{"id":1665,"date":"2009-11-03T04:43:39","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T06:43:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1665"},"modified":"2026-08-09T13:52:00","modified_gmt":"2026-08-09T16:52:00","slug":"desu-verbet-att-vara-pa-japanska","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/desu-o-verbo-ser-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3067\u3059 (desu) p\u00e5 japanska: betydelse, anv\u00e4ndning och former"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u3067\u3059 (<em>desu<\/em>)<\/strong> \u00e4r en artig form som anv\u00e4nds i slutet av m\u00e5nga japanska meningar. P\u00e5 portugisiska kan den f\u00f6rekomma i \u00f6vers\u00e4ttningar som \u201c\u00e9\u201d, \u201cest\u00e1\u201d, \u201csou\u201d eller \u201cs\u00e3o\u201d, men den fungerar inte som ett verb \u201cser\u201d som kan placeras i vilken mening som helst. Rollen f\u00f6r <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> beror p\u00e5 vilken typ av predikat som kommer f\u00f6re den.<\/p>\n\n<p>Tumregeln \u00e4r: anv\u00e4nd <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> huvudsakligen efter substantiv och na-adjektiv i artiga meningar. Efter i-adjektiv tillf\u00f6r den artighet, medan sj\u00e4lva adjektivet uttrycker och b\u00f6jer tillst\u00e5ndet. Med verb slutar den artiga formen normalt p\u00e5 <span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059<\/span>, inte p\u00e5 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Vad betyder desu p\u00e5 japanska?<\/h2>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> hj\u00e4lper till att bilda ett artigt predikat. J\u00e4mf\u00f6r tre typer av meningar:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">Herr Tanaka \u00e4r l\u00e4rare.<\/span><br \/><em>Tanaka-san \u00e4r l\u00e4rare.<\/em><br \/>Tanaka \u00e4r l\u00e4rare.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u753a\u306f\u9759\u304b\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kono machi wa shizuka desu.<\/em><br \/>Den h\u00e4r staden \u00e4r lugn.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">Det \u00e4r varmt idag.<\/span><br \/><em>Idag \u00e4r det varmt.<\/em><br \/>Idag \u00e4r det varmt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>I den f\u00f6rsta meningen \u00e4r, <span lang=\"ja\">\u5148\u751f<\/span> ett substantiv. I den andra \u00e4r, <span lang=\"ja\">\u9759\u304b<\/span> ett na-adjektiv. I den tredje \u00e4r, <span lang=\"ja\">\u6691\u3044<\/span> ett i-adjektiv: det inneh\u00e5ller redan id\u00e9n om \u201catt vara varm\u201d, och <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> g\u00f6r meningen artig.<\/p>\n\n<p>Denna skillnad undviker att \u00f6vers\u00e4tta varje del mekaniskt. F\u00f6r att f\u00f6rst\u00e5 hur predikatet organiserar meningen, se guiden om <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/hur-man-bildar-meningar-pa-japanska\/\">hur man bildar meningar p\u00e5 japanska<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Desu \u00e4r inte ett universellt \u201cvara\u201d-verb<\/h2>\n\n<p>Att kalla <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> f\u00f6r \u201cvara\u201d-verb kan hj\u00e4lpa i en f\u00f6rsta \u00f6vers\u00e4ttning, men skapar fel n\u00e4r det blir en absolut regel. Det ers\u00e4tter inte alla anv\u00e4ndningar av \u201cser\u201d och \u201cestar\u201d i portugisiska, och ska inte heller l\u00e4ggas till efter vilket japanskt verb som helst.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ett verb i artig form anv\u00e4nder normalt <span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059<\/span>:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Korrekt:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u6bce\u65e5\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Mainichi, nihongo o benky\u014d shimasu.<\/em><br \/>Jag studerar japanska varje dag.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Felaktigt:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u6bce\u65e5\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Det finns inte heller en unik motsvarighet mellan \u201cestar\u201d och <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span>. Existens, placering, p\u00e5g\u00e5ende handlingar och tillst\u00e5ndsf\u00f6r\u00e4ndringar anv\u00e4nder andra strukturer. D\u00e4rf\u00f6r \u00e4r det v\u00e4rt att f\u00f6rst l\u00e4ra sig skillnaden mellan substantiv, adjektiv och verb i <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/grundlaggande-japansk-grammatik\/\">japansk grammatik f\u00f6r nyb\u00f6rjare<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Artiga former med substantiv och \u306a-adjektiv<\/h2>\n\n<p>Japanska skiljer fr\u00e4mst mellan <strong>icke-d\u00e5tid<\/strong> e <strong>d\u00e5tid<\/strong>. Icke-d\u00e5tid kan beskriva nutid, vanor eller framtida situationer; sammanhanget anger den l\u00e4mpliga tolkningen. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/elementary01\/pdf\/Y_L04.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodoris grammatiktabell<\/a> presenterar denna mots\u00e4ttning och skiljer substantiv, adjektiv och verb \u00e5t.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>V\u00e4rde<\/th><th>Artig form<\/th><th>Exempel med substantiv<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Icke-d\u00e5tid jakande<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u4f11\u307f\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/>Idag \u00e4r det ledigt.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Inte negativt f\u00f6rflutet<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u4f11\u307f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/>Idag \u00e4r det inte ledigt.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Tidigare affirmativ<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6628\u65e5\u306f\u4f11\u307f\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><br \/>Ig\u00e5r var det ledigt.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Negativt f\u00f6rflutet<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span><br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6628\u65e5\u306f\u4f11\u307f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/>Ig\u00e5r var det inte ledigt.<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083<\/span> \u00e4r vanligt i tal. <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u306f<\/span> f\u00f6rekommer mer i skrift och i formella sammanhang. Det g\u00f6r inte <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044<\/span> \u201cur bruk\u201d: valet beror p\u00e5 register och struktur. Det inledande materialet fr\u00e5n Irodori bekr\u00e4ftar <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/starter\/pdf\/X_L03.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">negationerna <span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span> e <span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span><\/a> och f\u00f6rklarar preferensen f\u00f6r <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u306f<\/span> i skrift.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Vad \u00e4r skillnaden mellan desu och da?<\/h2>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> tillh\u00f6r den artiga stilen; <span lang=\"ja\">\u3060<\/span> tillh\u00f6r den enkla stilen. <span lang=\"ja\">\u3060<\/span> \u00e4r inte bara ett kort uttal av <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span>. Byten \u00e4ndrar frasens register och m\u00e5ste matcha situationen och resten av yttrandet.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>V\u00e4rde<\/th><th>Artig stil<\/th><th>Enkel stil<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Icke-d\u00e5tid jakande<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3060<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Inte negativt f\u00f6rflutet<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Tidigare affirmativ<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3060\u3063\u305f<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Negativt f\u00f6rflutet<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>I informella samtal kan <span lang=\"ja\">\u3060<\/span> slutet utel\u00e4mnas i vissa fraser, s\u00e4rskilt korta fr\u00e5gor: <span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\uff1f<\/span> (\u201c\u00c4r du student?\u201d). Det betyder inte att <span lang=\"ja\">\u3060<\/span> e <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> \u00e4r utbytbara i vilket sammanhang som helst. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/elementary01\/pdf\/Y_L18.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tabellen \u00f6ver enkla former fr\u00e5n Japan Foundation<\/a> registrera <span lang=\"ja\">\u3060\uff0f\u3060\u3063\u305f\uff0f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\uff0f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/span> f\u00f6r substantiv och \u306a-adjektiv.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Hur fungerar desu med \u3044-adjektiv?<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u3044-adjektiv b\u00f6js sj\u00e4lva. F\u00f6rvandla inte bara <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> p\u00e5 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span>. F\u00f6r\u00e4ndringen sker i adjektivet:<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>V\u00e4rde<\/th><th>Form<\/th><th>\u00d6vers\u00e4ttning<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Icke-d\u00e5tid jakande<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><em>takai desu<\/em><\/td><td>Det \u00e4r dyrt.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Inte negativt f\u00f6rflutet<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><em>takakunai desu<\/em><\/td><td>Det \u00e4r inte dyrt.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Tidigare affirmativ<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><em>takakatta desu<\/em><\/td><td>Det var dyrt.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Negativt f\u00f6rflutet<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><em>takakunakatta desu<\/em><\/td><td>Det var inte dyrt.<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>S\u00e5 h\u00e4r, <span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u3044\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span> \u00e4r felaktigt. F\u00f6r att f\u00f6rdjupa denna b\u00f6jning, se <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/hur-man-anvander-adjektiv-pa-japanska\/\">hur man anv\u00e4nder adjektiv p\u00e5 japanska<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Hur uttalar man desu?<\/h2>\n\n<p>L\u00e4sningen \u00e4r <em>desu<\/em>. I m\u00e5nga varianter och talsituationer blir vokalen <em>u<\/em> i slutet f\u00f6rsvagad eller tonl\u00f6s, vilket g\u00f6r att ordet l\u00e5ter n\u00e4ra \u201cdes\u201d. Detta till\u00e5ter inte att man forcerat tar bort ljudet i alla situationer. Region, \u00e5lder, hastighet, betoning och grad av formalitet kan \u00e4ndra uttalet. <a href=\"https:\/\/kotoba.ninjal.ac.jp\/qa\/yokuaru\/qa-215\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NINJAL f\u00f6rklarar uttalsvariationen i <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059\u30fb\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/a> och observerar regionala och generationsm\u00e4ssiga skillnader.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Hur g\u00f6r man om en mening med desu till en fr\u00e5ga?<\/h2>\n\n<p>I artigt register, l\u00e4gg till <span lang=\"ja\">\u304b<\/span> i slutet:<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u00c4r herr Tanaka l\u00e4rare?<\/span><br \/><em>\u00c4r Tanaka-san l\u00e4rare?.<\/em><br \/>Tanaka \u00e4r l\u00e4rare?<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u753a\u306f\u9759\u304b\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kono machi wa shizuka desu ka.<\/em><br \/>\u00c4r den h\u00e4r staden lugn?<\/p>\n\n<p>I informellt tal kan intonation och andra \u00e4ndelser bilda fr\u00e5gor utan <span lang=\"ja\">\u304b<\/span>. Guiden om <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/hur-man-staller-fragor-pa-japanska\/\">hur man st\u00e4ller fr\u00e5gor p\u00e5 japanska<\/a> f\u00f6rklarar skillnaden mellan artiga och informella fr\u00e5gor.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Vanliga misstag med desu<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Att anv\u00e4nda efter ett verb i ordboksform:<\/strong> f\u00f6redra <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059<\/span> i artig stil, inte <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304f\u3067\u3059<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Att bilda d\u00e5tid av ett \u3044-adjektiv som <span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u3044\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span>:<\/strong> den korrekta formen \u00e4r <span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Att behandla <span lang=\"ja\">\u3060<\/span> som en artig f\u00f6rkortning:<\/strong> den tillh\u00f6r den enkla stilen och kan l\u00e5ta alltf\u00f6r direkt i vissa relationer.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Att h\u00e4vda att <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044<\/span> inte anv\u00e4nds:<\/strong> formen \u00e4r fortfarande giltig; <span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044<\/span> \u00e4r bara mer konversationell.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Uttala alltid \u201cdes\u201d:<\/strong> reduktionen av <em>u<\/em> varierar; bevara f\u00f6rst rytmen och lyssna p\u00e5 talare i olika sammanhang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>Kort dialog med desu<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u00c4r herr Tanaka l\u00e4rare?<\/span><br \/><em>\u00c4r Tanaka-san l\u00e4rare?.<\/em><br \/>Tanaka \u00e4r l\u00e4rare?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>B:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u3044\u3044\u3048\u3001\u5148\u751f\u3058\u3083\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u4f1a\u793e\u54e1\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Iie, sensei ja arimasen. Kaishain desu.<\/em><br \/>Nej, han \u00e4r inte l\u00e4rare. Han \u00e4r anst\u00e4lld p\u00e5 ett f\u00f6retag.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u6628\u65e5\u3082\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kin\u014d mo shigoto deshita ka.<\/em><br \/>Var det ocks\u00e5 arbete ig\u00e5r?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>B:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u3044\u3044\u3048\u3001\u4f11\u307f\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Iie, yasumi deshita.<\/em><br \/>Nej, det var ledigt.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u00d6vning: v\u00e4lj r\u00e4tt form<\/h2>\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u201cIg\u00e5r var det lugnt\u201d: <span lang=\"ja\">\u6628\u65e5\u306f\u9759\u304b\uff08\u3067\u3059\uff0f\u3067\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\u201cIdag \u00e4r det inte helgdag\u201d: <span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u795d\u65e5\uff08\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059\uff0f\u3060\u3063\u305f\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\u201cDet var dyrt\u201d: <span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u3044\u3067\u3057\u305f\uff0f\u9ad8\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\u201cJag \u00e5ker till Japan\u201d i artig stil: <span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304f\u3067\u3059\uff0f\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p><strong>Svar:<\/strong> 1) <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span>, eftersom meningen \u00e4r i d\u00e5tid; 2) <span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span>, artig negation i nutid; 3) <span lang=\"ja\">\u9ad8\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span>, pois o adjetivo \u3044 recebe a flex\u00e3o; 4) <span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059<\/span>, porque verbos usam normalmente <span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059<\/span> no estilo educado.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Ofta st\u00e4llda fr\u00e5gor<\/h2>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-327455de07c61\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Vad betyder desu p\u00e5 japanska?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u3067\u3059 (desu) markerar en mening som artig och hj\u00e4lper till att bilda predikat med substantiv och adjektiv. \u00d6vers\u00e4ttningen kan vara \u201c\u00e4r\u201d, \u201cbefinner sig\u201d, \u201cjag \u00e4r\u201d eller \u201cde \u00e4r\u201d, men den exakta betydelsen beror p\u00e5 sammanhanget och elementet som kommer f\u00f6re.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-6eaab8f05fa53\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u00c4r desu verbet 'att vara' p\u00e5 japanska?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Inte universellt. Denna \u00f6vers\u00e4ttning kan hj\u00e4lpa i enkla meningar, men \u3067\u3059 ers\u00e4tter inte alla anv\u00e4ndningar av \u201cvara\u201d och \u201cbefinna sig\u201d. Japanska verb anv\u00e4nder normalt \u307e\u3059 i artig stil, medan substantiv och adjektiv f\u00f6ljer egna m\u00f6nster.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-78c00be5160ac\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Vad \u00e4r skillnaden mellan desu och da?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u3067\u3059 tillh\u00f6r den artiga stilen; \u3060 tillh\u00f6r den enkla stilen. De kan inta motsvarande funktioner efter substantiv och \u306a-adjektiv, men valet \u00e4ndrar registret och relationen till samtalspartnern. \u3060 \u00e4r inte bara en f\u00f6rkortning av \u3067\u3059.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-4ba13b3d77d08\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hur s\u00e4tter man desu i d\u00e5tid och i negation?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Med substantiv och na-adjektiv, anv\u00e4nd \u3067\u3057\u305f i jakande d\u00e5tid. F\u00f6r nekande former inkluderar vanliga former \u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059, \u3058\u3083\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093 och \u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093; i nekande d\u00e5tid, anv\u00e4nd \u3058\u3083\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059, \u3058\u3083\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f eller \u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-7eb9c5d674bd2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Kan jag anv\u00e4nda desu efter vilket verb som helst?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Nej. Ett verb i artig form slutar vanligtvis p\u00e5 \u307e\u3059: \u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059, till exempel. Konstruktionen \u884c\u304f\u3067\u3059 \u00e4r inkorrekt i standardjapanska. \u3067\u3059 kan f\u00f6rekomma efter vissa former som redan fungerar som predikat, men ers\u00e4tter inte verbets konjugation.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>Pr\u00f3ximo passo: reconhe\u00e7a o tipo de predicado<\/h2>\n\n<p>Antes de escolher <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u3060<\/span> eller . <span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059<\/span>, identifique se o n\u00facleo da frase \u00e9 um substantivo, um adjetivo \u306a, um adjetivo \u3044 ou um verbo. Essa decis\u00e3o simples evita a maior parte dos erros e conecta este tema \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/japansk-ordfoljd\/\">Ordf\u00f6ljden i japanska<\/a> e \u00e0s <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/grundlaggande-partiklar-pa-japanska\/\">part\u00edculas que marcam a fun\u00e7\u00e3o dos grupos<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>F\u00f6rst\u00e5 vad \u3067\u3059 (desu) betyder, n\u00e4r du ska anv\u00e4nda denna artiga form och hur du skiljer substantiv, adjektiv och verb i japanska meningar.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":1667,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,73,60],"tags":[27,71,2,3],"class_list":["post-1665","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-verbos-em-japones","category-vocabulario-japones","tag-gramatica","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1665","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1665"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1665\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4403,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1665\/revisions\/4403"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1667"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1665"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1665"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1665"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}