{"id":2768,"date":"2009-07-01T11:20:00","date_gmt":"2009-07-01T14:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2768"},"modified":"2020-06-08T00:29:45","modified_gmt":"2020-06-08T03:29:45","slug":"romadzi-a-jeho-uskalia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/o-romaji-e-suas-armadilhas\/","title":{"rendered":"Romaji a jeho pasce"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ako mnoh\u00ed z n\u00e1s u\u017e vedia,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/nihongo-romaji-papier\/\">\u00daloha romad\u017ei v japon\u010dine<\/a>\u00a0(japonsky) je pom\u00e1ha\u0165 pri \u010d\u00edtan\u00ed a v\u00fdslovnosti japonsk\u00fdch znakov, a nie nahr\u00e1dza\u0165 japonsk\u00e9 p\u00edsmo na\u0161imi romanizovan\u00fdmi znakmi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/romaji-armadilhas-japoneses-lendo-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Romad\u017ei a jeho \u00faskalia \u2013 \u010d\u00edtanie v japon\u010dine\" class=\"wp-image-2772\" srcset=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/romaji-armadilhas-japoneses-lendo-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/romaji-armadilhas-japoneses-lendo-320x214.jpg 320w, https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/romaji-armadilhas-japoneses-lendo-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/romaji-armadilhas-japoneses-lendo.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1to skuto\u010dnos\u0165 sp\u00f4sobuje viacero probl\u00e9mov a m\u00f4\u017ee v\u00fdrazne br\u00e1ni\u0165 rozvoju na\u0161ej schopnosti \u010d\u00edta\u0165 a p\u00edsa\u0165 v skuto\u010dnej japon\u010dine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pre\u010do sa to deje?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hoci si uvedomuj\u00fa negat\u00edvne str\u00e1nky, mnoh\u00ed \u0161tudenti japon\u010diny aj na\u010falej trvaj\u00fa na pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed romaji vo svojom ka\u017edodennom \u017eivote, \u010d\u00edm akoby nahr\u00e1dzali japonsk\u00fd sp\u00f4sob p\u00edsania pomocou kanji p\u00edsmenami n\u00e1\u0161ho prirodzen\u00e9ho abeceda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je to z viacer\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov, ako napr\u00edklad ch\u00fdbaj\u00faci\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/napisat-japonske-okna\/\">podpora japon\u010diny v modern\u00fdch opera\u010dn\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch<\/a>, ke\u010f\u017ee tento doplnok nie je vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov nain\u0161talovan\u00fd \u0161tandardne; neznalos\u0165 in\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov IME na p\u00edsanie v japon\u010dine, ako napr\u00edklad\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wakan-nastroj-na-ucenie-japonciny-bezplatne\/\">wakan<\/a>\u00a0a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/ajax-ime-write-in-japonsko-on-a-computer\/\">ajax ime<\/a>; alebo dokonca lenivos\u0165 otvori\u0165 si tieto programy a pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 japon\u010dinu tak, ako by sa mala skuto\u010dne pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Teraz sa objavuje nov\u00fd probl\u00e9m<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ned\u00e1vno som si uvedomil nov\u00fd probl\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee romad\u017ei sp\u00f4sobi\u0165. Ak sa romad\u017ei pou\u017e\u00edva inak, ako bolo p\u00f4vodne zam\u00fd\u0161\u013ean\u00e9, m\u00f4\u017ee to vies\u0165 k nejasnostiam pri preklade jednotliv\u00fdch viet a \u00faryvkov textov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Probl\u00e9m je v tom, \u017ee jedno kanji m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 viacero r\u00f4znych v\u00fdslovnost\u00ed, a preto je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee viacer\u00e9 kanji maj\u00fa rovnak\u00fa v\u00fdslovnos\u0165, v z\u00e1vislosti od vety a kontextu slov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010co keby ste si vzali svoj ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fd slovn\u00edk japon\u010diny a vyh\u013eadali slovo \u304d? Pravdepodobne tam n\u00e1jdeme celkom dos\u0165 kanji, ako napr\u00edklad \u6728, \u6c17, \u8a18\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tento ist\u00fd probl\u00e9m sa m\u00f4\u017ee vyskytn\u00fa\u0165 aj v jednoduch\u0161\u00edch vet\u00e1ch, kde nie je zn\u00e1my kontext. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sk\u00fasili ste u\u017e niekedy vzia\u0165 vetu v romaji a premeni\u0165 ju na kanji? V\u00fdsledok m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 \u00fapln\u00fd zm\u00e4tok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aby ste si to vedeli predstavi\u0165, pomocou podpory japon\u010diny vo Windows je mo\u017en\u00e9 nap\u00edsa\u0165 slovo \u6771\u4eac pod\u013ea v\u00fdslovnosti&nbsp;<strong>Higashi Myiako<\/strong>, \u010do je nielen \u00faplne nekonzistentn\u00e9, ale ani sa to nenach\u00e1dza v ofici\u00e1lnych japonsk\u00fdch \u010ditate\u013esk\u00fdch \u0161tandardoch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Najzauj\u00edmavej\u0161ie na tom je, \u017ee tento probl\u00e9m sa t\u00fdka nielen za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00facich \u0161tudentov, ale aj pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00edch \u0161tudentov\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/marugoto\/\">Japonsk\u00fd jazyk<\/a>. Dokonca aj Japonci maj\u00fa probl\u00e9my s v\u00fdslovnos\u0165ou kanji, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa v <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/japonske-symboly-jouyou-kanji\/\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 kanji<\/a>\u00a0(1 945 ofici\u00e1lnych kanji v Japonsku, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 zn\u00e1me).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ako tento probl\u00e9m s romaji minimalizova\u0165<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na z\u00e1klade mojich sk\u00fasenost\u00ed s japon\u010dinou som zistil, \u017ee existuj\u00fa dva sp\u00f4soby, ako minimalizova\u0165 nejasnosti pri preklade textov z japon\u010diny. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prv\u00fdm z nich je v\u017edy pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 texty nap\u00edsan\u00e9 v kanji a \u010do najviac sa obklopova\u0165 japonsk\u00fdm jazykom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Ak sa chyst\u00e1te \u0161tudova\u0165 japon\u010dinu, uprednost\u0148ujte texty nap\u00edsan\u00e9 v kanji.<\/strong><br \/>Ke\u010f sa p\u00ed\u0161e pomocou kanji, preklad je jednoduch\u0161\u00ed a pr\u00edli\u0161 neovplyv\u0148uje \u010ditate\u013enos\u0165, ke\u010f\u017ee kanji poskytuj\u00fa jasnej\u0161iu predstavu o v\u00fdzname vety. A ak je k textu prilo\u017een\u00fd zvukov\u00fd z\u00e1znam, je to e\u0161te lep\u0161ie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Okrem toho vety nap\u00edsan\u00e9 v skuto\u010dnej japon\u010dine u\u013eah\u010duj\u00fa osvojovanie si nov\u00fdch kanji prostredn\u00edctvom \u010d\u00edtania textov, \u010do romad\u017ei m\u00f4\u017ee naopak s\u0165a\u017ei\u0165. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je ove\u013ea jednoduch\u0161ie n\u00e1js\u0165 v\u00fdznam kanji v slovn\u00edku pod\u013ea samotn\u00e9ho znaku kanji ne\u017e pod\u013ea jeho v\u00fdslovnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak \u010dasto \u010d\u00edtate webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky v kanji a m\u00e1te \u0165a\u017ekosti so zisten\u00edm v\u00fdslovnosti japonsk\u00fdch znakov, odpor\u00fa\u010dam v\u00e1m pou\u017ei\u0165 doplnok pre prehliada\u010d Mozilla Firefox, ako je napr\u00edklad\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/furigana-injektor-pridat-furiganu-na-web\/\">Furigana Injector<\/a>\u00a0alebo webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky ako napr\u00edklad\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/pridat-furiganu-s-hiraganou-megane\/\">hiragana megane<\/a>, ktor\u00e9 automaticky vkladaj\u00fa furiganu do webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nok a textov p\u00edsan\u00fdch kanji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. \u017dite a st\u00fdkajte sa s japonsk\u00fdm jazykom \u010do najviac, ako len m\u00f4\u017eete<\/strong><br \/>Mnoh\u00e9 z t\u00fdchto nejasnost\u00ed sa daj\u00fa zmierni\u0165 prostredn\u00edctvom ka\u017edodenn\u00e9ho kontaktu s jazykom alebo na z\u00e1klade znalosti kontextu viet, v\u010faka \u010domu je p\u00edsan\u00fd text ove\u013ea \u013eah\u0161ie zrozumite\u013en\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pod\u013ea tejto logiky sa m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u0165, \u017ee nepozn\u00e1me nejak\u00e9 kanji alebo slovo v romaji, ale ak pochop\u00edme kontext, dok\u00e1\u017eeme porozumie\u0165 posolstvu textu, aj ke\u010f obsahuje nezn\u00e1me slov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1ver<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Znovu si uvedomujem nedostatky v osvojovan\u00ed si japon\u010diny v d\u00f4sledku nadmern\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edvania romaji. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak sa u\u010d\u00edte japon\u010dinu prostredn\u00edctvom textov, sna\u017ete sa \u010d\u00edta\u0165 texty, webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky a knihy, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa nap\u00edsan\u00e9 v kanji. U\u0161etr\u00edte si tak n\u00e1mahu a \u010das, ktor\u00fd by ste str\u00e1vili pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm romaji. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Okrem toho, ak budete pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 kanji, budete sa \u010doraz viac pribli\u017eova\u0165 k skuto\u010dnej japon\u010dine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u307e\u305f\u306d\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:14px\"><small>Obr\u00e1zok patr\u00ed\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/cafedumonde\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Caf\u00e9 du Monde<\/a>.<\/small><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ako u\u017e mnoh\u00ed z n\u00e1s vedia, \u00falohou romaji v nihongo (\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e) je pom\u00f4c\u0165 pri \u010d\u00edtan\u00ed a v\u00fdslovnosti japonsk\u00fdch symbolov, nie nahradi\u0165 japonsk\u00e9 p\u00edsmo na\u0161imi romanizovan\u00fdmi znakmi. T\u00e1to skuto\u010dnos\u0165 sp\u00f4sobuje nieko\u013eko probl\u00e9mov<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":2772,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[92,99],"class_list":["post-2768","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-japones","tag-lingua-japonesa","tag-romaji","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2768","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2768"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2768\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2772"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2768"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2768"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2768"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}