{"id":2364,"date":"2009-11-27T06:46:12","date_gmt":"2009-11-27T08:46:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2364"},"modified":"2018-07-01T13:52:17","modified_gmt":"2018-07-01T16:52:17","slug":"ga-castica-a-jej-funkcie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/particula-ga-e-suas-funcoes\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010castice GA a ich funkcie"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"42f50e0ef69d15b5aee26f1ed3eeb18c\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Ads responsivo Inicio Post CAJap -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3298668993\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Dnes sa dozvieme viac o\u00a0<strong>\u010dastica GA a jej funkcie<\/strong>!<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2367\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/11\/a-particula-ga-e-suas-funcoes.gif?resize=130%2C130&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\u010dastica GA a jej funkcie\" width=\"130\" height=\"130\" \/>Ke\u010f za\u010dneme \u0161tudova\u0165 japon\u010dinu, \u010dasto si zvykneme sp\u00e1ja\u0165 jednu funkciu s ka\u017edou \u010dasticou v japonskej gramatike.<\/p>\n<h2>\u010castice GA a ich funkcie<\/h2>\n<p>V mojom pr\u00edpade som dlho veril, \u017ee \u010dastica GA m\u00e1 v japonsk\u00fdch vet\u00e1ch iba funkciu ozna\u010dova\u0165 poz\u00edciu subjektu. Po ur\u010ditom \u0161t\u00fadiu som si uvedomil, \u017ee som sa \u00faplne m\u00fdlil...<\/p>\n<p>V predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom \u010dl\u00e1nku o <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/kedy-pouzit-castice-ga\/\">\u010castice GA<\/a>V predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom \u010dl\u00e1nku som p\u00edsal o niektor\u00fdch tipoch na pou\u017eitie tejto \u010dastice. V dne\u0161nom \u010dl\u00e1nku sa teda dozvieme o niektor\u00fdch hlavn\u00fdch funkci\u00e1ch \u010dastice GA.<\/p>\n<h2>Pou\u017eitie \u010dastice GA medzi dvoma vetami<\/h2>\n<p>V mnoh\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dastica GA plni\u0165 funkciu spojky, \u010d\u00edm sa v japon\u010dine realizuje protiklad (alebo rozpor) medzi dvoma vetami. V t\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch sa \u010dastica GA m\u00f4\u017ee prelo\u017ei\u0165 ako ale, av\u0161ak, av\u0161ak, av\u0161ak, av\u0161ak alebo v\u0161ak.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pr\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Sakura no hana wa kirei da ga, kaori ga nai.\">\u685c\u306e\u82b1\u306f\u304d\u308c\u3044\u3060\u304c\u3001\u9999\u308a\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>\u010cere\u0161\u0148ov\u00e9 kvety s\u00fa pekn\u00e9, ale nevonia.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kono eiga wa omoshiroi ga, nagasugimasu ne.\">\u3053\u306e\u6620\u753b\u306f\u9762\u767d\u3044\u304c\u3001\u9577\u3059\u304e\u307e\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>Tento film je pekn\u00fd, ale pr\u00edli\u0161 dlh\u00fd. Nie je to tak?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>V ostatn\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch sa\u00a0<a title=\"Kedy pou\u017ei\u0165 \u010dasticu GA\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/kedy-pouzit-castice-ga\/\">\u010castice GA<\/a>\u00a0uprostred japonsk\u00fdch viet m\u00f4\u017ee sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 len ako sp\u00f4sob ich spojenia. Pln\u00ed teda rovnak\u00fa funkciu ako na\u0161e e v portugal\u010dine.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pr\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kinou fuji-san o hajimete mimashita ga, kirei deshita.\">\u6628\u65e5\u5bcc\u58eb\u5c71\u3092\u59cb\u3081\u3066\u898b\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u304d\u308c\u3044\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>V\u010dera som prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t videl horu Fud\u017ei a bolo to ve\u013emi kr\u00e1sne.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Yamada-san wa akai kuruma o kaimashita ga, anata mo kaimashita ne.\">\u5c71\u7530\u3055\u3093\u306f\u8d64\u3044\u8eca\u3092\u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3082\u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Yamada-san wa akai kuruma o kaimashita ga, anata mo kaimashita ne.\"><\/acronym><em>P\u00e1n Yamada si k\u00fapil \u010derven\u00e9 auto... a vy tie\u017e. Nek\u00fapil.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>V\u0161imnite si, \u017ee rozdiel medzi oboma uveden\u00fdmi pr\u00edpadmi spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee v prvom pr\u00edpade m\u00e1 druh\u00e1 veta opa\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdznam ako prv\u00e1 veta. V druhom pr\u00edpade druh\u00e1 veta jednoducho dop\u013a\u0148a prv\u00fa vetu.<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Pridanie d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Na za\u010diatku niektor\u00fdch rozhovorov sa \u010dastica GA m\u00f4\u017ee pou\u017ei\u0165 na uvedenie d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed alebo len na upozornenie na rozhovor.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u00e9to fr\u00e1zy sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na pripomenutie nie\u010doho alebo na poskytnutie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pre pochopenie kontextu rozhovoru.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pr\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Watashi, Tanaka-san to moushimasu ga, Yamada-san wa irasshaimasu ka?\">\u79c1\u3001\u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u3068\u7533\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5c71\u7530\u3055\u3093\u306f\u3044\u3089\u3063\u3057\u3083\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Vol\u00e1m sa Tanaka. Je p\u00e1n Yamada doma?<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Shitsurei desu ga... anata wa honda-san desu ka?\">\u5931\u793c\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u672c\u7530\u3055\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Prep\u00e1\u010dte, ale... Vy ste p\u00e1n Honda?<\/p>\n<h2>\u010castica GA a ne\u00fapln\u00e9 vety<\/h2>\n<p>Hoci ide o podobn\u00fd koncept ako v predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facej polo\u017eke, rozdiel medzi ne\u00fapln\u00fdmi vetami a vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00fdmi vetami spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee ne\u00fapln\u00e9 vety vyjadruj\u00fa implicitn\u00fa my\u0161lienku; my\u0161lienku, ktor\u00e1 nebola vo vete op\u00edsan\u00e1. Navy\u0161e t\u00e1to \"implicitn\u00e1 my\u0161lienka\" zvy\u010dajne vyjadruje n\u00e1zor, ktor\u00fd je v rozpore s vyslovenou vetou.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pr\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Watashi wa fuji-san o mi ni ikimashita ga...\">\u79c1\u306f\u5bcc\u58eb\u5c71\u3092\u898b\u306b\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3002\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>I\u0161iel som sa pozrie\u0165 na horu Fud\u017ei, ale... (ni\u010d som nevidel).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kare wa takai ie ni sunde imashita ga...\">\u5f7c\u306f\u9ad8\u3044\u5bb6\u306b\u4f4f\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3002\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em><acronym title=\"Kare wa takai ie ni sunde imashita ga...\"><\/acronym>B\u00fdval vo ve\u013ekom dome, ale... (teraz \u017eije v malom dome)<\/em><\/p>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dnes sa dozvieme viac o \u010dasticiach GA a ich funkci\u00e1ch! Ke\u010f za\u010d\u00edname \u0161tudova\u0165 japonsk\u00fd jazyk, \u010dasto si zvykneme sp\u00e1ja\u0165 jednu funkciu s ka\u017edou \u010dasticou v japonskej gramatike. \u010castica GA<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":2361,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[70,74],"tags":[71,3,15],"class_list":["post-2364","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-particulas-em-japones","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-nihongo","tag-particulas-basicas"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/quando-usar-a-particula-ga.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2441,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/a-particula-japonesa-e\/","url_meta":{"origin":2364,"position":0},"title":"Japonsk\u00e1 \u010dastica E v japonskom jazyku","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"14 de december de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Conhe\u00e7a\u00a0a part\u00edcula japonesa E e seu uso no idioma japon\u00eas! 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Como j\u00e1 estudamos\u00a0a ordem das palavras nas frases em japon\u00eas, sabemos que elas possuem uma organiza\u00e7\u00e3o inversa das palavras na l\u00edngua portuguesa. Nas frases em japon\u00eas, geralmente a ordem das palavras \u00e9\u00a0sujeito\u00a0+\u00a0objeto\u00a0(predicado ou resto da frase) +\u00a0verbo. 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Ela pode ser usada para indicar exist\u00eancia e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o, dire\u00e7\u00e3o de uma a\u00e7\u00e3o, espa\u00e7o de tempo e muito mais. 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