{"id":1771,"date":"2009-11-03T05:48:15","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T07:48:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1771"},"modified":"2018-03-12T23:46:25","modified_gmt":"2018-03-13T02:46:25","slug":"prislovky-v-japoncine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/os-adverbios-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u00edslovky v japon\u010dine"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zistite viac o\u00a0pr\u00edslovky v japon\u010dine<\/strong> s pr\u00edkladmi!<\/em><\/p>\n

Mnoh\u00ed u\u017e ur\u010dite vedia, \u017ee pr\u00edslovky s\u00fa nemenn\u00e9 slov\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 modifikuj\u00fa sloves\u00e1 a pr\u00eddavn\u00e9 men\u00e1 alebo im dod\u00e1vaj\u00fa \u010fal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam. Japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00edslovky m\u00f4\u017eu v z\u00e1vislosti od vety vyjadrova\u0165 \u010das, frekvenciu a r\u00f4zne \u010fal\u0161ie situ\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n

Po prejden\u00ed kurzorom nad japonsk\u00e9 symboly sa zobraz\u00ed ich v\u00fdslovnos\u0165 a preklad.<\/span><\/p>\n

V skuto\u010dnosti je japon\u010dina mimoriadne bohat\u00e1 na pr\u00edslovky. Existuje ve\u013ea pr\u00edsloviek r\u00f4znych typov. Navy\u0161e sa japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00edslovky pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa v\u0161ade, \u010di u\u017e v form\u00e1lnom, alebo neform\u00e1lnom \u0161t\u00fdle. To n\u00e1s motivuje k tomu, aby sme sa ich nau\u010dili \u010do najviac.<\/p>\n

Preto som sa rozhodol zostavi\u0165 zoznam naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch japonsk\u00fdch pr\u00edsloviek, aspo\u0148 t\u00fdch, s ktor\u00fdmi som sa po\u010das \u0161t\u00fadia japon\u010diny stret\u00e1val naj\u010dastej\u0161ie. Mnoh\u00e9 z t\u00fdchto japonsk\u00fdch pr\u00edsloviek sme u\u017e prebrali v predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich \u010dl\u00e1nkoch.<\/p>\n

Zoznam pr\u00edsloviek v japon\u010dine<\/h2>\n

Japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00edslovky \u010dasu<\/h3>\n

\u4eca<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Teraz, pr\u00e1ve v tejto chv\u00edli
\n\u4eca\u65e5<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Dnes, v tento de\u0148
\n\u6628\u65e5<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 V\u010dera
\n\u660e\u65e5<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Zajtra
\n\u307e\u3060<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Ale aj napriek tomu, doteraz, napriek tomu
\n\u3082\u3046<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Predt\u00fdm, e\u0161te pred nejak\u00fdm \u010dasom, u\u017e, pr\u00e1ve teraz
\nkedy<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Ke\u010f, hne\u010f, zatia\u013e \u010do<\/p>\n

Japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00edslovky miesta<\/h3>\n

dole<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 pod, pod
\nhore<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Nad, na
\nved\u013ea<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 v bl\u00edzkosti, pri
\npredt\u00fdm<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Pred, vpredu
\nza<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Za, za<\/p>\n

Japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00edslovky sp\u00f4sobu<\/h3>\n

Ur\u010dite<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Ur\u010dite
\npomaly<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Pomaly, opatrne
\nakoko\u013evek<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Ako, ak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom<\/p>\n

Japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00edslovky vyjadruj\u00face mno\u017estvo<\/h3>\n

\u010dasto<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Ko\u013eko, no, dobre, dos\u0165
\n\u4f55<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 \u010co
\nko\u013eko<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Ko\u013eko to stoj\u00ed, ko\u013eko to je, ko\u013eko
\nve\u013emi<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Ve\u013emi
\n\u5927\u5909<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Ve\u013emi, mimoriadne, v\u00e1\u017ene, z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9
\nve\u013ea<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Ve\u013emi, dos\u0165, mimoriadne
\ndostato\u010dne<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Dos\u0165, sta\u010d\u00ed
\n\u3060\u3051<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Len, v\u00fdlu\u010dne, iba
\ntrochu<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Trochu
\n\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Trochu, najm\u00e4, rad\u0161ej, predov\u0161etk\u00fdm
\nviac<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Viac<\/p>\n

Ako pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 pr\u00edslovky v japon\u010dine<\/h2>\n

Japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00edslovky sa zvy\u010dajne pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa pred slovesami alebo pr\u00eddavn\u00fdmi menami, na ktor\u00e9 sa vz\u0165ahuj\u00fa. Napr\u00edklad v\u00a0jes\u0165 ve\u013ea<\/acronym>\u00a0Japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00edslovka (\u305f\u304f\u3055\u3093 \u2013 dos\u0165) sa nach\u00e1dza pred slovesom (\u98df\u3079\u308b \u2013 jes\u0165). Ni\u017e\u0161ie uv\u00e1dzame \u010fal\u0161ie pr\u00edklady.<\/p>\n

Telev\u00edzor si postav\u00edm pred st\u00f4l.<\/acronym>
\nKr\u00e1\u010dam pomaly.<\/acronym>
\nPo\u010dkajte chv\u00ed\u013eu.<\/acronym>
\nTicho sa u\u010d\u00ed.<\/acronym><\/p>\n

Premena pr\u00eddavn\u00fdch mien na pr\u00edslovky<\/h2>\n

Zase som objavil nie\u010do ve\u013emi zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 v japon\u010dine. Mnoh\u00e9 pr\u00edslovky sa daj\u00fa vytvori\u0165 z japonsk\u00fdch pr\u00eddavn\u00fdch mien. Postup je ve\u013emi podobn\u00fd tomu, ak\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edvame v portugal\u010dine.<\/p>\n

V mnoh\u00fdch slov\u00e1ch portugalsk\u00e9ho jazyka sta\u010d\u00ed za pr\u00eddavn\u00e9 meno prida\u0165 koncovku -mente. Takto sa pr\u00eddavn\u00e9 meno \u201ef\u00e1cil\u201c zmen\u00ed na pr\u00edslovku \u201efacilmente\u201c, \u201er\u00e1pido\u201c na \u201erapidamente\u201c a tak \u010falej.<\/p>\n

V japon\u010dine sta\u010d\u00ed prida\u0165 koncovku\u00a0ku<\/strong>\u00a0pre\u00a0japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00eddavn\u00e9 men\u00e1 i<\/a>alebo a\u00a0\u010dastica ni<\/strong>\u00a0pre\u00a0japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00eddavn\u00e9 men\u00e1 v<\/a>. Takto m\u00f4\u017eeme vytvori\u0165 japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00edslovky pre ka\u017ed\u00fd typ pr\u00eddavn\u00e9ho mena. Pozrime sa na pr\u00edklady:<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u3057\u3044<\/acronym>\u00a0zmeny na\u00a0nov\u00e9<\/acronym>
\nsiln\u00fd<\/acronym>\u00a0zmeny na\u00a0silne<\/acronym>
\njednoduch\u00e9<\/acronym>\u00a0zmeny na\u00a0Jednoducho<\/acronym>
\nPraktick\u00e9<\/acronym>\u00a0zmeny na\u00a0Pohodlne<\/acronym><\/p>\n

Teraz si m\u00f4\u017eete precvi\u010di\u0165 premenu v\u0161etk\u00fdch pr\u00eddavn\u00fdch mien, ktor\u00e9 pozn\u00e1te, na pr\u00edslovky v japon\u010dine.<\/p>\n

\u010eal\u0161ie druhy pr\u00edsloviek v japon\u010dine<\/h2>\n

Na z\u00e1ver tohto \u010dl\u00e1nku o pr\u00edslovk\u00e1ch v japon\u010dine som zoskupil nieko\u013eko z nich, ke\u010f\u017ee som ich nedok\u00e1zal zaradi\u0165 do predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich t\u00e9m. Teraz sa pozrime na \u010fal\u0161ie sp\u00f4soby tvorby pr\u00edsloviek a zozn\u00e1mime sa s japonsk\u00fdmi pr\u00edslovkami \u201cneprelo\u017eite\u013en\u00e9<\/em>\u201c.<\/p>\n

Ako keby nesta\u010dilo obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estvo pr\u00edsloviek v japon\u010dine, najm\u00e4 t\u00fdch, ktor\u00e9 vznikaj\u00fa z pr\u00eddavn\u00fdch mien, zistil som, \u017ee japon\u010dina umo\u017e\u0148uje vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 aj in\u00e9 prostriedky na tvorbu nov\u00fdch pr\u00edsloviek.<\/p>\n

Ke\u010f\u017ee moje vedomosti o tejto t\u00e9me s\u00fa obmedzen\u00e9, stru\u010dne op\u00ed\u0161em to, \u010do som sa nau\u010dil. Dobre?<\/p>\n

Japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00edslovky s pr\u00edponou \u201etekini\u201c<\/h3>\n

Niektor\u00e9 slov\u00e1 sa m\u00f4\u017eu premeni\u0165 na pr\u00edslovky pridan\u00edm pr\u00edpony \u201etekini\u201c.<\/p>\n

Konkr\u00e9tne<\/acronym>\u00a0premen\u00ed sa na\u00a0Konkr\u00e9tne<\/acronym><\/p>\n

Nap\u00ed\u0161te to tak, aby bol obsah ot\u00e1zky jasne zrozumite\u013en\u00fd.<\/acronym><\/p>\n

Sloves\u00e1 s funkciou japonsk\u00fdch pr\u00edsloviek<\/h3>\n

Niektor\u00e9 sloves\u00e1 sa pri pou\u017eit\u00ed v tvare \u201ete\u201c m\u00f4\u017eu ob\u010das pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ako pr\u00edslovky.<\/p>\n

te\u0161i\u0165 sa<\/acronym>\u00a0zmeny na\u00a0S rados\u0165ou<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n

R\u00e1d tam p\u00f4jdem.<\/acronym><\/p>\n

R\u00e1d v\u00e1m pom\u00f4\u017eem.<\/acronym><\/p>\n

Opakovanie a tvorba japonsk\u00fdch pr\u00edsloviek<\/h3>\n

Niektor\u00e9 japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00edslovky m\u00f4\u017eu vznikn\u00fa\u0165 opakovan\u00edm slova alebo zvuku. Mnoh\u00ed \u0161tudenti si tieto v\u00fdrazy \u010dasto m\u00fdlia s onomatop\u00e9miami, ale treba ma\u0165 na pam\u00e4ti, \u017ee onomatop\u00e9mi\u00e1 sa zvy\u010dajne p\u00ed\u0161u v katakane a maj\u00fa in\u00fd kontext.<\/p>\n

\u010dasto<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 \u010casto, mnohokr\u00e1t\u2026<\/p>\n

\u010casto sa zamiluje.<\/acronym><\/p>\n

\u00dadaje s\u00fa \u010dasto nepresn\u00e9.<\/acronym><\/p>\n

ka\u017ed\u00fd raz<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Jeden po druhom, ka\u017ed\u00fd, ka\u017ed\u00fd jeden, v\u0161etko\u2026<\/p>\n

V\u0161etko, \u010do povie, ma nesmierne roz\u010du\u013euje.<\/acronym><\/p>\n

ob\u010das<\/acronym>\u00a0\u2013 Niekedy, ob\u010das, ob\u010das, \u010dasto, \u010dasto\u2026<\/p>\n

Ob\u010das sa pozer\u00e1m na telev\u00edziu.<\/acronym><\/p>\n

Ob\u010das str\u00e1ca n\u00e1dej.<\/acronym><\/p>\n

Japonsk\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno \u3005 sa pou\u017e\u00edva na ozna\u010denie opakovania toho ist\u00e9ho kanji. Je to ako keby sa \u6642\u3005 p\u00edsalo ako \u6642\u6642.<\/p>\n

Japonsk\u00e9 neprenosite\u013en\u00e9 pr\u00edslovky<\/h3>\n

T\u00e1 vec s neprelo\u017eite\u013en\u00fdmi japonsk\u00fdmi pr\u00edslovkami bola len \u017eart. V skuto\u010dnosti tieto pr\u00edslovky nemaj\u00fa jasn\u00fd ekvivalent v portugal\u010dine. Uk\u00e1\u017eem v\u00e1m \u0161tyri be\u017en\u00e9 pr\u00edklady t\u00fdchto typov japonsk\u00fdch pr\u00edsloviek.<\/p>\n

Predsa len<\/acronym><\/p>\n

Toto slovo je len hovorov\u00e1 forma slova\u00a0Predsa len<\/acronym>. Ide o pr\u00edslovku, ktor\u00e1 sa pou\u017e\u00edva v zmysle \u201cPresne tak, ako som si myslel\u201d, \u201cAko sa dalo o\u010dak\u00e1va\u0165\u201d alebo \u201cNapriek v\u0161etk\u00e9mu\u201d.<\/p>\n

On je predsa len gay, \u010do?<\/acronym><\/p>\n

\u307e\u3055\u304b<\/acronym><\/p>\n

Toto japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00edslovka m\u00e1 podobn\u00fd v\u00fdznam ako \u201cTo mi nehovor!\u201d, \u201cTo nie je mo\u017en\u00e9!\u201d, \u201cTo mus\u00ed by\u0165 vtip!\u201d, \u201cNeuverite\u013en\u00e9!\u201d alebo \u201cTy si zo m\u0148a rob\u00ed\u0161 srandu?!\u201d. Pokia\u013e som pochopil, toto pr\u00edslovka m\u00e1 sk\u00f4r negat\u00edvny n\u00e1dych.<\/p>\n

Je sn\u00e1\u010f p\u00e1chate\u013eom Chris?<\/acronym><\/p>\n

To je naozaj<\/acronym>
\nNiektor\u00e9 pribli\u017en\u00e9 preklady tohto japonsk\u00e9ho pr\u00edslovky by mohli znie\u0165 \u201cako sa dalo o\u010dak\u00e1va\u0165\u201d, \u201cto je nie\u010do \u00faplne prirodzen\u00e9\u201d, \u201cv skuto\u010dnosti\u201d alebo \u201cbezpochyby\u201d.<\/p>\n

Naozaj, be\u017e\u00ed r\u00fdchlo.<\/acronym><\/p>\n

Ka\u017edop\u00e1dne<\/acronym>
\nSlovo \u201ctonikaku\u201d m\u00f4\u017ee znamena\u0165 \u201cv ka\u017edom pr\u00edpade\u201d, \u201cakoko\u013evek\u201d, \u201cvo v\u0161eobecnosti\u201d, \u201ctak \u010di onak\u201d, \u201ev ka\u017edom pr\u00edpade\u201c\u2026<\/p>\n

Proste idem domov.<\/acronym><\/p>\n

Cvi\u010denie p\u00edsania kand\u017ei rukou<\/h2>\n

Ni\u017e\u0161ie s\u00fa uveden\u00e9\u00a0Japonsk\u00e9 ideografick\u00e9 symboly<\/a>\u00a0pou\u017eit\u00e9 v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku. V\u00fdber po\u017eadovan\u00fdch kand\u017ei skop\u00edrujte a vlo\u017ete ich do\u00a0Pracovn\u00fd list na precvi\u010dovanie k\u00e1n a kand\u017ei<\/a>\u00a0otvor\u00ed sa nov\u00e9 okno, v ktorom si m\u00f4\u017eete prezrie\u0165 s\u00fabor na vytla\u010denie a precvi\u010di\u0165 si japonsk\u00fa kaligrafiu zakryt\u00edm siv\u00fdch symbolov a potom sa pok\u00fasi\u0165 p\u00edsa\u0165 sami. Sta\u010d\u00ed vytla\u010di\u0165 a cvi\u010di\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u4eca<\/td>\n\u65e5<\/td>\n\u6628<\/td>\n\u660e<\/td>\n\u4e0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e0a<\/td>\n\u524d<\/td>\n\u5f8c<\/td>\n\u4f55<\/td>\n\u5927<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5909<\/td>\n\u5341<\/td>\n\u5206<\/td>\n\u79c1<\/td>\n\u6b69<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5f85<\/td>\n\u5f7c<\/td>\n\u9759<\/td>\n\u52c9<\/td>\n\u5f37<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u98df<\/td>\n\u65b0<\/td>\n\u7c21<\/td>\n\u5358<\/td>\n\u4fbf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5229<\/td>\n\u5177<\/td>\n\u4f53<\/td>\n\u7684<\/td>\n\u8cea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u554f<\/td>\n\u5185<\/td>\n\u5bb9<\/td>\n\u4f1d<\/td>\n\u66f8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u559c<\/td>\n\u884c<\/td>\n\u624b<\/td>\n\u604b<\/td>\n\u843d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e0d<\/td>\n\u6b63<\/td>\n\u78ba<\/td>\n\u8a00<\/td>\n\u982d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6765<\/td>\n\u898b<\/td>\n\u6642<\/td>\n\u5e0c<\/td>\n\u671b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5931<\/td>\n\u6d41<\/td>\n\u77f3<\/td>\n\u901f<\/td>\n\u8d70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5bb6<\/td>\n\u5e30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zistite viac o pr\u00edslovk\u00e1ch v japon\u010dine na pr\u00edkladoch! Mnoh\u00ed u\u017e ur\u010dite vedia, \u017ee pr\u00edslovky s\u00fa nemenn\u00e9 slov\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 menia v\u00fdznam slovies a pr\u00eddavn\u00fdch mien alebo im prid\u00e1vaj\u00fa \u010fal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam. Japonsk\u00e9 pr\u00edslovky m\u00f4\u017eu vyjadrova\u0165 \u010das, frekvenciu a r\u00f4zne<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":1773,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,77,70],"tags":[69,27,71,2,3],"class_list":["post-1771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-adverbios-em-japones","category-gramatica-japonesa","tag-curso-japones-gratis","tag-gramatica","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1771","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1771"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1771\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1773"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1771"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1771"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1771"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}