{"id":2436,"date":"2010-01-13T09:00:15","date_gmt":"2010-01-13T11:00:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2436"},"modified":"2020-06-08T20:31:55","modified_gmt":"2020-06-08T23:31:55","slug":"castica-ni-v-japoncine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/particula-ni-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010castica NI v japon\u010dine"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Zistite viac o&nbsp;<strong>\u010dastica NI<\/strong> v japon\u010dine na jeho hlavn\u00e9 pou\u017eitie v NIHONGO!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010castice&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;je jednou z \u010dast\u00edc s najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtom funkci\u00ed v japonskej gramatike. M\u00f4\u017ee sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 na ozna\u010denie existencie a polohy, smeru deja, \u010dasopriestoru a mnoh\u00fdch \u010fal\u0161\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cie\u013eom tohto \u010dl\u00e1nku nie je podrobne op\u00edsa\u0165 v\u0161etky funkcie \u010dastice&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>Bolo by to pr\u00edli\u0161 dlh\u00e9 a \u00fanavn\u00e9. Preto budem kl\u00e1s\u0165 d\u00f4raz na najbe\u017enej\u0161ie funkcie tohto&nbsp;<a title=\"\u010castice v japon\u010dine\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/castice-v-japoncine\/\">Japonsk\u00e1 \u010dastica<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ozna\u010denie existencie alebo umiestnenia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010castice&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;sa m\u00f4\u017ee pou\u017ei\u0165 na ozna\u010denie existencie alebo umiestnenia nie\u010doho alebo niekoho. Vo vet\u00e1ch, ako je t\u00e1to, sa \u010dastica&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;zvy\u010dajne stoj\u00ed pred slovesom a ozna\u010duje, kde sa nach\u00e1dza predmet vety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pr\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"tanaka-sensei wa, ima gakkou ni irasshaimasu.\">\u7530\u4e2d\u5148\u751f\u306f\u3001\u4eca\u5b66\u6821<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u3044\u3089\u3063\u3057\u3083\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Profesor Tanaka je teraz&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">na str\u00e1nke .<\/span>&nbsp;\u0161kola.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"kare wa nihon ni sundeimasen.\">\u5f7c\u306f\u65e5\u672c<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u4f4f\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ne\u017eije&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">v<\/span>&nbsp;Japonsko.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ako som spomenul v \u010dl\u00e1nku o&nbsp;<a title=\"Kedy pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 \u010dastice GA v japon\u010dine\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/kedy-pouzit-castice-ga\/\">\u010dastica ga v japon\u010dine<\/a>V mnoh\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch m\u00f4\u017eeme skombinova\u0165 nieko\u013eko japonsk\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc, aby sme vetu spresnili alebo do nej pridali viac inform\u00e1ci\u00ed. V mnoh\u00fdch z t\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadov sa \u010dastica&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;nem\u00e1 \u017eiadny preklad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pr\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"kare wa toukyou eki no chikaku ni sunde imasu.\">\u5f7c\u306f\u6771\u4eac\u99c5\u306e\u8fd1\u304f<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u4f4f\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u017dije ne\u010faleko tokijskej stanice.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"umi ni sakana ga imasu.\">\u6d77<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u9b5a\u304c\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>V mori s\u00fa ryby.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u0161imnite si, \u017ee na rozdiel od&nbsp;<a title=\"Japonsk\u00e1 \u010dastica E\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/japonska-castica-a\/\">\u010dastice&nbsp;<em>e<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;ktor\u00e1 sa pou\u017e\u00edva v spojen\u00ed s dejov\u00fdmi slovesami, \u010dasticou&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;sa zvy\u010dajne pou\u017e\u00edva pri statickej\u0161\u00edch sloves\u00e1ch alebo v pr\u00edpadoch, ke\u010f sa predmet vety nemen\u00ed v d\u00f4sledku vykon\u00e1vanej \u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"honda-san wa shinjuku no ginkou ni tsutomete imasu\">\u672c\u7530\u3055\u3093\u306f\u65b0\u5bbf\u306e\u9280\u884c<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u52e4\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>P\u00e1n Honda pracuje (alebo pracuje)&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">v<\/span>&nbsp;Banka Shinjiku.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010castice NI a \u010dasov\u00fd vz\u0165ah<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010castice&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;m\u00f4\u017ee ozna\u010dova\u0165 \u010dasov\u00fd vz\u0165ah a identifikova\u0165, \u010do sa deje na ur\u010ditom mieste. M\u00f4\u017ee ozna\u010dova\u0165, kedy sa nie\u010do za\u010dalo, skon\u010dilo alebo \u010dasov\u00fd interval, v ktorom sa nie\u010do stalo alebo deje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pr\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"ginkou wa kuji ni hirakimasu.\">\u9280\u884c\u306f\u4e5d\u6642<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u958b\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Banka otv\u00e1ra&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">na<\/span>&nbsp;dev\u00e4\u0165 hod\u00edn.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"gakkou wa mainichi kuji ni hajimarimasu.\">\u5b66\u6821\u306f\u6bce\u65e5\u516b\u6642\u534a<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u59cb\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ka\u017ed\u00e9 r\u00e1no sa za\u010d\u00edna \u0161kola (alebo vyu\u010dovanie)&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">na<\/span>&nbsp;o pol deviatej.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"getsuyoubi ni burajiru he ikimasu.\">\u6708\u66dc\u65e5<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u30d6\u30e9\u30b8\u30eb\u3078\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Idem do Braz\u00edlie&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">na str\u00e1nke .<\/span>&nbsp;Pondelok.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na rozdiel od \u010dast\u00edc&nbsp;<em>kara<\/em>&nbsp;e&nbsp;<em>vyroben\u00e9 na<\/em>ktor\u00e9 spomenieme v \u010fal\u0161\u00edch \u010dl\u00e1nkoch, \u010dastica&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;zvy\u010dajne pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa pr\u00edslovky \u010dasu namiesto toho, aby zd\u00f4raz\u0148ovali presn\u00fd za\u010diatok a koniec deja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ozna\u010denie \u00fa\u010delu akcie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Toto je bod, ktor\u00fd \u0161tudentov japon\u010diny najviac m\u00e4tie, preto\u017ee \u010dastica&nbsp;<em>e&nbsp;<\/em>m\u00e1 plni\u0165 rovnak\u00fa funkciu. V tak\u00fdchto vet\u00e1ch sa \u010dastica&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;mo\u017eno nahradi\u0165 \u010dasticou&nbsp;<em>e<\/em>&nbsp;bez toho, aby sa zmenil v\u00fdznam vety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pr\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"watashi wa nihon ni ikitai.\">\u79c1\u306f\u65e5\u672c<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"watashi wa nihon e ikitai.\">\u79c1\u306f\u65e5\u672c<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u3078<\/span>\u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Chcem \u00eds\u0165&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">pre<\/span>&nbsp;Japonsko.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"kanojo wa raigetsu burajiru ni ikimasu.\">\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u6765\u6708\u30d6\u30e9\u30b8\u30eb<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"kanojo wa raigetsu burajiru e ikimasu.\">\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u6765\u6708\u30d6\u30e9\u30b8\u30eb<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u3078<\/span>\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ona bude&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">pre<\/span>&nbsp;Braz\u00edlia bud\u00faci mesiac.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hoci sa to st\u00e1va viackr\u00e1t, \u00fa\u010del akcie nie v\u017edy odr\u00e1\u017ea presun subjektu z jedn\u00e9ho miesta na druh\u00e9. Pod\u013ea m\u00f4jho n\u00e1zoru, ke\u010f nedoch\u00e1dza k premiestneniu subjektu, nem\u00e1 zmysel meni\u0165 \u010dasticu&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;\u010dasticou&nbsp;<em>e<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pr\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"boku wa oniisan ni tegami o kaita.\">\u50d5\u306f\u304a\u5144\u3055\u3093<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u624b\u7d19\u3092\u66f8\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Nap\u00edsal som list&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">pre<\/span>&nbsp;m\u00f4j star\u0161\u00ed brat.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ozna\u010denie nepriameho predmetu vety<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010castice&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;sa \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edva na zd\u00f4raznenie nepriameho predmetu vety. Zvy\u010dajne sa objavuje za nepriamym predmetom, ke\u010f nepriamy predmet predch\u00e1dza priamemu predmetu, alebo medzi nepriamym predmetom a slovesom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pr\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"kaimono ni ikimasu.\">\u8cb7\u3044\u7269<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Idem&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">na<\/span>&nbsp;nakupovanie.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><acronym title=\"imouto wa watashi ni tanjoubi no purezento o kuremashita.\">\u59b9\u306f\u79c1<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u306b<\/span>\u8a95\u751f\u65e5\u306e\u30d7\u30ec\u30bc\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u304f\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Moja sestra mi dala dar\u010dek k narodenin\u00e1m&nbsp;<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">na<\/span>&nbsp;ja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1ver<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hoci m\u00e1 mnoho funkci\u00ed, nau\u010di\u0165 sa z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pou\u017eitie \u010dast\u00edc&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>&nbsp;nie je zlo\u017eit\u00fd. Viem, \u017ee existuj\u00fa aj in\u00e9 funkcie a \u010dasom m\u00e1m v \u00famysle aktualizova\u0165 tento \u010dl\u00e1nok o \u010fal\u0161ie funkcie pre \u010dastice.&nbsp;<em>ni<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Myslel som si, \u017ee teraz bude lep\u0161ie komentova\u0165 naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017eitie tejto \u010dastice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Indik\u00e1cie<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010cl\u00e1nok z <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nhk.or.jp\/lesson\/portuguese\/questions\/0008.html\" target=\"_blank\">NHk o tejto \u010dastici<\/a> a je tu aj toto vysvetlenie <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nhk.or.jp\/lesson\/portuguese\/teacher\/16.html\" target=\"_blank\">kliknut\u00edm sem<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph\">Z webovej str\u00e1nky skdesu p\u00ed\u0161e aj o:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/skdesu.com\/particulas-e-e-ni-qual-e-quando-usar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u010castice \u3078, \u306b, \u3067 ktor\u00e9 a kedy pou\u017ei\u0165?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ni\u017e\u0161ie je video z kan\u00e1la faleemjapones, ktor\u00e9 vysvet\u013euje aj \u010dastice \u306b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"#72 LEKCIA JAPON\u010cINY: \u010cASTICE \u306b\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/WXN6WXLzABo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zistite viac o japonskej \u010dastici NI a jej hlavn\u00fdch pou\u017eitiach v NIHONGO! \u010castica ni je jednou z \u010dast\u00edc s najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtom funkci\u00ed v japonskej gramatike. M\u00f4\u017ee sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 na ozna\u010denie existencie a miesta, smeru<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":2438,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74,70],"tags":[71,2,15],"class_list":["post-2436","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-particulas-em-japones","category-gramatica-japonesa","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-particulas-basicas","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2436","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2436"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2436\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2438"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2436"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2436"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2436"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}