{"id":2120,"date":"2009-11-04T06:24:41","date_gmt":"2009-11-04T08:24:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2120"},"modified":"2026-08-15T19:25:47","modified_gmt":"2026-08-15T22:25:47","slug":"planer-och-avsikter-med-tsumori","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/planos-e-intencoes-com-tsumori\/","title":{"rendered":"Tsumori (\u3064\u3082\u308a) p\u00e5 japanska: planer, avsikt och anv\u00e4ndning"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> (<em>tsumori<\/em>)<\/strong> anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att tala om en avsikt eller en plan som personen redan har i \u00e5tanke. Den vanligaste strukturen \u00e4r <strong>verb i grundform + <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/strong>: <span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u3067\u50cd\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span> betyder \u201cjag t\u00e4nker arbeta i Japan\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<p>Formen som placeras f\u00f6re <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> \u00e4ndrar tolkningen helt. <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span> uttrycker avsikt att g\u00e5; <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span>, avsikt att inte g\u00e5; <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span>, en avsikt som fanns i det f\u00f6rflutna. D\u00e4remot <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u3063\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span> betyder inte \u201cjag planerade att g\u00e5\u201d: det indikerar vanligtvis att personen tror att de har g\u00e5tt eller betraktar handlingen som utf\u00f6rd.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Snabbt svar: hur man anv\u00e4nder tsumori p\u00e5 japanska?<\/h2>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Struktur<\/th><th>Huvudanv\u00e4ndning<\/th><th>Exempel<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u308b + \u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td>jag t\u00e4nker g\u00f6ra<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u306a\u3044 + \u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td>jag t\u00e4nker inte g\u00f6ra<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u308b + \u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span><\/td><td>jag t\u00e4nkte g\u00f6ra<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u8cb7\u3046\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u305f + \u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><td>acredito ter feito \/ ajo como se tivesse feito<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u9001\u3063\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>O verbo vem na <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/konjugering-av-verb-i-japanska\/\">forma simples, afirmativa ou negativa<\/a>. N\u00e3o se coloca a forma <span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059<\/span> diretamente antes de <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span>. Diga <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span>, och inte <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>O que significa tsumori?<\/h2>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> \u00e9 um substantivo formal que pode representar inten\u00e7\u00e3o, prop\u00f3sito, convic\u00e7\u00e3o ou a maneira como a pessoa entende uma situa\u00e7\u00e3o. No uso b\u00e1sico com um verbo no n\u00e3o passado, ele apresenta uma inten\u00e7\u00e3o que j\u00e1 existia antes do momento da fala.<\/p>\n\n<p>Por isso, <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> n\u00e3o costuma ser a melhor escolha para uma decis\u00e3o tomada naquele exato instante. Se algu\u00e9m pergunta \u201cVoc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m vai?\u201d e voc\u00ea decide na hora, uma resposta como <span lang=\"ja\">\u79c1\u3082\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059<\/span> (\u201cEu tamb\u00e9m vou\u201d) \u00e9 mais natural. <span lang=\"ja\">\u79c1\u3082\u884c\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span> sugere que voc\u00ea j\u00e1 tinha essa inten\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n<p>Nos textos gramaticais, a grafia em hiragana <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> \u00e9 a forma mais clara e comum. Evite trocar automaticamente por <span lang=\"ja\">\u7a4d\u3082\u308a<\/span>, sobretudo em exemplos para iniciantes.<\/p>\n\n<h2>V\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059: inten\u00e7\u00e3o de fazer algo<\/h2>\n\n<p>Use a forma de dicion\u00e1rio do verbo antes de <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span>:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u5e74\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Rainen, Nihon e iku tsumori desu.<\/em><br \/>Jag t\u00e4nker \u00e5ka till Japan n\u00e4sta \u00e5r.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u5352\u696d\u3057\u305f\u3089\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u3067\u50cd\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Sotsugyou shitara, Nihon de hataraku tsumori desu.<\/em><br \/>N\u00e4r jag tar examen t\u00e4nker jag arbeta i Japan.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u9031\u672b\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30d1\u30bd\u30b3\u30f3\u3092\u8cb7\u3046\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Konshuumatsu, atarashii pasokon o kau tsumori desu.<\/em><br \/>Jag t\u00e4nker k\u00f6pa en ny dator i helgen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> g\u00f6r meningen artig. I vardagligt samtal anv\u00e4nds <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3060<\/span> eller, n\u00e4r sammanhanget redan \u00e4r klart, bara <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span>. F\u00f6r att se skillnaden mellan dessa \u00e4ndelser, se <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/desu-verbet-att-vara-pa-japanska\/\"><span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> p\u00e5 japanska<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>V\u306a\u3044\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059: avsikt att inte g\u00f6ra<\/h2>\n\n<p>Den grundl\u00e4ggande negationen ligger i verbet:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u304a\u9152\u3092\u98f2\u307e\u306a\u3044\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kyou wa osake o nomanai tsumori desu.<\/em><br \/>Jag t\u00e4nker inte dricka alkohol idag.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3057\u3070\u3089\u304f\u56fd\u306b\u5e30\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Shibaraku kuni ni kaeranai tsumori desu.<\/em><br \/>Jag t\u00e4nker inte \u00e5ka tillbaka till mitt land p\u00e5 ett tag.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Det finns ocks\u00e5 <span lang=\"ja\">V\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span>, bokstavligen \u201cjag har ingen avsikt att g\u00f6ra\u201d. Denna konstruktion brukar f\u00f6rneka avsikten starkare:<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u305d\u306e\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3092\u8f9e\u3081\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Sono shigoto o yameru tsumori wa arimasen.<\/em><br \/>Jag har ingen avsikt att sluta p\u00e5 det jobbet.<\/p>\n\n<p>J\u00e4mf\u00f6r nyansen: <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span> presenterar planen att inte g\u00e5; <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/span> avvisar tydligt m\u00f6jligheten eller avsikten att g\u00e5.<\/p>\n\n<!--Ads6-->\n\n<h2>Hur s\u00e4tter man tsumori i d\u00e5tid?<\/h2>\n\n<p>F\u00f6r att s\u00e4ga att avsikten fanns i det f\u00f6rflutna, beh\u00e5ll verbet i icke-d\u00e5tid och s\u00e4tt <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> i d\u00e5tid:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">V\u308b + \u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u6628\u65e5\u306f\u65e9\u304f\u5bdd\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kinou wa hayaku neru tsumori deshita.<\/em><br \/>Ig\u00e5r t\u00e4nkte jag g\u00e5 och l\u00e4gga mig tidigt.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u305d\u306e\u672c\u3092\u8cb7\u3046\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u58f2\u308a\u5207\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Sono hon o kau tsumori deshita ga, urikirete imashita.<\/em><br \/>Jag t\u00e4nkte k\u00f6pa den boken, men den var sluts\u00e5ld.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Strukturen talar om den tidigare avsikten; den bekr\u00e4ftar inte att handlingen \u00e4gde rum. I den f\u00f6rsta meningen kan personen ha g\u00e5tt och lagt sig sent. I den andra vet vi fr\u00e5n sammanhanget att k\u00f6pet inte \u00e4gde rum.<\/p>\n\n<h2>V\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a \u00e4r inte d\u00e5tid av en avsikt<\/h2>\n\n<p>Detta \u00e4r den punkt som orsakar mest f\u00f6rvirring. N\u00e4r verbet st\u00e5r i formen <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f<\/span> f\u00f6re <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span>, \u00e4r inneb\u00f6rden vanligtvis \u201ctro att man har gjort\u201d, \u201canse att man har gjort\u201d eller \u201cagera som om man hade gjort\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u30e1\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u9001\u3063\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u4e0b\u66f8\u304d\u306b\u6b8b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Meeru o okutta tsumori deshita ga, shitagaki ni nokotte imashita.<\/em><br \/>Jag trodde att jag hade skickat e-postmeddelandet, men det l\u00e5g kvar i utkasten.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u4f1d\u308f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Setsumei shita tsumori desu ga, tsutawatte inakatta you desu.<\/em><br \/>Jag trodde att jag hade f\u00f6rklarat, men det verkar som att budskapet inte gick fram.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>I b\u00e5da exemplen finns det en skillnad mellan talarens uppfattning och det observerade resultatet. D\u00e4rf\u00f6r:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span>: jag t\u00e4nkte f\u00f6rklara.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span>: jag trodde att jag hade f\u00f6rklarat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">V\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067<\/span> kan ocks\u00e5 betyda \u201csom om man hade gjort\u201d:<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u65c5\u884c\u3057\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u304a\u91d1\u3092\u8caf\u91d1\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Ryokou shita tsumori de, sono okane o chokin shimasu.<\/em><br \/>Jag kommer att spara de pengarna som om jag hade gjort resan.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Tsumori, tai och yotei: vad \u00e4r skillnaden?<\/h2>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Uttryck<\/th><th>Central id\u00e9<\/th><th>Exempel<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u305f\u3044<\/span><\/td><td>\u00f6nskan att g\u00f6ra<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span><\/td><td>avsikt eller personlig plan som redan \u00f6verv\u00e4gts<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><span lang=\"ja\">V\u308b\u4e88\u5b9a<\/span><\/td><td>mer objektiv planering eller f\u00f6ruts\u00e4gelse<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304f\u4e88\u5b9a\u3067\u3059<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/japanska-verb-i-tai-form\/\">form <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span><\/a> s\u00e4ger vad du vill g\u00f6ra, \u00e4ven n\u00e4r det \u00e4nnu inte finns en konkret plan. <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> f\u00f6rmedlar avsikt. <span lang=\"ja\">\u4e88\u5b9a<\/span> presenterar n\u00e5got som planering eller \u00e5tagande, som till och med kan ha best\u00e4mts av n\u00e5gon annan.<\/p>\n\n<p>J\u00e4mf\u00f6r:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u3067\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Jag vill studera i Japan.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u6765\u5e74\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u3067\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Jag t\u00e4nker studera i Japan n\u00e4sta \u00e5r.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u6388\u696d\u306f\u56db\u6708\u306b\u59cb\u307e\u308b\u4e88\u5b9a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span> \u2014 Lektionerna \u00e4r planerade att b\u00f6rja i april.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>\u00c4r det m\u00f6jligt att anv\u00e4nda tsumori f\u00f6r att prata om n\u00e5gon annan?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ja, n\u00e4r hens avsikt \u00e4r k\u00e4nd. Till exempel:<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u306f\u6765\u5e74\u4f1a\u793e\u3092\u8f9e\u3081\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Tanaka-san wa rainen kaisha o yameru tsumori desu.<\/em><br \/>Tanaka t\u00e4nker sluta p\u00e5 f\u00f6retaget n\u00e4sta \u00e5r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Eftersom vi inte har direkt tillg\u00e5ng till en annan persons tankar, kr\u00e4ver m\u00e5nga situationer en k\u00e4lla eller ett tecken p\u00e5 os\u00e4kerhet:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u306f\u4f1a\u793e\u3092\u8f9e\u3081\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3060\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/>Tanaka s\u00e4ger att han t\u00e4nker sluta p\u00e5 f\u00f6retaget.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u306f\u4f1a\u793e\u3092\u8f9e\u3081\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u306e\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/>Det verkar som att Tanaka t\u00e4nker sluta p\u00e5 f\u00f6retaget.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Valet beror p\u00e5 hur du fick informationen. Denna omsorg hj\u00e4lper ocks\u00e5 till att <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/hur-man-bildar-meningar-pa-japanska\/\">bilda mer naturliga meningar p\u00e5 japanska<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Andra anv\u00e4ndningar: N\u306e\u3064\u3082\u308a och na-adjektiv + \u3064\u3082\u308a<\/h2>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> f\u00f6rekommer inte bara efter verb. Med substantiv anv\u00e4nds <span lang=\"ja\">N\u306e\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span>; med na-adjektiv, <span lang=\"ja\">A\u306a\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span>. I dessa fall \u00e4r id\u00e9n ofta \u201ci egenskap av\u201d, \u201cmed \u00f6vertygelsen att\u201d eller \u201ct\u00e4nkande att\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u65c5\u884c\u306e\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u6e96\u5099\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Ryokou no tsumori de junbi shite imashita.<\/em><br \/>Jag f\u00f6rberedde mig i tron att det skulle bli en resa.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u7c21\u5358\u306a\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u610f\u5916\u306b\u96e3\u3057\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kantan na tsumori deshita ga, igai ni muzukashikatta desu.<\/em><br \/>Jag trodde att det skulle vara enkelt, men det var f\u00f6rv\u00e5nansv\u00e4rt sv\u00e5rt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>F\u00f6r nyb\u00f6rjare \u00e4r det b\u00e4st att f\u00f6rst beh\u00e4rska <span lang=\"ja\">V\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> e <span lang=\"ja\">V\u306a\u3044\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span>. De \u00f6vriga anv\u00e4ndningarna blir tydligare n\u00e4r grundstrukturen redan \u00e4r automatisk.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Vanliga misstag med tsumori<\/h2>\n\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Att s\u00e4tta <span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059<\/span> f\u00f6re <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span>.<\/strong> Anv\u00e4nd <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span>, inte <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span>. Artigheten visas i slutet; se \u00e4ven <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/masu-form-av-japanska-verb\/\">form <span lang=\"ja\">\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Att anv\u00e4nda <span lang=\"ja\">V\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> som enkel d\u00e5tid av avsikten.<\/strong> \u201cHade f\u00f6r avsikt att g\u00f6ra\u201d \u00e4r <span lang=\"ja\">V\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Att blanda ihop avsikt att inte g\u00f6ra med en handling som inte utf\u00f6rts.<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/span> \u00e4r en plan; <span lang=\"ja\">\u884c\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span> rapporterar att personen inte gick.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Att anv\u00e4nda <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> f\u00f6r en \u00f6nskan utan plan.<\/strong> N\u00e4r det bara finns en \u00f6nskan, <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span> \u00e4r vanligtvis mer l\u00e4mpligt.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Att anv\u00e4nda <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> f\u00f6r ett omedelbart beslut.<\/strong> Uttrycket indikerar normalt en redan bildad avsikt.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Att anta vad andra t\u00e4nker.<\/strong> Vid behov, l\u00e4gg till <span lang=\"ja\">\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059<\/span> eller annan k\u00e4llangivelse.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h2>Minidialog<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u590f\u4f11\u307f\u306f\u4f55\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Natsuyasumi wa nani o suru tsumori desu ka.<\/em><br \/>Vad t\u00e4nker du g\u00f6ra p\u00e5 sommarlovet?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>B:<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u3078\u884c\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3067\u3082\u3001\u307e\u3060\u30db\u30c6\u30eb\u3092\u4e88\u7d04\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Hokkaidou e iku tsumori desu. Demo, mada hoteru o yoyaku shite imasen.<\/em><br \/>Jag t\u00e4nker \u00e5ka till Hokkaido. Men jag har inte bokat hotellet \u00e4nnu.<\/p>\n\n<p>Svaret kommunicerar en redan formad avsikt, men det andra yttrandet visar att planeringen \u00e4nnu inte \u00e4r komplett. <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> garanterar inte att handlingen kommer att ske.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Snabb\u00f6vning<\/h2>\n\n<p>Fyll i med l\u00e4mplig form:<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li>Jag t\u00e4nker studera japanska varje dag.<\/li>\n<li>Jag t\u00e4nker inte k\u00f6pa en bil i \u00e5r.<\/li>\n<li>Jag t\u00e4nkte ringa ig\u00e5r, men jag gl\u00f6mde.<\/li>\n<li>Jag trodde att jag hade st\u00e4ngt d\u00f6rren.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p><strong>Svar:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u6bce\u65e5\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u5e74\u306f\u8eca\u3092\u8cb7\u308f\u306a\u3044\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u6628\u65e5\u3001\u96fb\u8a71\u3059\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u5fd8\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u30c9\u30a2\u3092\u9589\u3081\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>Kom ih\u00e5g denna skillnad: <strong><span lang=\"ja\">V\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> = avsikt att g\u00f6ra<\/strong>, <strong><span lang=\"ja\">V\u306a\u3044\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> = avsikt att inte g\u00f6ra<\/strong>, <strong><span lang=\"ja\">V\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/span> = tidigare avsikt<\/strong> e <strong><span lang=\"ja\">V\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> = \u00f6vertygelse om att ha gjort eller \u201csom om man hade gjort\u201d<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Ofta st\u00e4llda fr\u00e5gor<\/h2>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-bda89b31f1ad2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Vad betyder tsumori p\u00e5 japanska?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u3064\u3082\u308a indikerar en avsikt, en redan \u00f6verv\u00e4gd plan eller, i andra m\u00f6nster, personens \u00f6vertygelse om en handling. V\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059 betyder vanligtvis \u2018jag t\u00e4nker g\u00f6ra\u2019.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-d4d1d6e33eb91\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Vilken verbform kommer f\u00f6re tsumori?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Verbet kommer i enkel form. Anv\u00e4nd lexikonformen f\u00f6r avsikt i jakande form, som \u884c\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059, och \u306a\u3044-formen f\u00f6r nekande avsikt, som \u884c\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-d4fbbb1c372f1\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Kan jag anv\u00e4nda masu-formen f\u00f6re tsumori?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Nej. S\u00e4g \u884c\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059, inte \u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059. Den enkla formen kommer f\u00f6re \u3064\u3082\u308a, medan \u3067\u3059 g\u00f6r slutet av meningen artigt.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-c2ccda15d119d\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hur s\u00e4ger man att man inte t\u00e4nker g\u00f6ra n\u00e5got?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Anv\u00e4nd V\u306a\u3044\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3059 f\u00f6r att presentera avsikten att inte g\u00f6ra. V\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093 \u00e4r ocks\u00e5 m\u00f6jligt och brukar f\u00f6rneka avsikten med mer kraft.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-bacf266d80c5c\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hur s\u00e4tter man tsumori i d\u00e5tid?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>F\u00f6r en avsikt som fanns i det f\u00f6rflutna, anv\u00e4nd V\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f eller V\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3060\u3063\u305f. Till exempel betyder \u8cb7\u3046\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f \u2018jag hade f\u00f6r avsikt att k\u00f6pa\u2019.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-2b41c7b2587fb\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">V\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a betyder vad?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>V\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a indikerar vanligtvis att personen tror att de har gjort n\u00e5got eller agerar som om de har gjort det. \u9001\u3063\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f betyder \u2018jag trodde att jag hade skickat\u2019, inte \u2018jag hade f\u00f6r avsikt att skicka\u2019.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-ec97697ef8218\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Vad \u00e4r skillnaden mellan tsumori, tai och yotei?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>V\u305f\u3044 uttrycker \u00f6nskan; V\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a presenterar en avsikt eller personlig plan; V\u308b\u4e88\u5b9a presenterar ett schema eller en mer objektiv f\u00f6ruts\u00e4gelse.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-eca870e953690\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Kan Tsumori prata om n\u00e5gon annans plan?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Ja, n\u00e4r avsikten \u00e4r k\u00e4nd. Om informationen inte \u00e4r direkt, ange k\u00e4llan eller os\u00e4kerheten med former som \u3064\u3082\u308a\u3060\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 eller \u3064\u3082\u308a\u306e\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>K\u00e4llor f\u00f6r f\u00f6rdjupning<\/h2>\n\n<p>Skillnaden mellan avsikt, \u00f6vertygelse, d\u00e5tid och negation har bekr\u00e4ftats i artiklarna fr\u00e5n Japans stiftelse om <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpf.go.jp\/j\/project\/japanese\/teach\/tsushin\/grammar\/201212.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span>, del 1<\/a> e <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpf.go.jp\/j\/project\/japanese\/teach\/tsushin\/grammar\/201303.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span>, del 2<\/a>. Kontrasten mellan <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u3064\u3082\u308a<\/span> e <span lang=\"ja\">\uff08\u3088\uff09\u3046\u3068\u601d\u3046<\/span> granskades i materialet <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/elementary02\/pdf\/Z_L18.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodori \u2014 planer och f\u00f6rhoppningar f\u00f6r framtiden<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u00e4r dig att anv\u00e4nda tsumori (\u3064\u3082\u308a) p\u00e5 japanska f\u00f6r att uttrycka avsikt, negera en plan och skilja mellan V\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3057\u305f och V\u305f\u3064\u3082\u308a.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":2121,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,73],"tags":[69,2,3],"class_list":["post-2120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-verbos-em-japones","tag-curso-japones-gratis","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2120","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2120"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2120\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4436,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2120\/revisions\/4436"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2121"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2120"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2120"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}