{"id":1785,"date":"2009-11-03T05:57:29","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T07:57:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1785"},"modified":"2026-08-15T14:32:32","modified_gmt":"2026-08-15T17:32:32","slug":"te-oblika-japonskih-glagolov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/forma-te-dos-verbos-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Japonska oblika \u3066: spreganje, tabela in uporaba"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A <strong>forma \u3066 v japon\u0161\u010dini<\/strong> \u2014 imenovana tudi \u2014 <em>v obliki<\/em> \u2014 povezuje glagol z drugimi besedami in strukturami. Pojavlja se v pro\u0161njah, zaporedjih dejanj, potekajo\u010dih situacijah, rezultatskih stanjih, pro\u0161njah za dovoljenje in \u0161tevilnih drugih bistvenih konstrukcijah.<\/p>\n\n<p>Pomembna to\u010dka: oblika \u3066, sama po sebi, <strong>ne ozna\u010duje preteklosti, sedanjosti ali prihodnosti<\/strong>. Celoten pomen je odvisen od tega, kaj sledi za njo, in od konteksta stavka.<\/p>\n\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1786 size-full alignleft\" title=\"Oblika TE glagolov v japon\u0161\u010dini\" src=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/forma-te-dos-verbos-em-japones.jpg\" alt=\"Oblika TE glagolov v japon\u0161\u010dini\" width=\"222\" height=\"150\" \/>\n\n<h2>Kaj je oblika \u3066?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Oblika \u3066 je konjugacija, ki glagol pripravi na povezavo s preostalim delom povedi. Predstavljajte si jo kot \u201cmost\u201d: konjugirani glagol obi\u010dajno ne zaklju\u010di misli, ampak vodi k naslednjemu dejanju ali slovni\u010dni strukturi.<\/p>\n\n<p>Na primer, glagol \u98df\u3079\u308b (<em>taberu<\/em>, jesti) postane \u98df\u3079\u3066 (<em>tabete<\/em>). Od tam lahko tvorimo \u98df\u3079\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 (\u201cprosim, jejte\u201d), \u98df\u3079\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 (\u201cje\u201d ali \u201cobi\u010dajno je\u201d, odvisno od konteksta) in \u98df\u3079\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b (\u201cali lahko jem?\u201d).<\/p>\n\n<p>Preden preu\u010dite pravila, je vredno ponoviti <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/skupine-glagolov-v-japonscini\/\">skupine japonskih glagolov<\/a>. Pravilna kon\u010dnica je odvisna od tega, ali je glagol godan (skupina 1), ichidan (skupina 2) ali nepravilen.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Kako tvoriti obliko \u3066 glagolov<\/h2>\n\n<p>Za\u010dnite z glagolom v slovarski obliki. \u010ce si jo morate osve\u017eiti, si oglejte vodnik o <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/neformalni-nacin-japonskih-glagolov\/\">neformalni japonski glagoli<\/a>. Nato uporabite pravilo, ki ustreza skupini in kon\u010dnici.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Glagoli godan (skupina 1)<\/h3>\n\n<p>Pri glagolih godan zadnji zlog dolo\u010da spremembo. Tabela zdru\u017euje vzorce, ki si jih morate zapomniti:<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Kon\u010dnica<\/th>\n<th>Sprememba<\/th>\n<th>Primer<\/th>\n<th>Oblika \u3066<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u3046, \u3064, \u308b<\/td>\n<td>\u3063\u3066<\/td>\n<td>\u8cb7\u3046 (<em>kau<\/em>, kupiti)<\/td>\n<td>\u8cb7\u3063\u3066 (<em>ma\u010dke<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u3080, \u3076, \u306c<\/td>\n<td>\u3093\u3067<\/td>\n<td>\u98f2\u3080 (<em>nomu<\/em>, piti)<\/td>\n<td>\u98f2\u3093\u3067 (<em>nonde<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u304f<\/td>\n<td>\u3044\u3066<\/td>\n<td>\u66f8\u304f (<em>kaku<\/em>, pisati)<\/td>\n<td>\u66f8\u3044\u3066 (<em>kaite<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u3050<\/td>\n<td>\u3044\u3067<\/td>\n<td>\u6cf3\u3050 (<em>oyogu<\/em>, plavati)<\/td>\n<td>\u6cf3\u3044\u3067 (<em>oyoide<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u3059<\/td>\n<td>\u3057\u3066<\/td>\n<td>\u8a71\u3059 (<em>hanasu<\/em>, govoriti)<\/td>\n<td>\u8a71\u3057\u3066 (<em>hanashite<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p><strong>Pomembna izjema:<\/strong> \u884c\u304f (<em>iku<\/em>, ir) se kon\u010da na \u304f, vendar je njegova oblika \u3066 \u884c\u3063\u3066 (<em>itte<\/em>), in ne <s>\u884c\u3044\u3066<\/s>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Uporaben bli\u017enjica je, da si zapomnimo, da oblika \u3066 sledi istemu zvo\u010dnemu vzorcu kot neformalna pretekla oblika: zamenjajte \u305f z \u3066 in \u3060 z \u3067. Tako \u98f2\u3093\u3060 postane \u98f2\u3093\u3067 in \u66f8\u3044\u305f postane \u66f8\u3044\u3066. Bli\u017enjica pomaga pri ponavljanju, vendar zgornja tabela omogo\u010da neposredno spreganje.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Glagoli ichidan (skupina 2)<\/h3>\n\n<p>Pri glagolih ichidan odstranite kon\u010dni \u308b in dodajte \u3066:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u98df\u3079\u308b (<em>taberu<\/em>, jesti) \u2192 \u98df\u3079\u3066 (<em>tabete<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>\u898b\u308b (<em>miru<\/em>, videti) \u2192 \u898b\u3066 (<em>mite<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>\u8d77\u304d\u308b (<em>okiru<\/em>, vstati) \u2192 \u8d77\u304d\u3066 (<em>okite<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Pozor: ni vsak glagol, ki se kon\u010da na \u3044\u308b ali \u3048\u308b, ichidan. \u5e30\u308b (<em>kaeru<\/em>, vrniti se), na primer, je godan in postane \u5e30\u3063\u3066 (<em>kaette<\/em>). Kadar ste v dvomu, preverite skupino v slovarju.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Nepravilni glagoli<\/h3>\n\n<p>Dva najpomembnej\u0161a nepravilna glagola imata svoje oblike:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u3059\u308b (<em>suru<\/em>, narediti) \u2192 \u3057\u3066 (<em>shite<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>\u6765\u308b (<em>kuru<\/em>, priti) \u2192 \u6765\u3066 (<em>kite<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Sestavke s \u3059\u308b sledijo istemu vzorcu: \u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b (<em>benky\u014d suru<\/em>, \u0161tudirati) postane \u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066 (<em>benky\u014d shite<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n<!--Ads10-->\n\n<h2>Glavne uporabe oblike \u3066<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nau\u010diti se konjugacije je \u0161ele za\u010detek. Prakti\u010dna vrednost oblike \u3066 se poka\u017ee, ko jo kombiniramo z drugim dejanjem ali izrazom.<\/p>\n\n<h3>1. Povezovanje dejanj v zaporedju<\/h3>\n\n<p>Uporabite obliko \u3066 za povezovanje dejanj, ki se zgodijo zaporedoma. Zadnji glagol obi\u010dajno nosi \u010das in raven formalnosti stavka.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u671d\u3054\u98ef\u3092\u98df\u3079\u3066\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u3078\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Asagohan o tabete, gakk\u014d e ikimashita.<\/em><br \/>Zajtrkoval sem in \u0161el v \u0161olo.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u98df\u3079\u3066 samo povezuje prvo dejanje. \u0160ele \u884c\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f na koncu postavi zaporedje v preteklik in vljudnostni register.<\/p>\n\n<p>Prav tako je mogo\u010de jasno ozna\u010diti, da se eno dejanje zgodi po drugem, z uporabo \u3066\u304b\u3089:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u5bbf\u984c\u3092\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u3092\u898b\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Shukudai o shite kara, terebi o mimasu.<\/em><br \/>Po tem, ko naredim doma\u010do nalogo, gledam televizijo.<\/p>\n\n<h3>2. Pro\u0161nje z \u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044<\/h3>\n\n<p>Struktura <strong>glagol v obliki \u3066 + \u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044<\/strong> se uporablja za pro\u0161njo ali navodilo nekomu, naj nekaj stori.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u3053\u3053\u306b\u540d\u524d\u3092\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Koko ni namae o kaite kudasai.<\/em><br \/>Prosim, napi\u0161ite svoje ime tukaj.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u5ea6\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>M\u014d ichido itte kudasai.<\/em><br \/>Diga mais uma vez, por favor.<\/p>\n\n<p>O contexto, a entona\u00e7\u00e3o e a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre os interlocutores influenciam o grau de delicadeza. Para comparar pedidos com ordens diretas, veja tamb\u00e9m o artigo sobre <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/ukazovalni-stavki-v-japonscini\/\">imperativnih stavkih v japon\u0161\u010dini<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h3>3. Expressar a\u00e7\u00e3o, h\u00e1bito ou estado com \u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/h3>\n\n<p>A constru\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>forma \u3066 + \u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong> n\u00e3o equivale sempre ao ger\u00fandio do portugu\u00eas. Ela pode indicar uma a\u00e7\u00e3o em andamento, um h\u00e1bito ou o estado resultante de uma mudan\u00e7a.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u4eca\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Ima, nihongo o benky\u014d shite imasu.<\/em><br \/>Agora estou estudando japon\u00eas. <strong>(a\u00e7\u00e3o em andamento)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u6bce\u65e5\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Mainichi, nihongo o benky\u014d shite imasu.<\/em><br \/>Japon\u0161\u010dino \u0161tudiram vsak dan. <strong>(h\u00e1bito)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Doa ga aite imasu.<\/em><br \/>A porta est\u00e1 aberta. <strong>(estado resultante)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>No registro informal, \u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 pode aparecer como \u3066\u3044\u308b. Na fala casual, tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 comum ouvir formas contra\u00eddas como \u3066\u308b, mas conv\u00e9m dominar primeiro a constru\u00e7\u00e3o completa. Para revisar a diferen\u00e7a entre registros, consulte o guia da <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/masa-oblika-japonskih-glagolov\/\">forma \u307e\u3059 dos verbos em japon\u00eas<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h3>4. Pedir permiss\u00e3o com \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/h3>\n\n<p>Para perguntar se uma a\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 permitida, use <strong>verbo na forma \u3066 + \u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u5199\u771f\u3092\u64ae\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Koko de shashin o totte mo ii desu ka.<\/em><br \/>Posso tirar uma foto aqui?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u3053\u306e\u672c\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Kono hon o yonde mo ii desu ka.<\/em><br \/>Posso ler este livro?<\/p>\n\n<p>Essa \u00e9 a estrutura b\u00e1sica para pedir permiss\u00e3o. O artigo sobre <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/kako-se-v-japonscini-rece-dovoljiti-in-prepovedati\/\">kako v japon\u0161\u010dini izraziti dovoljenje in prepoved<\/a> aprofunda as respostas e as constru\u00e7\u00f5es de proibi\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n<h3>5. Experimentar uma a\u00e7\u00e3o com \u3066\u307f\u308b<\/h3>\n\n<p>Kombinacija <strong>forma \u3066 + \u307f\u308b<\/strong> expressa a ideia de tentar ou experimentar fazer algo. Aqui, \u307f\u308b \u00e9 escrito normalmente em hiragana porque funciona como verbo auxiliar.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u3053\u306e\u6599\u7406\u3092\u98df\u3079\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Kono ry\u014dri o tabete mimasu.<\/em><br \/>Vou experimentar este prato.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3067\u8a71\u3057\u3066\u307f\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Nihongo de hanashite mite kudasai.<\/em><br \/>Tente falar em japon\u00eas, por favor.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Mini di\u00e1logo com a forma \u3066<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> \u3059\u307f\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u306e\u672c\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<br \/><em>Sumimasen. Kono hon o mite mo ii desu ka.<\/em><br \/>Com licen\u00e7a. Posso dar uma olhada neste livro?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>B:<\/strong> \u306f\u3044\u3001\u3069\u3046\u305e\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<br \/><em>Hai, d\u014dzo. Koko de yonde kudasai.<\/em><br \/>Sim, fique \u00e0 vontade. Leia aqui, por favor.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> \u3042\u308a\u304c\u3068\u3046\u3054\u3056\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5c11\u3057\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/><em>Arigat\u014d gozaimasu. Sukoshi yonde mimasu.<\/em><br \/>Muito obrigado. Vou tentar ler um pouco.<\/p>\n\n<p>Nesse di\u00e1logo, a mesma conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o aparece em tr\u00eas estruturas: \u898b\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b para permiss\u00e3o, \u8aad\u3093\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 para pedido e \u8aad\u3093\u3067\u307f\u307e\u3059 para experimentar uma a\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Erros comuns ao conjugar e usar a forma \u3066<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Tratar todo verbo em \u3044\u308b ou \u3048\u308b como ichidan:<\/strong> alguns s\u00e3o godan. \u5e30\u308b vira \u5e30\u3063\u3066, n\u00e3o <s>\u5e30\u3066<\/s>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Esquecer a exce\u00e7\u00e3o de \u884c\u304f:<\/strong> a forma correta \u00e9 \u884c\u3063\u3066.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Usar \u3066 no lugar de \u3067:<\/strong> verbos godan terminados em \u3080, \u3076 ou \u306c produzem \u3093\u3067; os terminados em \u3050 produzem \u3044\u3067.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Traduzir toda constru\u00e7\u00e3o \u3066\u3044\u308b como \u201cestar fazendo\u201d:<\/strong> ela tamb\u00e9m pode indicar h\u00e1bito ou estado resultante.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conjugar todos os verbos de uma sequ\u00eancia no passado:<\/strong> em geral, os verbos intermedi\u00e1rios ficam na forma \u3066 e o \u00faltimo marca o tempo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>Exerc\u00edcios de forma \u3066<\/h2>\n\n<p>Converta os verbos para a forma \u3066. Depois, complete as tr\u00eas frases.<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u66f8\u304f (<em>kaku<\/em>) \u2192 ______<\/li>\n<li>\u98f2\u3080 (<em>nomu<\/em>) \u2192 ______<\/li>\n<li>\u98df\u3079\u308b (<em>taberu<\/em>) \u2192 ______<\/li>\n<li>\u8a71\u3059 (<em>hanasu<\/em>) \u2192 ______<\/li>\n<li>\u884c\u304f (<em>iku<\/em>) \u2192 ______<\/li>\n<li>\u805e\u304f: \u3082\u3046\u4e00\u5ea6 ______ \u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<br \/>Ou\u00e7a mais uma vez, por favor.<\/li>\n<li>\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b: \u4eca\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092 ______ \u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>Agora estou estudando japon\u00eas.<\/li>\n<li>\u5165\u308b: \u3053\u3053\u306b ______ \u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<br \/>Posso entrar aqui?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details>\n<summary><strong>Prika\u017ei odgovore<\/strong><\/summary>\n<ol>\n<li>\u66f8\u3044\u3066<\/li>\n<li>\u98f2\u3093\u3067<\/li>\n<li>\u98df\u3079\u3066<\/li>\n<li>\u8a71\u3057\u3066<\/li>\n<li>\u884c\u3063\u3066<\/li>\n<li>\u805e\u3044\u3066<\/li>\n<li>\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066<\/li>\n<li>\u5165\u3063\u3066<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n\n<h2>Resumo e pr\u00f3ximos passos<\/h2>\n\n<p>Para formar a forma \u3066, identifique o grupo do verbo e aplique a troca da termina\u00e7\u00e3o. Nos godan, memorize os cinco padr\u00f5es da tabela; nos ichidan, retire \u308b e acrescente \u3066; nos irregulares, use \u3057\u3066 e \u6765\u3066. Lembre tamb\u00e9m da exce\u00e7\u00e3o \u884c\u304f \u2192 \u884c\u3063\u3066.<\/p>\n\n<p>Depois da conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o, observe a estrutura que vem a seguir: \u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 faz pedidos, \u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 pode indicar a\u00e7\u00e3o, h\u00e1bito ou estado, \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b pede permiss\u00e3o e \u3066\u307f\u308b expressa uma tentativa. Em sequ\u00eancias, o \u00faltimo verbo normalmente determina tempo e formalidade.<\/p>\n\n<p>Para organizar a continua\u00e7\u00e3o dos estudos, consulte o guia de <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/particulas-e-gramatica-japonesa\/\">part\u00edculas e gram\u00e1tica japonesa<\/a>. Quando estiver confort\u00e1vel com a forma \u3066, avance para a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/mashou-oblika-japonskih-glagolov\/\">forma \u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046 dos verbos<\/a> e aprenda a fazer convites e sugest\u00f5es.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-e9cc26f21282b\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Kaj je oblika \u3066 v japon\u0161\u010dini?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Oblika \u3066 je konjugacija, ki povezuje glagol z drugim dejanjem ali slovni\u010dno strukturo. Sodeluje v konstrukcijah, kot so \u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044, \u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059, \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b in \u3066\u307f\u308b, vendar sama ne ozna\u010duje glagolskega \u010dasa.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-32a9f7870accd\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Kako spregati glagol v obliki \u3066?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Pri glagolih godan je sprememba odvisna od kon\u010dnice: \u3046\u30fb\u3064\u30fb\u308b postanejo \u3063\u3066; \u3080\u30fb\u3076\u30fb\u306c postanejo \u3093\u3067; \u304f postane \u3044\u3066; \u3050 postane \u3044\u3067; in \u3059 postane \u3057\u3066. Pri ichidan odstranite \u308b in dodajte \u3066. Glavni nepravilni sta \u3059\u308b \u2192 \u3057\u3066 in \u6765\u308b \u2192 \u6765\u3066.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-c01a7f618b234\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Kak\u0161na je razlika med \u3066 in \u3067 pri konjugaciji?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Obe kon\u010dnici opravljata enako funkcijo povezovanja, vendar vzorec glagola dolo\u010da, katero uporabiti. Glagoli godan, ki se kon\u010dajo na \u3080, \u3076 ali \u306c, tvorijo \u3093\u3067, tisti, ki se kon\u010dajo na \u3050, pa tvorijo \u3044\u3067. Ostali vzorci uporabljajo \u3066.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-fc34e80adc5df\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Oblika \u3066 ozna\u010duje sedanjost ali preteklost?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Ne. Oblika \u3066 sama po sebi ne ozna\u010duje \u010dasa. V zaporedju dejanj zadnji glagol obi\u010dajno ozna\u010duje \u010das in formalnost. V drugih konstrukcijah pomo\u017eni glagol in kontekst dopolnjujeta pomen.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-c441b891cb86e\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Ali \u3066\u3044\u308b vedno pomeni \u201cdelati\u201d?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Ne. \u3066\u3044\u308b lahko opisuje potekajo\u010de dejanje, navado ali stanje, ki je posledica spremembe. \u4eca\u3001\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 ozna\u010duje potekajo\u010de dejanje; \u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 opisuje stanje vrat, ki so odprta.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>Fontes para aprofundar<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/reference\/002.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marugoto \u2014 tabela de conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o verbal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/description\/006.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marugoto \u2014 pedidos com \u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 e a\u00e7\u00f5es em sequ\u00eancia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/description\/001.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marugoto \u2014 usos de \u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/description\/014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marugoto \u2014 permiss\u00e3o com \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/elementary01\/pdf\/Y_L12.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodori \u2014 \u3066\u307f\u308b e estados com \u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nau\u010dite se spregati glagole v obliki \u3066 ter uporabljati \u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044, \u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059, \u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b, zaporedja dejanj in druge bistvene strukture.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":1788,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,73,60],"tags":[69,27,71,2,3],"class_list":["post-1785","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-verbos-em-japones","category-vocabulario-japones","tag-curso-japones-gratis","tag-gramatica","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1785","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1785"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1785\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4426,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1785\/revisions\/4426"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1788"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1785"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1785"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1785"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}