{"id":2172,"date":"2010-04-29T09:00:09","date_gmt":"2010-04-29T12:00:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2172"},"modified":"2026-08-16T00:20:05","modified_gmt":"2026-08-16T03:20:05","slug":"lista-over-transitiva-och-intransitiva-verb-pa-japanska","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/lista-verbos-transitivos-e-intransitivos-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Transitiva och intransitiva verb p\u00e5 japanska: lista och exempel"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Transitiva och intransitiva verb i japanska beskriver samma situation ur olika perspektiv.<\/strong> Det transitiva verbet visar att n\u00e5gon agerar p\u00e5 ett objekt, vanligtvis i m\u00f6nstret <strong>person \u304c + objekt \u3092 + verb<\/strong>. Det intransitiva verbet presenterar n\u00e5got som h\u00e4nder eller \u00e4ndrar tillst\u00e5nd, vanligtvis som <strong>element \u304c + verb<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>J\u00e4mf\u00f6r: <strong>\u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/strong> betyder \u201cd\u00f6rren \u00f6ppnades\u201d, medan <strong>\u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u304c\u30c9\u30a2\u3092\u958b\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/strong> betyder \u201cTanaka \u00f6ppnade d\u00f6rren\u201d. I det f\u00f6rsta fallet ligger fokus p\u00e5 h\u00e4ndelsen; i det andra p\u00e5 en persons handling p\u00e5 d\u00f6rren.<\/p>\n\n<p>Skillnaden motsvarar inte passiv form. Det finns inte heller n\u00e5gon ofelbar \u00e4ndelse som avsl\u00f6jar alla par. Den s\u00e4kraste metoden \u00e4r att l\u00e4ra sig varje verb med dess partikel, dess betydelse och en kort mening. Om du fortfarande bygger upp grunden, g\u00e5 igenom <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/verbgrupper-pa-japanska\/\">japanska verbgrupper<\/a> och guiden till <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/grundlaggande-partiklar-pa-japanska\/\">partiklarna \u306f, \u304c, \u3092, \u306b och \u3067<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Vad \u00e4r transitiva och intransitiva verb i japanska?<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08\u305f\u3069\u3046\u3057, tad\u014dshi\uff09<\/strong> \u00e4r det transitiva verbet. Det uttrycker en handling riktad mot ett objekt: n\u00e5gon \u00f6ppnar n\u00e5got, s\u00e4tter p\u00e5 n\u00e5got eller best\u00e4mmer n\u00e5got. Detta direkta objekt markeras vanligtvis med <strong>\u3092<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08\u3058\u3069\u3046\u3057, jid\u014dshi\uff09<\/strong> \u00e4r det intransitiva verbet. Det beskriver en h\u00e4ndelse, en f\u00f6r\u00e4ndring eller ett tillst\u00e5nd utan direkt objekt: n\u00e5got \u00f6ppnas, s\u00e4tts p\u00e5, faller eller blir best\u00e4mt. Elementet som genomg\u00e5r denna situation markeras vanligtvis med <strong>\u304c<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>Typ<\/th><th>Grundm\u00f6nster<\/th><th>Exempel<\/th><th>\u00d6vers\u00e4ttning<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Intransitiv<\/td><td>N \u304c + verb<\/td><td>\u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/td><td>D\u00f6rren \u00f6ppnas.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Transitiv<\/td><td>Person \u304c + N \u3092 + verb<\/td><td>\u5e97\u54e1\u304c\u30c9\u30a2\u3092\u958b\u3051\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/td><td>Expediten \u00f6ppnar d\u00f6rren.<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>Materialet <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/elementary01\/pdf\/Y_L12.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodori, fr\u00e5n Japan Foundation<\/a>, \u00e5teruppta denna opposition som <strong>N \u304c V<\/strong> f\u00f6r intransitiva verb och <strong>(person \u304c) N \u3092 V<\/strong> f\u00f6r transitiva verb. Denna formel \u00e4r en utm\u00e4rkt utg\u00e5ngspunkt, men b\u00f6r inte till\u00e4mpas mekaniskt.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Hur man k\u00e4nner igen varje typ utan att memorera en passiv \u00f6vers\u00e4ttning<\/h2>\n\n<p>St\u00e4ll tv\u00e5 fr\u00e5gor. F\u00f6rst: finns det n\u00e5gon eller n\u00e5got som verkar p\u00e5 ett objekt? Om ja, tenderar verbet att vara transitivt. F\u00f6r det andra: presenterar meningen bara n\u00e5got som h\u00e4nder eller \u00e4ndrar tillst\u00e5nd? I s\u00e5 fall tenderar verbet att vara intransitivt.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7a93\u304c\u9589\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u307e\u3069 \u304c \u3057\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<br \/><em>Mado ga shimari mashita.<\/em><br \/>F\u00f6nstret st\u00e4ngdes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5c71\u7530\u3055\u3093\u304c\u7a93\u3092\u9589\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u3084\u307e\u3060\u3055\u3093 \u304c \u307e\u3069 \u3092 \u3057\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<br \/><em>Yamada-san ga mado o shime mashita.<\/em><br \/>Yamada st\u00e4ngde f\u00f6nstret.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>\u00d6vers\u00e4tt inte automatiskt det intransitiva med \u201cvara + particip\u201d. <strong>\u7a93\u304c\u9589\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/strong> \u00e4r inte en passiv konstruktion: meningen informerar helt enkelt om att f\u00f6nstret st\u00e4ngdes. Den japanska passiva formen skulle kr\u00e4va en annan verbform och \u00e4ndra strukturen.<\/p>\n\n<p>Det \u00e4r ocks\u00e5 viktigt att komma ih\u00e5g att inte alla <strong>\u3092<\/strong> markerar direkt objekt. I <strong>\u30db\u30c6\u30eb\u3092\u51fa\u307e\u3059<\/strong> (\u201cl\u00e4mna hotellet\u201d) och <strong>\u9053\u3092\u6b69\u304d\u307e\u3059<\/strong> (\u201cg\u00e5 l\u00e4ngs gatan\u201d), \u3092 markerar utg\u00e5ngspunkt eller v\u00e4g. Verbet f\u00f6rblir intransitivt. Denna omsorg finns i <a href=\"https:\/\/md.jpf.go.jp\/userfiles\/file\/2018\/Lengua%20Japonesa\/Gramatica\/A2-B1-JP_rev.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">grammatikmaterialet A2\u2013B1 fr\u00e5n Japan Foundation Madrid<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Lista \u00f6ver transitiva och intransitiva verb p\u00e5 japanska<\/h2>\n\n<p>Tabellen samlar vanliga och anv\u00e4ndbara par. Den g\u00f6r inte anspr\u00e5k p\u00e5 att lista alla verb i spr\u00e5ket. Memorera varje rad som tv\u00e5 m\u00f6jliga meningar, observera <strong>\u304c<\/strong> med det intransitiva och <strong>\u3092<\/strong> med det transitiva.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>Intransitiv<\/th><th>Betydelse<\/th><th>Transitiv<\/th><th>Betydelse<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u958b\u304f\uff08\u3042\u304f\uff09<\/td><td>\u00f6ppna sig; f\u00f6rbli \u00f6ppen<\/td><td>\u958b\u3051\u308b\uff08\u3042\u3051\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>\u00f6ppna n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u9589\u307e\u308b\uff08\u3057\u307e\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>st\u00e4nga sig; f\u00f6rbli st\u00e4ngd<\/td><td>\u9589\u3081\u308b\uff08\u3057\u3081\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>st\u00e4nga n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3064\u304f<\/td><td>t\u00e4ndas; f\u00f6rbli p\u00e5<\/td><td>\u3064\u3051\u308b<\/td><td>t\u00e4nda eller s\u00e4tta p\u00e5 n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u6d88\u3048\u308b\uff08\u304d\u3048\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>slockna; f\u00f6rsvinna<\/td><td>\u6d88\u3059\uff08\u3051\u3059\uff09<\/td><td>sl\u00e4cka eller st\u00e4nga av n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u5165\u308b\uff08\u306f\u3044\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>g\u00e5 in; vara inneh\u00e5llen<\/td><td>\u5165\u308c\u308b\uff08\u3044\u308c\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>l\u00e4gga; s\u00e4tta in<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u51fa\u308b\uff08\u3067\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>g\u00e5 ut; dyka upp<\/td><td>\u51fa\u3059\uff08\u3060\u3059\uff09<\/td><td>p\u00f4r para fora; enviar<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u59cb\u307e\u308b\uff08\u306f\u3058\u307e\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>start<\/td><td>\u59cb\u3081\u308b\uff08\u306f\u3058\u3081\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>p\u00e5b\u00f6rja n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u7d42\u308f\u308b\uff08\u304a\u308f\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>avsluta<\/td><td>\u7d42\u3048\u308b\uff08\u304a\u3048\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>slutf\u00f6ra n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u6b62\u307e\u308b\uff08\u3068\u307e\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>stopp<\/td><td>\u6b62\u3081\u308b\uff08\u3068\u3081\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>stoppa n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u52d5\u304f\uff08\u3046\u3054\u304f\uff09<\/td><td>r\u00f6ra sig; fungera<\/td><td>\u52d5\u304b\u3059\uff08\u3046\u3054\u304b\u3059\uff09<\/td><td>flytta eller driva n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u5909\u308f\u308b\uff08\u304b\u308f\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>\u00e4ndras<\/td><td>\u5909\u3048\u308b\uff08\u304b\u3048\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>\u00e4ndra eller f\u00f6r\u00e4ndra n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u6c7a\u307e\u308b\uff08\u304d\u307e\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>bli best\u00e4md<\/td><td>\u6c7a\u3081\u308b\uff08\u304d\u3081\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>besluta n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u7d9a\u304f\uff08\u3064\u3065\u304f\uff09<\/td><td>forts\u00e4tta<\/td><td>\u7d9a\u3051\u308b\uff08\u3064\u3065\u3051\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>forts\u00e4tta n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u96c6\u307e\u308b\uff08\u3042\u3064\u307e\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>samlas<\/td><td>\u96c6\u3081\u308b\uff08\u3042\u3064\u3081\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>samla; samla in n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u898b\u3064\u304b\u308b\uff08\u307f\u3064\u304b\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>hittas; dyka upp<\/td><td>\u898b\u3064\u3051\u308b\uff08\u307f\u3064\u3051\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>hitta n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u58ca\u308c\u308b\uff08\u3053\u308f\u308c\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>g\u00e5 s\u00f6nder; sluta fungera<\/td><td>\u58ca\u3059\uff08\u3053\u308f\u3059\uff09<\/td><td>f\u00f6rst\u00f6ra n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u5272\u308c\u308b\uff08\u308f\u308c\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>spricka; g\u00e5 s\u00f6nder<\/td><td>\u5272\u308b\uff08\u308f\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>krossa eller dela n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u6298\u308c\u308b\uff08\u304a\u308c\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>brytas; b\u00f6jas<\/td><td>\u6298\u308b\uff08\u304a\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>bryta eller b\u00f6ja n\u00e5got<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u843d\u3061\u308b\uff08\u304a\u3061\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>falla<\/td><td>\u843d\u3068\u3059\uff08\u304a\u3068\u3059\uff09<\/td><td>derrubar; deixar cair<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u5c4a\u304f\uff08\u3068\u3069\u304f\uff09<\/td><td>chegar ao destino<\/td><td>\u5c4a\u3051\u308b\uff08\u3068\u3069\u3051\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>entregar algo<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u76f4\u308b\uff08\u306a\u304a\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>ser consertado; voltar ao normal<\/td><td>\u76f4\u3059\uff08\u306a\u304a\u3059\uff09<\/td><td>consertar ou corrigir algo<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u5897\u3048\u308b\uff08\u3075\u3048\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>aumentar em quantidade<\/td><td>\u5897\u3084\u3059\uff08\u3075\u3084\u3059\uff09<\/td><td>aumentar algo<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u6e1b\u308b\uff08\u3078\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>diminuir em quantidade<\/td><td>\u6e1b\u3089\u3059\uff08\u3078\u3089\u3059\uff09<\/td><td>reduzir algo<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u4e0a\u304c\u308b\uff08\u3042\u304c\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>subir; aumentar<\/td><td>\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\uff08\u3042\u3052\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>levantar; aumentar algo<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u4e0b\u304c\u308b\uff08\u3055\u304c\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>descer; diminuir<\/td><td>\u4e0b\u3052\u308b\uff08\u3055\u3052\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>abaixar; diminuir algo<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u51b7\u3048\u308b\uff08\u3072\u3048\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>esfriar; ficar frio<\/td><td>\u51b7\u3084\u3059\uff08\u3072\u3084\u3059\uff09<\/td><td>esfriar algo<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u6e29\u307e\u308b\uff08\u3042\u305f\u305f\u307e\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>aquecer-se; ficar quente<\/td><td>\u6e29\u3081\u308b\uff08\u3042\u305f\u305f\u3081\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>aquecer algo<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u6c5a\u308c\u308b\uff08\u3088\u3054\u308c\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>sujar-se; ficar sujo<\/td><td>\u6c5a\u3059\uff08\u3088\u3054\u3059\uff09<\/td><td>sujar algo<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u8d77\u304d\u308b\uff08\u304a\u304d\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>acordar; levantar-se<\/td><td>\u8d77\u3053\u3059\uff08\u304a\u3053\u3059\uff09<\/td><td>acordar algu\u00e9m; causar algo<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u80b2\u3064\uff08\u305d\u3060\u3064\uff09<\/td><td>crescer; desenvolver-se<\/td><td>\u80b2\u3066\u308b\uff08\u305d\u3060\u3066\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>criar; cultivar; desenvolver algo<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u713c\u3051\u308b\uff08\u3084\u3051\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>assar; grelhar at\u00e9 ficar pronto<\/td><td>\u713c\u304f\uff08\u3084\u304f\uff09<\/td><td>assar ou grelhar algo<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u716e\u3048\u308b\uff08\u306b\u3048\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>koka tills den \u00e4r klar<\/td><td>\u716e\u308b\uff08\u306b\u308b\uff09<\/td><td>koka n\u00e5got i v\u00e4tska<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpf.go.jp\/j\/project\/japanese\/teach\/tsushin\/language\/202412.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Japan Foundations spr\u00e5kliga analys av \u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e och \u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e<\/a> visar att det finns flera bildningsm\u00f6nster och \u00e4ven undantag. Ist\u00e4llet f\u00f6r att leta efter en enda regel, l\u00e4r dig verbet i en fullst\u00e4ndig struktur.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Exempel som visar perspektivf\u00f6r\u00e4ndringen<\/h2>\n\n<h3>D\u00f6rren \u00f6ppnades eller n\u00e5gon \u00f6ppnade d\u00f6rren<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>\u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u30c9\u30a2 \u304c \u3042\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<br \/><em>Doa ga aki mashita.<\/em><br \/>D\u00f6rren \u00f6ppnades.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u304c\u30c9\u30a2\u3092\u958b\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u305f\u306a\u304b\u3055\u3093 \u304c \u30c9\u30a2 \u3092 \u3042\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<br \/><em>Tanaka-san ga doa o ake mashita.<\/em><br \/>Tanaka \u00f6ppnade d\u00f6rren.<\/p>\n\n<h3>M\u00f6tet b\u00f6rjade eller n\u00e5gon b\u00f6rjade m\u00f6tet<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>\u4f1a\u8b70\u304c\u5341\u6642\u306b\u59cb\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u304b\u3044\u304e \u304c \u3058\u3085\u3046\u3058 \u306b \u306f\u3058\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/><em>Kaigi ga j\u016bji ni hajimari masu.<\/em><br \/>M\u00f6tet b\u00f6rjar klockan tio.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u90e8\u9577\u304c\u4f1a\u8b70\u3092\u59cb\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u3076\u3061\u3087\u3046 \u304c \u304b\u3044\u304e \u3092 \u306f\u3058\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/><em>Buch\u014d ga kaigi o hajime masu.<\/em><br \/>Chefen startar m\u00f6tet.<\/p>\n\n<h3>M\u00e4ngden \u00f6kade eller n\u00e5gon \u00f6kade m\u00e4ngden<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>\u5b66\u751f\u304c\u5897\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u304c\u304f\u305b\u3044 \u304c \u3075\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<br \/><em>Gakusei ga fue mashita.<\/em><br \/>O n\u00famero de estudantes aumentou.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u5b66\u6821\u304c\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u306e\u6570\u3092\u5897\u3084\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u304c\u3063\u3053\u3046 \u304c \u30af\u30e9\u30b9 \u306e \u304b\u305a \u3092 \u3075\u3084\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<br \/><em>Gakk\u014d ga kurasu no kazu o fuyashi mashita.<\/em><br \/>A escola aumentou o n\u00famero de turmas.<\/p>\n\n<p>Observe que o portugu\u00eas \u00e0s vezes usa o mesmo verbo nas duas frases. Em japon\u00eas, a escolha do par explicita se o falante apresenta o acontecimento ou a a\u00e7\u00e3o de algu\u00e9m sobre alguma coisa. Essa distin\u00e7\u00e3o ajuda a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/hur-man-bildar-meningar-pa-japanska\/\">att bilda meningar p\u00e5 japanska<\/a> com mais precis\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Verbos intransitivos com \u3066\u3044\u308b e transitivos com \u3066\u3042\u308b<\/h2>\n\n<p>Os pares tamb\u00e9m aparecem ao descrever estados. Com um intransitivo na <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/te-form-av-japanska-verb\/\">\u3066-formen<\/a> seguido de <strong>\u3044\u308b<\/strong>, a frase apresenta o estado observado. Com um transitivo seguido de <strong>\u3042\u308b<\/strong>, ela pode destacar que o estado resulta de uma a\u00e7\u00e3o intencional.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/>A porta est\u00e1 aberta. O estado \u00e9 apresentado sem indicar quem abriu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u3051\u3066\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/>A porta foi deixada aberta. H\u00e1 a ideia de que algu\u00e9m a abriu com uma finalidade.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>O contraste entre <strong>\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e + \u3066\u3044\u308b<\/strong> e <strong>\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e + \u3066\u3042\u308b<\/strong> \u00e9 explicado no <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/elementary02\/pdf\/Z_L13.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodori Elementar 2, li\u00e7\u00e3o 13<\/a>. N\u00e3o confunda esse uso de \u3066\u3042\u308b com uma tradu\u00e7\u00e3o passiva autom\u00e1tica.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Nem todo par parecido \u00e9 um par transitivo\u2013intransitivo<\/h2>\n\n<p>Algumas associa\u00e7\u00f5es comuns geram erros. <strong>\u5206\u304b\u308b<\/strong> (\u201centender\u201d) e <strong>\u5206\u304b\u308c\u308b<\/strong> (\u201cdividir-se; separar-se\u201d) n\u00e3o formam um par com o mesmo sentido. <strong>\u898b\u308b<\/strong> (\u201cver; olhar\u201d) e <strong>\u898b\u3048\u308b<\/strong> (\u201cser vis\u00edvel; conseguir ver naturalmente\u201d) tamb\u00e9m n\u00e3o devem ser tratados apenas como \u201cver\u201d e \u201cser visto\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<p>O mesmo cuidado vale para <strong>\u805e\u304f<\/strong> e <strong>\u805e\u3053\u3048\u308b<\/strong>. O primeiro pode significar ouvir deliberadamente ou perguntar; o segundo indica que algo \u00e9 aud\u00edvel. J\u00e1 <strong>\u58f2\u308c\u308b<\/strong> pode significar \u201cvender bem\u201d ou \u201cser vend\u00e1vel\u201d, e n\u00e3o corresponde simplesmente \u00e0 passiva de <strong>\u58f2\u308b<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>H\u00e1 ainda verbos sem um parceiro regular. <strong>\u8d70\u308b<\/strong> (\u201ccorrer\u201d) \u00e9 intransitivo; <strong>\u8d70\u3089\u305b\u308b<\/strong> \u00e9 sua forma causativa, \u201cfazer correr\u201d, n\u00e3o um verbo transitivo emparelhado pelo mesmo processo dos pares da tabela. Se precisar revisar essa diferen\u00e7a, consulte tamb\u00e9m a <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/potentiell-form-av-japanska-verb\/\">forma potencial dos verbos<\/a>, que n\u00e3o deve ser confundida com intransitividade.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Como memorizar os pares com mais seguran\u00e7a<\/h2>\n\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Aprenda a part\u00edcula junto.<\/strong> Registre \u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u304f e \u30c9\u30a2\u3092\u958b\u3051\u308b, n\u00e3o apenas \u958b\u304f e \u958b\u3051\u308b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Use uma cena para os dois verbos.<\/strong> Imagine a luz acendendo e depois algu\u00e9m acendendo a luz: \u96fb\u6c17\u304c\u3064\u304f \/ \u96fb\u6c17\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Compare frases curtas.<\/strong> A oposi\u00e7\u00e3o fica mais clara quando sujeito, objeto e part\u00edcula aparecem.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Evite regras de termina\u00e7\u00e3o absolutas.<\/strong> Elas funcionam como pistas, mas t\u00eam exce\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Confirme no dicion\u00e1rio.<\/strong> Procure as indica\u00e7\u00f5es \u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e e \u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e e verifique a estrutura do exemplo.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>Esse m\u00e9todo se encaixa no estudo de <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/grundlaggande-japansk-grammatik\/\">japansk grammatik f\u00f6r nyb\u00f6rjare<\/a>: primeiro reconhe\u00e7a a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre as palavras e depois amplie o vocabul\u00e1rio.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Exerc\u00edcios<\/h2>\n\n<p>Escolha o verbo que completa cada frase.<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u30c9\u30a2\u304c\uff08\u958b\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f \/ \u958b\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u79c1\u304c\u7a93\u3092\uff08\u9589\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f \/ \u9589\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u96fb\u6c17\u304c\uff08\u3064\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f \/ \u3064\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u59b9\u304c\u90e8\u5c4b\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u3092\uff08\u6d88\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f \/ \u6d88\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f1a\u8b70\u304c\u5341\u6642\u306b\uff08\u59cb\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059 \/ \u59cb\u3081\u307e\u3059\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5148\u751f\u304c\u6388\u696d\u3092\uff08\u59cb\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059 \/ \u59cb\u3081\u307e\u3059\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details><summary><strong>Ver respostas explicadas<\/strong><\/summary>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u958b\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/strong>: \u30c9\u30a2 \u00e9 o elemento que abriu e recebe \u304c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9589\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/strong>: \u79c1 age sobre \u7a93, marcado por \u3092.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u3064\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/strong>: a luz acendeu; n\u00e3o h\u00e1 objeto direto.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6d88\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/strong>: a irm\u00e3 desligou a luz, que recebe \u3092.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u59cb\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/strong>: a reuni\u00e3o \u00e9 apresentada como o evento que come\u00e7a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u59cb\u3081\u307e\u3059<\/strong>: o professor inicia a aula, marcada por \u3092.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n\n<h2>Sammanfattning<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e<\/strong> descreve algo acontecendo ou mudando de estado, geralmente em N \u304c V.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e<\/strong> descreve algu\u00e9m agindo sobre um objeto, geralmente em pessoa \u304c + N \u3092 V.<\/li>\n<li>Intransitivo n\u00e3o \u00e9 sin\u00f4nimo de passivo.<\/li>\n<li>O uso de \u3092 n\u00e3o basta sozinho para classificar o verbo.<\/li>\n<li>Os pares devem ser aprendidos com part\u00edcula, sentido e exemplo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Depois de dominar essa oposi\u00e7\u00e3o, voc\u00ea perceber\u00e1 com mais facilidade por que o japon\u00eas escolhe verbos diferentes para \u201calgo mudou\u201d e \u201calgu\u00e9m mudou algo\u201d. Continue praticando com os <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/konjugering-av-verb-i-japanska\/\">verbos na forma simples<\/a> e transforme cada par da tabela em duas frases pr\u00f3prias.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-0592b58decb6c\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Vad \u00e4r ett intransitivt verb p\u00e5 japanska?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Det \u00e4r ett verb som presenterar en h\u00e4ndelse, ett tillst\u00e5nd eller en f\u00f6r\u00e4ndring utan direkt objekt. I grundl\u00e4ggande meningar markeras vanligtvis elementet som genomg\u00e5r situationen med \u304c, som i \u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u304d\u307e\u3059, \u201cd\u00f6rren \u00f6ppnas\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-7f9c8b70d615c\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Vad \u00e4r ett transitivt verb p\u00e5 japanska?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Det \u00e4r ett verb som uttrycker handlingen av n\u00e5gon eller n\u00e5got p\u00e5 ett objekt. Det direkta objektet brukar f\u00e5 \u3092, som i \u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u304c\u30c9\u30a2\u3092\u958b\u3051\u307e\u3059, \u201cTanaka \u00f6ppnar d\u00f6rren\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-6c50d8a0f4fd8\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u00c4r ett intransitivt verb detsamma som passiv r\u00f6st?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Nej. Ett intransitivt verb beskriver n\u00e5got som h\u00e4nder eller \u00e4ndrar tillst\u00e5nd utan direkt objekt. Passiv form \u00e4r en egen konjugation och etablerar en annan relation mellan satsens deltagare.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-5a45d8d03e1f0\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u00c4r alla verb som \u00e5tf\u00f6ljs av \u3092 transitiva?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Nej. \u3092 kan ocks\u00e5 markera v\u00e4g eller utg\u00e5ngspunkt, som i \u9053\u3092\u6b69\u304d\u307e\u3059, \u201cg\u00e5 l\u00e4ngs gatan\u201d, och \u30db\u30c6\u30eb\u3092\u51fa\u307e\u3059, \u201cl\u00e4mna hotellet\u201d. I dessa fall \u00e4r verben intransitiva.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-d34238cea2e12\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hur memorerar man transitiva och intransitiva par?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>L\u00e4r dig varje verb i en kort mening, tillsammans med dess partikel: \u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u304f f\u00f6r \u201cd\u00f6rren \u00f6ppnas\u201d och \u30c9\u30a2\u3092\u958b\u3051\u308b f\u00f6r \u201c\u00f6ppna d\u00f6rren\u201d. Att j\u00e4mf\u00f6ra de tv\u00e5 perspektiven \u00e4r s\u00e4krare \u00e4n att bara memorera \u00f6vers\u00e4ttningar.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-36418fc0e63a4\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Vad \u00e4r skillnaden mellan \u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e + \u3066\u3044\u308b och \u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e + \u3066\u3042\u308b?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e + \u3066\u3044\u308b brukar visa ett observerat tillst\u00e5nd, som \u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059. \u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e + \u3066\u3042\u308b kan indikera att tillst\u00e5ndet \u00e4r resultatet av en avsiktlig handling, som \u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u3051\u3066\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>F\u00f6rst\u00e5 skillnaden mellan transitiva och intransitiva verb p\u00e5 japanska, se par med \u304c och \u3092, exempel, \u00f6vningar och vanliga misstag.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":2174,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,73,60],"tags":[71,2,3],"class_list":["post-2172","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-verbos-em-japones","category-vocabulario-japones","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2172","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2172"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2172\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4442,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2172\/revisions\/4442"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2174"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2172"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2172"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2172"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}