{"id":2370,"date":"2010-02-03T09:00:25","date_gmt":"2010-02-03T11:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2370"},"modified":"2018-07-01T14:53:07","modified_gmt":"2018-07-01T17:53:07","slug":"castica-ya-v-japoncine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/a-particula-ya-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010castica YA v japon\u010dine"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"42f50e0ef69d15b5aee26f1ed3eeb18c\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Ads responsivo Inicio Post CAJap -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3298668993\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Teraz roz\u0161\u00edrime va\u0161e vedomosti o\u00a0<strong>\u010dastice YA<\/strong> v japon\u010dine!<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2374\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/02\/particula-japonesa-ya.gif?resize=130%2C130&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Japonsk\u00e1 \u010dastica ya\" width=\"130\" height=\"130\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00e1 funkcia \u010dastice\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>\u00a0je jednoducho vytvori\u0165 zoznamy <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/podstatne-mena-v-japoncine\/\">Japonsk\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 men\u00e1<\/a>. Takto m\u00f4\u017eeme pomenova\u0165 s\u00fabor vec\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 niekde existuj\u00fa, alebo vec\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa chyst\u00e1me urobi\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Na tomto mieste si mnoh\u00ed \u010ditatelia spomen\u00fa na japonsk\u00fa \u010dasticu\u00a0<em>na<\/em>, ktor\u00fd tie\u017e vytv\u00e1ra zoznamy japonsk\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch mien.<\/p>\n<h2>\u010castica YA v japon\u010dine<\/h2>\n<p>Z\u00e1kladn\u00fd rozdiel medzi t\u00fdmito dvoma \u010dasticami spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee\u00a0<em>na<\/em>\u00a0sa pou\u017e\u00edva na vytvorenie vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00faceho zoznamu podstatn\u00fdch mien, v ktorom s\u00fa nevyhnutne uveden\u00e9 v\u0161etky prvky.<\/p>\n<p>Na druhej strane, \u010dastica\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>\u00a0sa pou\u017e\u00edva na vytvorenie \"ne\u00fapln\u00e9ho\" zoznamu podstatn\u00fdch mien, v ktorom nie je potrebn\u00e9 uv\u00e1dza\u0165 v\u0161etky prvky.<\/p>\n<h2>Vytv\u00e1ranie zoznamov podstatn\u00fdch mien s \u010dasticou YA<\/h2>\n<p>Vytvorenie zoznamu podstatn\u00fdch mien s \u010dasticou\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>Sta\u010d\u00ed prida\u0165 \u010dasticu za ka\u017ed\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 meno. Ke\u010f\u017ee ide o \"ne\u00fapln\u00fd\" zoznam, nie je potrebn\u00e9 uv\u00e1dza\u0165 v\u0161etky prvky.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pr\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"pan ya tamago ya miruku o kaimashita.\">\u30d1\u30f3\u3084\u305f\u307e\u3054\u3084\u30df\u30eb\u30af\u3092\u8cb7\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>K\u00fapil som chlieb, vajcia, mlieko a tak \u010falej \/ Okrem in\u00e9ho som k\u00fapil chlieb, vajcia a mlieko.<\/em><br \/>\n<br \/>\nV\u0161imnite si, \u017ee \u010dastica\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>\u00a0sa pri preklade do portugal\u010diny men\u00ed na \u010diarky. Okrem toho sa v prekladoch z japon\u010diny do portugal\u010diny na konci zoznamu slov be\u017ene prid\u00e1vaj\u00fa slov\u00e1 ako \"a pod.\" alebo \"okrem in\u00e9ho\".<\/p>\n<p>Je to preto, \u017ee zoznamy s\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>\u00a0neuv\u00e1dza v\u0161etky prvky a nazna\u010duje, \u017ee existuj\u00fa aj \u010fal\u0161ie, ktor\u00e9 sa vo vete neuv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<h2>Explicitn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvanie at\u010f. v zoznamoch podstatn\u00fdch mien<\/h2>\n<p>V niektor\u00fdch <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/vocabulario-japones-basico-para-iniciantes\/\">Japonsk\u00e9 fr\u00e1zy<\/a>je be\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1js\u0165 \u010dasticu\u00a0<em>pl\u00e1vanie<\/em>\u00a0po zozname japonsk\u00fdch slov s pou\u017eit\u00edm \u010dastice\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>. V tomto pr\u00edpade je \u010dastica\u00a0<em>pl\u00e1vanie<\/em>\u00a0funguje podobne ako na\u0161e \"at\u010f.\" alebo \"...\" na konci vety, \u010d\u00edm explicitne nazna\u010duje, \u017ee existuj\u00fa \u010fal\u0161ie polo\u017eky, ktor\u00e9 neboli spomenut\u00e9 v zozname slov.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pr\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"teeburu no ue ni enpitsu ya nihongo no hon ya osushi nado ga arimasu.\">\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u3048\u3093\u3074\u3064\u3084\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u672c\u3084\u304a\u3059\u3057<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u306a\u3069<\/span>\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em>Na stole s\u00fa ceruzky, japonsk\u00e1 kniha a su\u0161i.\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">at\u010f.<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Ozna\u010denie, \u017ee jedna \u010dinnos\u0165 nasleduje bezprostredne po druhej<\/h2>\n<p>Ke\u010f sa \u010dastica\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>\u00a0sa objav\u00ed po <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/modo-informal-dos-verbos-em-japones\/\">Japonsk\u00e9 sloveso v slovn\u00edkovej forme<\/a>M\u00f4\u017ee to znamena\u0165, \u017ee \u010fal\u0161ia akcia sa uskuto\u010dnila bezprostredne po vy\u0161\u0161ie op\u00edsanej akcii. V tak\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch sa \u010dastica\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>\u00a0mo\u017eno prelo\u017ei\u0165 ako \"v momente, ke\u010f\", \"hne\u010f ako\", \"hne\u010f ako\", \"presne v momente, ke\u010f\" alebo podobne.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pr\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kanojo wa, boku no sugata o miru ya, ikari o bakuhatsu saseta.\">\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u3001\u50d5\u306e\u59ff\u3092\u898b\u308b<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u3084<\/span>\u3001\u6012\u308a\u3092\u7206\u767a\u3055\u305b\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">Moment\u00a0<\/span>ke\u010f ma uvidela, dostala z\u00e1chvat z\u00farivosti.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"watashi o miru ya, kanojo ha egao de aisatsu o shite.\">\u79c1\u3092\u898b\u308b<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u3084<\/span>\u3001\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u7b11\u9854\u3067\u6328\u62f6\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">Hne\u010f ako<\/span>\u00a0zbadala ma a s \u00fasmevom ma pozdravila.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Z\u00e1ver<\/h2>\n<p>Napriek \u010dasticiam\u00a0<em>ya<\/em>\u00a0maj\u00fa \u010fal\u0161ie funkcie, najz\u00e1kladnej\u0161ie funkcie s\u00fa tie, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa op\u00edsan\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161ie. Postupom \u010dasu budem prid\u00e1va\u0165 \u010fal\u0161\u00ed obsah t\u00fdchto \u010dl\u00e1nkov, v ktor\u00fdch sa o ka\u017edej z t\u00fdchto japonsk\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc dozviete trochu viac.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Po\u010fme si teraz roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165 va\u0161e vedomosti o \u010dasticiach YA v japon\u010dine! Hlavnou funkciou \u010dastice ya je jednoducho vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 zoznamy japonsk\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch mien. T\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom m\u00f4\u017eeme pomenova\u0165 s\u00fabor vec\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 niekde existuj\u00fa, alebo vec\u00ed<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":2372,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[70,74],"tags":[71,2,3,15],"class_list":["post-2370","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-particulas-em-japones","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","tag-particulas-basicas"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/a-particula-ya-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1671,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/relacionando-substantivos-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2370,"position":0},"title":"Vz\u0165ahov\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 men\u00e1 v japon\u010dine","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de november de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"As maneiras mais comuns de expressar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre dois ou mais substantivos em japon\u00eas, \u00e9 usando a part\u00edcula\u00a0\u306e\u00a0entre eles. Relacionando substantivos em japon\u00eas A part\u00edcula\u00a0\u306e, normalmente indica tr\u00eas id\u00e9ias b\u00e1sicas: posse, origem e especializa\u00e7\u00e3o. Ela indica posse quando o substantivo est\u00e1 relacionado \u00e0 outro substantivo. Nestes casos, a part\u00edcula\u00a0\u306e\u00a0pode\u2026","rel":"","context":"V &quot;Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Relacionando substantivos em japon\u00eas","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/relacionando-substantivos-em-japones.png?fit=500%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2403,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/a-particula-to-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2370,"position":1},"title":"\u010castica TO v japon\u010dine","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"27 de janu\u00e1r de 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda agora mais sobre a\u00a0part\u00edcula TO em japon\u00eas! A part\u00edcula japonesa\u00a0to\u00a0\u00e9 outra part\u00edcula muito conhecida pelos estudantes de japon\u00eas. Sua\u00a0fun\u00e7\u00e3o mais comum \u00e9 simplesmente juntar listas de\u00a0substantivos japoneses\u00a0ou at\u00e9 frases. Ao contr\u00e1rio de outras\u00a0part\u00edculas japonesas, a part\u00edcula\u00a0to\u00a0sempre lista itens de um modo objetivo, indicando todos os elementos existentes numa determinada\u2026","rel":"","context":"V &quot;Part\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Part\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/particulas-em-japones\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A part\u00edcula TO em japon\u00eas","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/a-particula-to-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/a-particula-to-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/a-particula-to-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2447,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/como-formar-frases-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2370,"position":2},"title":"Ako tvori\u0165 vety v japon\u010dine","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"11 de okt\u00f3ber de 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda agora a\u00a0como formar frases em japon\u00eas! Formar frases em japon\u00eas\u00a0\u00e9 um processo simples do lado pr\u00e1tico, mas complexo do lado gramatical. Isso exige um vocabul\u00e1rio b\u00e1sico e um conhecimento m\u00ednimo de gram\u00e1tica japonesa. Como formar frases em japon\u00eas Como muitos leitores do\u00a0L\u00edngua Japonesa\u00a0me enviam e-mails com d\u00favidas sobre como\u2026","rel":"","context":"V &quot;Vocabul\u00e1rio japon\u00eas&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Vocabul\u00e1rio japon\u00eas","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/vocabulario-japones\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Como formar frases em japon\u00eas","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/nihongo_idioma.jpg?fit=477%2C296&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1729,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/particulas-basicas-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":2370,"position":3},"title":"Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 \u010dastice v japon\u010dine","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"15 de november de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Conhe\u00e7a e aprenda mais sobre\u00a0as part\u00edculas b\u00e1sicas em japon\u00eas! As part\u00edculas s\u00e3o pequenos elementos gramaticais, geralmente escritas usando uma \u00fanica s\u00edlaba do\u00a0alfabeto japon\u00eas em hiragana, e n\u00e3o possuem uma tradu\u00e7\u00e3o espec\u00edfica. A fun\u00e7\u00e3o das part\u00edculas em japon\u00eas \u00e9 puramente gramatical, servindo como uma marca para identificar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o das palavras\u2026","rel":"","context":"V &quot;Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"As part\u00edculas b\u00e1sicas em japon\u00eas - \u5f7c\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u3002","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/11\/particulas-basicas-em-japones.png?fit=500%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2351,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/a-particula-wa\/","url_meta":{"origin":2370,"position":4},"title":"\u010castica WA v japonskom jazyku","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"18 de november de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda mais sobre\u00a0a part\u00edcula WA e seu uso no idioma japon\u00eas! 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A resposta para esta quest\u00e3o depende de muitos fatores usados na constru\u00e7\u00e3o das frases e das outras part\u00edculas que usamos dentro de uma mesma senten\u00e7a. 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