ktor\u00fd\">\u3069\u308c<\/acronym>\u00a0sa nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa pri podstatn\u00fdch men\u00e1ch. Ch\u00e1pete? Rozdiel je ve\u013emi jednoduch\u00fd. Pozrite sa na to:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kore wa anata no hon desu ka? - Je to va\u0161a kniha?\">\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u672c\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kono hon wa anata no desu ka? - Je to va\u0161a kniha?\">\u3053\u306e\u672c\u306f\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/acronym>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>V\u0161imli ste si rozdiely v kon\u0161trukcii?<\/p>\n<p>Preto\u017ee vy\u017eaduj\u00fa podstatn\u00e9 meno, s\u00fa tieto ukazovacie z\u00e1men\u00e1 zn\u00e1me aj ako\u00a0<strong>ukazovacie pr\u00eddavn\u00e9 men\u00e1<\/strong>.<br \/>\n<!--Ads10--><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Mnoh\u00ed japonsk\u00ed u\u010ditelia rozli\u0161uj\u00fa medzi dvoma skupinami kosoado vy\u0161\u0161ie. Zvy\u010dajne hovoria, \u017ee\u00a0<acronym title=\"kore - toto, toto a toto\">\u3053\u308c<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"boles\u0165 - to, to, to\">\u305d\u308c<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"s\u00fa - \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee\">\u3042\u308c<\/acronym>\u00a0znamen\u00e1 to, to a to, a to\u00a0<acronym title=\"kono - toto, toto a toto\">\u3053\u306e<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"sp\u00e1nok - toto, toto a toto\">\u305d\u306e<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"rok - to, to, to\">\u3042\u306e<\/acronym>\u00a0mysl\u00ed sa ten, ten a ten.<\/p>\n<p>Mnoh\u00ed u\u010ditelia japon\u010diny robia tento rozdiel preto, lebo h\u013eadaj\u00fa jednoduch\u0161\u00ed sp\u00f4sob v\u00fdu\u010dby japon\u010diny pomocou anal\u00f3gi\u00ed s portugalsk\u00fdmi ukazovac\u00edmi z\u00e1menami. Japonci v\u0161ak tak\u00fdto rozdiel nerobia.<\/p>\n<p>V ka\u017edom pr\u00edpade sa m\u00f4\u017eete riadi\u0165 ak\u00fdmko\u013evek konceptom, ktor\u00fd si \u017eel\u00e1te. Ak sa budete riadi\u0165 tak, ako v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina, a budete rozli\u0161ova\u0165 medzi dvoma skupinami kosoado, neurob\u00edte \u017eiadnu chybu. A postupuj\u00fac sp\u00f4sobom, ktor\u00fd uv\u00e1dzam v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku, tie\u017e neurob\u00edte \u017eiadne chyby. M\u00f4j n\u00e1vrh je, aby ste sa riadili sp\u00f4sobom, ktor\u00fd pova\u017eujete za najjednoduch\u0161\u00ed. Dobre?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>Tu, tam, tam a kde v japon\u010dine<\/h2>\n<p>Tretia skupina kosoado m\u00e1 podobn\u00fa my\u0161lienku ako skupiny v predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich t\u00e9mach, ale tentoraz sa bude pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 na ozna\u010denie polohy vec\u00ed v japon\u010dine. S\u00fa to:\u00a0<acronym title=\"koko - tu (toto miesto)\">\u3053\u3053<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"soko - tam (na tom mieste)\">\u305d\u3053<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"asoko - tam (na tom mieste)\">\u3042\u305d\u3053<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"doko - kde\">\u3069\u3053<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n<p>Pod\u013ea rovnakej anal\u00f3gie ako predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faci kosoad, pok\u00fasim sa by\u0165 ve\u013emi jasn\u00fd.\u00a0<acronym title=\"koko - tu (toto miesto)\">\u3053\u3053<\/acronym>\u00a0sa pou\u017e\u00edva na ozna\u010denie polohy objektov, ktor\u00e9 sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v bl\u00edzkosti hovoriaceho.\u00a0<acronym title=\"soko - tam (na tom mieste)\">\u305d\u3053<\/acronym>\u00a0sa odpor\u00fa\u010da na ozna\u010denie objektov v bl\u00edzkosti posluch\u00e1\u010da.\u00a0<acronym title=\"asoko - tam (na tom mieste)\">\u3042\u305d\u3053<\/acronym>\u00a0sa pou\u017e\u00edva pre objekty, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa vzdialen\u00e9 od hovoriaceho a posluch\u00e1\u010da. E\u00a0<acronym title=\"doko - kde\">\u3069\u3053<\/acronym>\u00a0sa pou\u017e\u00edva na ot\u00e1zku, kde sa nach\u00e1dza nejak\u00e9 miesto v japon\u010dine.<\/p>\n<p>Predstavte si, \u017ee Japonec nav\u0161t\u00edvi Braz\u00edliu. Stretnete sa na ulici a Japonec v\u00e1s po\u017eiada o pomoc, preto\u017ee v okol\u00ed nie je nikto, kto by hovoril jeho jazykom. Japonec nevie ani po portugalsky.<\/p>\n<p>Medzi z\u00fafal\u00fdmi slovami a gestami n\u00e1\u0161ho orient\u00e1lneho priate\u013ea m\u00f4\u017eete porozumie\u0165 ve\u013emi be\u017enej fr\u00e1ze (\u00a0<acronym title=\"Hoteru wa doko desu ka? - Kde je hotel?\">\u30db\u30c6\u30eb\u306f\u3069\u3053\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym>\u00a0) a v\u0161imnete si, \u017ee Japonec h\u013ead\u00e1 hotel. Spome\u0148te si, \u017ee vy stoj\u00edte vo dver\u00e1ch hotela a Japonec stoj\u00ed na druhej strane ulice. Mali by ste odpoveda\u0165 nie\u010do podobn\u00e9:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"hoteru wa koko desu. - Hotel je tu.\">\u30db\u30c6\u30eb\u306f\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Teraz si predstavte, \u017ee hotel je za Japoncami, na tej istej strane ulice ako oni. \u010co by ste povedali teraz?<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"hoteru wa soko desu. - Tam sa nach\u00e1dza hotel.\">\u30db\u30c6\u30eb\u306f\u305d\u3053\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Teraz op\u00e4\u0165 men\u00edme situ\u00e1ciu. Predstavte si, \u017ee hotel je na konci ulice, \u010faleko od v\u00e1s dvoch. \u010co urob\u00edte? Uk\u00e1\u017ete na koniec ulice a povedzte:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"hoteru wa soko desu. - Hotel je tam (na konci ulice).\">\u30db\u30c6\u30eb\u306f\u3042\u305d\u3053\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Mo\u017eno to nebol jeden z najlep\u0161\u00edch pr\u00edkladov, ale mysl\u00edm, \u017ee ste pochopili, kedy tieto tri slov\u00e1 pou\u017ei\u0165. Ak ste dobre pozorovali, museli ste si v\u0161imn\u00fa\u0165, \u017ee logika skup\u00edn kosoado je v\u017edy rovnak\u00e1.<\/p>\n<h2>Tento druh, tamten druh, takto a takto po japonsky<\/h2>\n<p><acronym title=\"konna\">\u3053\u3093\u306a<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"sonna\">\u305d\u3093\u306a<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"anna\">\u3042\u3093\u306a<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"donna\">\u3069\u3093\u306a<\/acronym>\u00a0s\u00fa \u010fal\u0161ie tri japonsk\u00e9 slov\u00e1 s rovnak\u00fdm v\u00fdznamom ako\u00a0<acronym title=\"kore - toto, toto a toto\">\u3053\u308c<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"boles\u0165 - to, to, to\">\u305d\u308c<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"s\u00fa - \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee\">\u3042\u308c<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"dore - ktor\u00fd\">\u3069\u308c<\/acronym>ale pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa sa rovnako ako\u00a0<acronym title=\"kono - toto, toto a toto\">\u3053\u306e<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"sp\u00e1nok - toto, toto a toto\">\u305d\u306e<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"rok - to, to, to\">\u3042\u306e<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"vlastn\u00edk - ktor\u00fd\">\u3069\u306e<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"konna\">\u3053\u3093\u306a<\/acronym><br \/>\nZnamen\u00e1 to toto, toto, toto, toto, toto, toto, takto, takto alebo takto. M\u00f4\u017ee sa pou\u017ei\u0165 na zmienku o veciach, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa bl\u00edzke osobe, o ktorej hovor\u00edte.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"sonna\">\u305d\u3093\u306a<\/acronym><br \/>\nZnamen\u00e1 to toto, toto, toto, toto, tamto, takto, takto alebo takto. Pou\u017e\u00edva sa na zmienku o veciach, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa posluch\u00e1\u010dovi bl\u00edzke.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"anna\">\u3042\u3093\u306a<\/acronym><br \/>\nZnamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee, \u017ee, ako, ako, ako alebo ako. V tomto pr\u00edpade sa Anna pou\u017e\u00edva na pomenovanie nie\u010doho o veciach, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa vzdialen\u00e9 od t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed hovoria a po\u010d\u00favaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"donna\">\u3069\u3093\u306a<\/acronym>\u00a0je japonsk\u00e9 slovo, ktor\u00e9 sa pou\u017e\u00edva na kladenie ot\u00e1zok, \u010do je anal\u00f3gia s\u00a0<acronym title=\"konna\">\u3053\u3093\u306a<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"sonna\">\u305d\u3093\u306a<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"anna\">\u3042\u3093\u306a<\/acronym>. V be\u017enej\u0161\u00edch pr\u00edpadoch,\u00a0<acronym title=\"donna\">\u3069\u3093\u306a<\/acronym>\u00a0mo\u017eno prelo\u017ei\u0165 ako: \"ktor\u00fd druh\", \"ak\u00fd druh\" alebo \"ktor\u00fd\".<\/p>\n<p>Okrem u\u017e spomenut\u00fdch v\u00fdznamov mo\u017eno uveden\u00e9 tri slov\u00e1 prelo\u017ei\u0165 aj ako:\u00a0<strong>podobn\u00e9<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>ako<\/strong>\u00a0( v zmysle porovnania - ste ako ten \u010dlovek ). M\u00f4\u017ee vyjadrova\u0165 my\u0161lienky, \u017ee nie\u010do \"je ur\u010dit\u00e9ho druhu\" alebo \"ur\u010dit\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom\" v my\u0161lienke porovnania. Tieto v\u00fdznamy v\u0161ak ve\u013emi z\u00e1visia od kontextu vety.<\/p>\n<p>Neznepokojujte sa t\u00fdmito rozdielmi, len sa ria\u010fte rovnakou anal\u00f3giou doteraz uveden\u00fdch t\u00e9m, aby ste vedeli, ako a kedy jednotliv\u00e9 t\u00e9my pou\u017ei\u0165. Teraz sa pozrime na nieko\u013eko pr\u00edkladov.<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Konna handobaggu wa ikaga desu ka? - P\u00e1\u010di sa v\u00e1m tento druh pe\u0148a\u017eenky?\">\u3053\u3093\u306a\u30cf\u30f3\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30b0\u306f\u3044\u304b\u304c\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"boku wa anna dokoro tabemasen. - Na tomto mieste nejem; na tak\u00fdchto miestach nejem.\">\u50d5\u306f\u3042\u3093\u306a\u3069\u3053\u308d\u98df\u3079\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"donna kamera o kaimasu ka? - Ktor\u00fd ( ak\u00fd ) fotoapar\u00e1t si m\u00e1m k\u00fapi\u0165?\">\u3069\u3093\u306a\u30ab\u30e1\u30e9\u3092\u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"donna keeki o tabemashou ka? - (Ktor\u00fd?) Ak\u00fd kol\u00e1\u010d si d\u00e1me?\">\u3069\u3093\u306a\u30b1\u30fc\u30ad\u3092\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<h2>Cvi\u010denie p\u00edsania kand\u017ei rukou<\/h2>\n<p>Ni\u017e\u0161ie s\u00fa uveden\u00e9\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/ako-pisat-japonske-pismena-kandzi\/\">Japonsk\u00e9 ideografick\u00e9 symboly<\/a>\u00a0pou\u017eit\u00e9 v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku. V\u00fdber po\u017eadovan\u00fdch kand\u017ei skop\u00edrujte a vlo\u017ete ich do\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/in\/imprimir-para-treinar-kanas-e-kanjis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pracovn\u00fd list na precvi\u010dovanie k\u00e1n a kand\u017ei<\/a>\u00a0otvor\u00ed sa nov\u00e9 okno, v ktorom si m\u00f4\u017eete prezrie\u0165 s\u00fabor na vytla\u010denie a precvi\u010di\u0165 si japonsk\u00fa kaligrafiu zakryt\u00edm siv\u00fdch symbolov a potom sa pok\u00fasi\u0165 p\u00edsa\u0165 sami. Sta\u010d\u00ed vytla\u010di\u0165 a cvi\u010di\u0165.<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 78px\" border=\"0\" width=\"427\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u50d5<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u98df<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u8cb7<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u672c<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u65b0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u805e<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u5927<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u5909<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u6709<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u540d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zistite viac o japonsk\u00fdch ukazovac\u00edch z\u00e1men\u00e1ch! Japonsk\u00e9 ukazovacie z\u00e1men\u00e1 s\u00fa v japonskom jazyku s\u00faborom slov, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eeme pou\u017ei\u0165, ke\u010f chceme pomenova\u0165 veci v na\u0161om okol\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":1682,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,72,60],"tags":[27,71,2,3],"class_list":["post-1680","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-pronomes-em-japones","category-vocabulario-japones","tag-gramatica","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1680","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1680"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1680\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1682"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1680"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1680"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1680"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}