{"id":284,"date":"2015-03-28T20:26:22","date_gmt":"2015-03-28T23:26:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=284"},"modified":"2018-03-15T01:08:41","modified_gmt":"2018-03-15T04:08:41","slug":"osnovni-delci-1-del-%e3%81%af-in-%e3%81%8c-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/particulas-basicas-parte-1-%e3%81%af-e-%e3%81%8c\/","title":{"rendered":"Osnovni delci - 1. del (\u306f in \u304c)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"a8d57f2815830ab33b1e7afc05ed7716\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Ads responsivo Inicio Post CAJap -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3298668993\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-289 size-full\" title=\"Japonski delci\" src=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/what-are-the-particles-in-japanese-and-how-to-use-the-particles-21647566.jpg\" alt=\"Japonski delci\" width=\"400\" height=\"233\" srcset=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/what-are-the-particles-in-japanese-and-how-to-use-the-particles-21647566.jpg 400w, https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/what-are-the-particles-in-japanese-and-how-to-use-the-particles-21647566-300x175.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Pripravite se. Za\u010denjajo se nadle\u017ene malenkosti tega \u010dudovitega jezika.<\/p>\n<p>Zahodnjaki delce zelo sovra\u017eijo, saj na splo\u0161no nimajo ustreznice v nobenem zahodnem jeziku, zato se moramo dr\u017eati njihove funkcionalnosti.<\/p>\n<p>To ni nemogo\u010de, vendar se lahko pogosto zmedemo, kdaj lahko vstavimo ta ali oni delec, ker imata podobne funkcije.<\/p>\n<p>Preden si boste pulili lase, vedite, da jih je mogo\u010de osvojiti z intenzivno uporabo, tj. \u010dim ve\u010d boste brali in sli\u0161ali te delce, vstavljene v nek kontekst, tem bolj boste samodejno ponotranjili ta koncept.<\/p>\n<p>Vedno poudarjamo, da ne smete posku\u0161ati razumeti razlogov za stvari, temve\u010d jih morate sprejeti. Zato bo ta prispevek, tako kot drugi, podlaga, da jih boste lahko, ko boste enkrat razumeli, kaj so delci, postopoma dejansko obdr\u017eali v sebi, ne da bi vas nujno skrbela njihova slovni\u010dna funkcionalnost.<\/p>\n<h2>Kako torej za\u010deti?<\/h2>\n<p>Delci dolo\u010dajo razmerje med eno in drugo besedo, med glagoli in besedami v stavku.<\/p>\n<p>Z drugimi besedami, gre za \"povezave\", ki obstajajo v japonskem jeziku. Zato ni nujno, da so v portugal\u0161\u010dini predponski vezniki.<\/p>\n<p>Pravzaprav je \u0161e dale\u010d od tega.<\/p>\n<p>Z njimi lahko ozna\u010dite smer, o kom govorite, kje govorite, kaj komu pripada in podobno...<\/p>\n<p>Kot lahko vidite, se zelo razlikujejo od predlogov.<\/p>\n<p>Toda \u010de je to te\u017eko, \u0161e ne pomeni, da je nemogo\u010de.<\/p>\n<p>Gremo po\u010dasi?<\/p>\n<h2>\u00a0Delci \u306f(wa)<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-288 size-full\" title=\"Japonski delec \u306f ha\" src=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/ha.png\" alt=\"Japonski delec \u306f ha\" width=\"204\" height=\"262\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Tisti, ki poznate japonsko abecedo hiragana, veste, da se ta zlog (\u306f) dejansko bere kot: ha (rr\u00e1).<\/p>\n<p>Zakaj sem dal wa v oklepaj?<\/p>\n<p>Zakaj se zlog \u306f, ki se uporablja kot del\u010dek, bere kot wa (u\u00e1)?<\/p>\n<p>Zakaj?<\/p>\n<p>Hmmm, nimam pojma, moram priznati. Morda je to povezano s koreninami jezika, vendar je bolje, da ne ugibamo, kajne?<\/p>\n<p>Ta del\u010dek se uporablja za ozna\u010devanje predmeta stavka, o \u010dem se govori. Skratka, temo stavka.<\/p>\n<p>\u308f\u305f\u3057<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u306f<\/span><\/strong>\u30d9\u30a2\u30c8\u30ea\u30b9\u3067\u3059\u3002 Me<strong> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Jaz sem<\/span><\/strong> Beatriz.<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u308c<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u306f<\/strong><\/span>\u3048\u3093\u3074\u3064\u3067\u3059\u3002 To <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u00e9<\/span><\/strong> svin\u010dnik.<\/p>\n<p>Vidite? To ni prislov, zato ni pravilnega prevoda.<\/p>\n<p>Navede le, o kom ali o \u010dem se govori, in na to \"poka\u017ee\". Pri prevajanju torej uporabite tisto, ki najbolj ustreza va\u0161emu jeziku.<\/p>\n<p>V tem primeru je <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Jaz sem<\/strong><\/span> e <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u00e9<\/strong><\/span>.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00a0Delci \u304c (ga)<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-287 size-full\" title=\"Delci \u304c (ga)\" src=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/ga.png\" alt=\"Delci \u304c (ga)\" width=\"203\" height=\"259\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>O tem mi ni treba veliko govoriti.<\/p>\n<p>Ta del\u010dek ozna\u010duje subjekt stavka, osebo, ki ji je pripisana neka lastnost ali ki opravlja neko dejanje.<\/p>\n<p>Zaradi podobne funkcije ga pogosto zamenjujejo z delcem \u306f.<\/p>\n<p>Ker se pri delcu \u306f pogosto zdi, da sta ozna\u010devanje predmeta stavka in teme stavka ena in ista stvar.<\/p>\n<p>\u3064\u304d<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u304c<\/strong><\/span>\u3067\u308b Luna je pri\u0161la ven (se rodila)<\/p>\n<p>\u3042\u305f\u307e<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u304c<\/strong><\/span>\u3044\u305f\u3044\u3002 Glava boli.<\/p>\n<p>V tem primeru ni besede, ki bi se pokazala kot prevod delca \u304c, ampak je le tam in ka\u017ee, kaj je predmet stavka, in \u010de to razumemo, je to dovolj dobro.<\/p>\n<p>Se vidimo naslednji\u010d. Sre\u010dno u\u010denje!<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pripravite se. Za\u010denjajo se nadle\u017ene malenkosti tega \u010dudovitega jezika. Zahodnjaki zelo sovra\u017eijo delce, saj v nobenem zahodnem jeziku nimamo enakovrednega izraza, zato se moramo dr\u017eati<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":289,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2,15],"class_list":["post-284","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-japones","tag-idioma-japones","tag-particulas-basicas","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=284"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/289"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=284"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=284"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=284"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}