{"id":1686,"date":"2009-11-03T04:54:11","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T06:54:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1686"},"modified":"2018-03-09T22:26:09","modified_gmt":"2018-03-10T01:26:09","slug":"substantiv-pa-japanska","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/substantivos-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Substantiv p\u00e5 japanska"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"ca37210a771ea5350c46bdff28d7a265\" data-index=\"2\" style=\"float: none; margin:0px;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- Ads responsivo Inicio Post CAJap -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0652292147574552\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"3298668993\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Ta reda p\u00e5 mer om\u00a0<strong>substantiv p\u00e5 japanska<\/strong> av nihongo!<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Som m\u00e5nga av er kanske redan vet \u00e4r substantiv ord som anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att referera till m\u00e4nniskor, platser, djur, tankar eller begrepp. Det \u00e4r viktigt att kunna s\u00e5 m\u00e5nga substantiv som m\u00f6jligt, f\u00f6r utan dem kan du inte prata om konkreta saker (fisk, penna, person, t\u00e5rta ...), \u00e4n mindre om mer abstrakta begrepp (fred, k\u00e4rlek, tillgivenhet ...).<\/p>\n<h2>Substantiv p\u00e5 japanska<\/h2>\n<p>Substantiv \u00e4r grunden f\u00f6r kommunikation p\u00e5 alla spr\u00e5k. Men gl\u00f6m inte att l\u00e4ra dig lite grammatik, eftersom du m\u00e5ste veta hur du ordnar och relaterar ord p\u00e5 ett sammanh\u00e4ngande s\u00e4tt.<span id=\"more-271\"><\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Om artiklarna<\/h2>\n<p>Det var det f\u00f6rsta som slog mig med det japanska spr\u00e5ket. Det finns ingen motsvarighet till v\u00e5ra best\u00e4mda (o, a, os och as) och obest\u00e4mda (um, uma, uns, umas) artiklar. Den exakta betydelsen av ett ord \u00e4r endast k\u00e4nd genom dess sammanhang. P\u00e5 detta s\u00e4tt \u00e4r ordet\u00a0<acronym title=\"sakana - fisk\">\u9b5a<\/acronym>\u00a0kan betyda \"en fisk\" eller \"fisken\".<\/p>\n<p>Om du vill vara mer specifik kan du anv\u00e4nda\u00a0<a title=\"De demonstrativa pronomen p\u00e5 japanska\" href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/japanska-demonstrativa-pronomen\/\">demonstrativa pronomen p\u00e5 japanska<\/a>som\u00a0<acronym title=\"kono - det h\u00e4r, det h\u00e4r och det h\u00e4r\">\u3053\u306e<\/acronym>,\u00a0<acronym title=\"s\u00f6mn - det ena, det andra och det andra\">\u305d\u306e<\/acronym>\u00a0e\u00a0<acronym title=\"\u00e5r - det, det, det\">\u3042\u306e<\/acronym>Du kan ocks\u00e5 anv\u00e4nda r\u00e4kneord f\u00f6re substantivet, men det \u00e4r n\u00e5got vi kommer till en annan g\u00e5ng.<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Om k\u00f6n och antal<\/h2>\n<p>Det japanska spr\u00e5ket g\u00f6r livet mycket komplicerat f\u00f6r nyb\u00f6rjare n\u00e4r det g\u00e4ller genus (maskulinum\/femininum) och antal (plural och singular). F\u00f6r att ge dig en uppfattning, l\u00e5t oss anv\u00e4nda ordet\u00a0<acronym title=\"ko - barn, pojke, flicka, pojke, flicka\">\u5b50<\/acronym>. Det \u00e4r vad du f\u00f6rmodligen t\u00e4nker. Kanji\u00a0<acronym title=\"ko - barn, pojke, flicka, pojke, flicka\">\u5b50<\/acronym>\u00a0kan \u00f6vers\u00e4ttas med \"pojke\", \"flicka\", \"pojkar\" eller \"flickor\", utan att g\u00f6ra minsta skillnad mellan k\u00f6n och antal.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c4ven om de kan vara f\u00f6rvirrande \u00e4r japanska substantiv l\u00e4tta att l\u00e4ra sig eftersom de aldrig \u00e4ndrar form och alltid har samma konstruktion.<\/p>\n<h2>Hur man undviker att bli f\u00f6rvirrad<\/h2>\n<p>F\u00f6r att inte blanda ihop manligt och kvinnligt anv\u00e4nder japanerna kombinationer av kanji f\u00f6r att g\u00f6ra konversationen mer objektiv och lite mindre f\u00f6rvirrande. F\u00f6r att g\u00f6ra saker tydligare, l\u00e5t oss anv\u00e4nda frasen\u00a0<acronym title=\"kore wa ko desu.\">\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5b50\u3067\u3059<\/acronym>.<\/p>\n<p>Redan fr\u00e5n b\u00f6rjan g\u00e5r det inte att avg\u00f6ra om det handlar om n\u00e5gon i maskulin eller feminin bem\u00e4rkelse. Det g\u00e5r inte heller att s\u00e4ga om meningen handlar om en eller flera personer. Det \u00e4r sv\u00e5rt att ens v\u00e5ga sig p\u00e5 en \u00f6vers\u00e4ttning till portugisiska.<\/p>\n<p>F\u00f6r att g\u00f6ra det l\u00e4ttare att f\u00f6rst\u00e5 m\u00e5ste vi l\u00e4gga till fler ord i meningen. Se exemplen nedan:<\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kore wa otokonoko desu. - Det h\u00e4r \u00e4r en pojke.\">DET H\u00c4R \u00c4R INTE SANT.<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"kore wa onnanoko desu. - Det h\u00e4r \u00e4r en flicka (kvinnobarn)\">\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5973\u306e\u5b50\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kore wa onnanoko ga gonin desu. - Det h\u00e4r \u00e4r fem flickor.\">\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5973\u306e\u5b50\u304c\u4e94\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p><acronym title=\"Kore wa otokonoko ga rokunin desu. - Det h\u00e4r \u00e4r sex pojkar.\">\u3053\u308c\u7537\u306f\u7537\u306e\u5b50\u304c\u516d\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/acronym><\/p>\n<p>Trots att vi kan forma meningar p\u00e5 ett tydligare s\u00e4tt anv\u00e4nds de inte s\u00e4rskilt mycket av japanerna, utom i de fall d\u00e5 det verkligen \u00e4r n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndigt att skilja mellan k\u00f6n och antal. Japanerna f\u00f6redrar alltid att l\u00e4mna den verkliga inneb\u00f6rden av saker och ting i sammanhanget snarare \u00e4n uttryckligen.<\/p>\n<h2>Handskrifts\u00f6vning av kanji<\/h2>\n<p>Nedan finns de\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/hur-man-skriver-japanska-kanji-bokstaver\/\">Japanska ideografiska symboler<\/a>\u00a0som anv\u00e4nds i denna artikel. Genom att v\u00e4lja \u00f6nskade kanji kopierar du dem och klistrar in dem i\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/in\/imprimir-para-treinar-kanas-e-kanjis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Arbetsblad f\u00f6r Kana och Kanji<\/a>\u00a0Ett nytt f\u00f6nster \u00f6ppnas d\u00e4r du kan se den utskrivbara filen och \u00f6va p\u00e5 japansk kalligrafi genom att t\u00e4cka \u00f6ver de gr\u00e5 symbolerna och sedan f\u00f6rs\u00f6ka skriva sj\u00e4lv. Det \u00e4r bara att skriva ut och \u00f6va.<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 47px\" border=\"0\" width=\"314\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u9b5a<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u5b50<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u7537<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u5973<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"middle\">\u4eba<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u00e4r dig mer om substantiv p\u00e5 nihongo japanska! Som m\u00e5nga av er kanske redan vet \u00e4r substantiv ord som anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att referera till m\u00e4nniskor, platser, djur, tankar eller koncept. Det \u00e4r viktigt att kunna s\u00e5 m\u00e5nga substantiv som m\u00f6jligt<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":1688,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,75],"tags":[27,71,2,3],"class_list":["post-1686","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-substantivos-japoneses","tag-gramatica","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/11\/substantivos-em-japones.png?fit=500%2C400&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1671,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/relacionando-substantivos-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":1686,"position":0},"title":"Relaterande substantiv p\u00e5 japanska","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de november de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"As maneiras mais comuns de expressar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre dois ou mais substantivos em japon\u00eas, \u00e9 usando a part\u00edcula\u00a0\u306e\u00a0entre eles. Relacionando substantivos em japon\u00eas A part\u00edcula\u00a0\u306e, normalmente indica tr\u00eas id\u00e9ias b\u00e1sicas: posse, origem e especializa\u00e7\u00e3o. Ela indica posse quando o substantivo est\u00e1 relacionado \u00e0 outro substantivo. Nestes casos, a part\u00edcula\u00a0\u306e\u00a0pode\u2026","rel":"","context":"I \u201dCurso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis\u201d","block_context":{"text":"Curso de Japon\u00eas Gr\u00e1tis","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/curso-de-japones-gratis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Relacionando substantivos em japon\u00eas","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/relacionando-substantivos-em-japones.png?fit=500%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2370,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/a-particula-ya-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":1686,"position":1},"title":"Partikeln YA p\u00e5 japanska","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de februari de 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Agora vamos ampliar seu conhecimento sobre\u00a0a part\u00edcula YA em japon\u00eas! A principal fun\u00e7\u00e3o da part\u00edcula\u00a0ya\u00a0\u00e9 simplesmente criar listas de substantivos japoneses. Dessa forma, podemos citar um conjunto de coisas existentes em algum lugar ou coisas que iremos fazer. Neste momento, muitos leitores devem estar lembrando da part\u00edcula japonesa\u00a0to, que tamb\u00e9m\u2026","rel":"","context":"I \u201dGram\u00e1tica Japonesa\u201d","block_context":{"text":"Gram\u00e1tica Japonesa","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/gramatica-japonesa\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A part\u00edcula YA em japon\u00eas","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/a-particula-ya-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/a-particula-ya-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/a-particula-ya-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1699,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/tipos-de-adjetivos-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":1686,"position":2},"title":"Typer av adjektiv p\u00e5 japanska","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de november de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Conhe\u00e7a os tipos de adjetivos em japon\u00eas e aprenda mais! 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Segundo a gram\u00e1tica japonesa, os adjetivos em japon\u00eas podem ser usados de v\u00e1rias formas diferentes, contudo as formas de uso mais comuns s\u00e3o antes e depois dos substantivos. Como usar adjetivos em japon\u00eas Passe o cursor do mouse sobre os s\u00edmbolos japoneses\u2026","rel":"","context":"I \u201dAdjetivos japoneses\u201d","block_context":{"text":"Adjetivos japoneses","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/adjetivos-japoneses\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Como usar adjetivos em japon\u00eas - \u305d\u308c\u306f\u9752\u3044\u672c\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/como-usar-os-adjetivos-em-japones.png?fit=500%2C400&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2403,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/a-particula-to-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":1686,"position":4},"title":"Partikeln TO p\u00e5 japanska","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"27 de januari de 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda agora mais sobre a\u00a0part\u00edcula TO em japon\u00eas! 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Ao contr\u00e1rio de outras\u00a0part\u00edculas japonesas, a part\u00edcula\u00a0to\u00a0sempre lista itens de um modo objetivo, indicando todos os elementos existentes numa determinada\u2026","rel":"","context":"I \u201dPart\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas\u201d","block_context":{"text":"Part\u00edculas em Japon\u00eas","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/particulas-em-japones\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A part\u00edcula TO em japon\u00eas","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/a-particula-to-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/a-particula-to-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/a-particula-to-em-japones.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1680,"url":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/pronomes-demonstrativos-em-japones\/","url_meta":{"origin":1686,"position":5},"title":"De demonstrativa pronomen p\u00e5 japanska","author":"L\u00edngua Japonesa","date":"3 de november de 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Aprenda mais sobre os pronomes demonstrativos em japon\u00eas! 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