{"id":2447,"date":"2010-10-11T09:00:37","date_gmt":"2010-10-11T12:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2447"},"modified":"2026-08-09T02:19:16","modified_gmt":"2026-08-09T05:19:16","slug":"%d1%8f%d0%ba-%d0%b1%d1%83%d0%b4%d1%83%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b8-%d1%80%d0%b5%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%bd%d1%8f-%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d1%8c%d0%ba%d0%be%d1%8e-%d0%bc%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%be%d1%8e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/como-formar-frases-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"\u042f\u043a \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e: \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0429\u043e\u0431 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u044e, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0442\u044c \u0437 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0449\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0456 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e. \u0417\u0430\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443, \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0456 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0443 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u0456.<\/p>\n<p>\u0426\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443. \u0412\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0437 \u0434\u0456\u0454\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0437\u0430 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0443\u0454 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0456\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441, \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435, \u043e\u0431'\u0454\u043a\u0442 \u0456 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457.<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2450\" src=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/10\/formar-frases-em-japones.gif\" alt=\"\u042f\u043a \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e\" width=\"175\" height=\"135\" \/>\n<h2>\u0413\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u044f: \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043a\u0430<\/h2>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u044f\u0454, \u0449\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0449\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u0423 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0437\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0457\u0442\u044c \u0443 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u0456 \u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0456\u0454\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044e. \u0426\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0435, \u043d\u0456\u0436 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043c'\u044f\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0433\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0436\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p>\u0417\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0443, \u044f\u043a \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430:<\/p>\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><em>Tabemasu.<\/em><br \/>(\u042f) \u0457\u043c \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044f \u0457\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u30d1\u30f3\u3092\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><em>Pan o tabemasu.<\/em><br \/>(\u042f) \u0457\u043c \u0445\u043b\u0456\u0431.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u671d\u3001\u5bb6\u3067\u30d1\u30f3\u3092\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><em>Asa, ie de pan o tabemasu.<\/em><br \/>\u0412\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0456 \u044f \u0457\u043c \u0445\u043b\u0456\u0431 \u0432\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0414\u0456\u0454\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059<\/span> \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0448\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u0456. <span lang=\"ja\">\u30d1\u30f3\u3092<\/span> \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u043e\u0431'\u0454\u043a\u0442 \u0434\u0456\u0457, <span lang=\"ja\">\u5bb6\u3067<\/span> \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0454, \u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0456\u044f, \u0430 <span lang=\"ja\">\u671d<\/span> \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0454 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432'\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0443. \u0417\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u0437'\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0449\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0445\u0442\u043e \u0457\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<h2>\u042f\u043a \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0437\u0430 \u043f'\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0412\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/strong> \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438: \u0434\u0456\u044e, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d, \u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e \u0447\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043a.<\/strong> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0456\u0454\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0456\u0434\u0435\u044e.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0414\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438.<\/strong> \u0412\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0456\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431'\u0454\u043a\u0442, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0456\u044e \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0432'\u044f\u0437\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u043e\u044e.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0420\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0449\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043e\u043c.<\/strong> \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0456 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0439\u0434\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0434\u043e \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044f\u043d\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440.<\/strong> \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e, \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u0448\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0432\u0456\u0447\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0449\u0435 \u0437\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e, \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d1%8c%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%80%d1%8f%d0%b4%d0%be%d0%ba-%d1%81%d0%bb%d1%96%d0%b2\/\">\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0432 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0456<\/a>. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0454 SOV, \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0433\u043d\u0443\u0447\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0422\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c<\/h2>\n<p>\u0412\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0456\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u0456\u0454\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u041f\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0442\u044c \u0437 \u0442\u0440\u044c\u043e\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>\u0422\u0438\u043f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043a\u0430<\/th><th>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/th><th>\u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u0406\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u042f \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442.<\/span><br \/><em>\u042f \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442.<\/em><\/td><td>\u042f \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u672c\u306f\u9762\u767d\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>\u0426\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0446\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0430.<\/em><\/td><td>\u0426\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0446\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0430.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u0414\u0456\u0454\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6bce\u65e5\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>\u0429\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u044f \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0447\u0430\u044e \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0443.<\/em><\/td><td>\u042f \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0447\u0430\u044e \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0449\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f.<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0423 <span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3067\u3059<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0432\u0456\u0447\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c. \u0426\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454, \u0449\u043e \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0434\u0456\u0454\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438. \u0429\u043e\u0431 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u201c\u044f\u043a\u201d \u0443 \u0432\u0432\u0456\u0447\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456, \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059<\/span>, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u308b\u3067\u3059<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0429\u043e\u0431 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0456, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044f\u043d\u044c\u0442\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/%d1%96%d0%bc%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%b8-%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d1%8c%d0%ba%d0%be%d1%8e-%d0%bc%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%be%d1%8e\/\">\u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e<\/a> e os <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%bf%d0%b8-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%82%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%ba%d1%96%d0%b2-%d0%b2-%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d1%8c%d0%ba%d1%96%d0%b9-%d0%bc%d0%be%d0%b2%d1%96\/\">tipos de adjetivos japoneses<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Use as part\u00edculas como etiquetas de fun\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h2>\n<p>As part\u00edculas aparecem depois de uma palavra ou grupo e indicam como esse grupo participa da mensagem. Elas n\u00e3o correspondem sempre a uma \u00fanica preposi\u00e7\u00e3o do portugu\u00eas; a escolha depende da fun\u00e7\u00e3o na frase.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u306f<\/span> (<em>\u0432\u0430<\/em>):<\/strong> apresenta o t\u00f3pico sobre o qual ser\u00e1 feito um coment\u00e1rio.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u304c<\/span> (<em>\u0413\u0430!<\/em>):<\/strong> marca o sujeito gramatical em diferentes estruturas e pode destacar quem ou o que est\u00e1 envolvido.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3092<\/span> (<em>o<\/em>):<\/strong> marca, entre outras fun\u00e7\u00f5es, o objeto direto de uma a\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u306b<\/span> (<em>\u043d\u0456<\/em>):<\/strong> pode marcar destino, ponto no tempo, exist\u00eancia ou alvo, conforme o predicado.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u3067<\/span> (<em>\u0432\u0456\u0434<\/em>):<\/strong> pode indicar o local onde uma a\u00e7\u00e3o ocorre ou o meio usado.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Em vez de escolher a part\u00edcula pela tradu\u00e7\u00e3o isolada, identifique a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre o grupo e o predicado. O guia de <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/%d0%be%d1%81%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%bd%d1%96-%d1%87%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%b8-%d0%b2-%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d1%8c%d0%ba%d1%96%d0%b9-%d0%bc%d0%be%d0%b2%d1%96\/\">\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e<\/a> apresenta os usos fundamentais com mais exemplos.<\/p>\n<h2>Do portugu\u00eas para uma frase japonesa natural<\/h2>\n<p>Considere a mensagem \u201cEu estudo japon\u00eas na biblioteca todos os s\u00e1bados\u201d. Primeiro, separe a informa\u00e7\u00e3o em grupos:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>tempo: todos os s\u00e1bados;<\/li>\n<li>lugar da a\u00e7\u00e3o: na biblioteca;<\/li>\n<li>objeto de estudo: japon\u00eas;<\/li>\n<li>predicado: estudar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Uma frase poss\u00edvel \u00e9:<\/p>\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u6bce\u9031\u571f\u66dc\u65e5\u3001\u56f3\u66f8\u9928\u3067\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><em>Maish\u016b doy\u014dbi, toshokan de nihongo o benky\u014d shimasu.<\/em><br \/>Estudo japon\u00eas na biblioteca todos os s\u00e1bados.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e3o foi necess\u00e1rio traduzir \u201ceu\u201d. Se a pessoa que fala j\u00e1 \u00e9 conhecida, omitir <span lang=\"ja\">\u79c1<\/span> torna a frase mais econ\u00f4mica e natural. Tamb\u00e9m n\u00e3o existe uma part\u00edcula obrigat\u00f3ria depois de toda express\u00e3o de tempo: <span lang=\"ja\">\u6bce\u9031\u571f\u66dc\u65e5<\/span> funciona diretamente como refer\u00eancia temporal neste exemplo.<\/p>\n<p>O NINJAL descreve o japon\u00eas como uma l\u00edngua de ordem b\u00e1sica SOV e mostra que elementos modificadores tendem a preceder o termo principal. Essa classifica\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 uma base de an\u00e1lise, n\u00e3o um molde que obrigue toda frase a conter sujeito e objeto expl\u00edcitos. Veja a <a href=\"https:\/\/kotoba.ninjal.ac.jp\/qa\/yokuaru\/qa-224\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">explica\u00e7\u00e3o institucional sobre a ordem b\u00e1sica do japon\u00eas<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Como criar perguntas e frases negativas<\/h2>\n<p>No registro polido inicial, muitas perguntas podem ser formadas acrescentando <span lang=\"ja\">\u304b<\/span> ao final:<\/p>\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u6f2b\u753b\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><em>Manga o yomimasu ka.<\/em><br \/>Voc\u00ea l\u00ea mang\u00e1?<\/p>\n<p>O interlocutor costuma ser omitido quando est\u00e1 claro. Por isso, n\u00e3o \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio come\u00e7ar mecanicamente com uma palavra equivalente a \u201cvoc\u00ea\u201d. O artigo sobre <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/%d1%8f%d0%ba-%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8-%d0%b7%d0%b0%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%bd%d1%8f-%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d1%8c%d0%ba%d0%be%d1%8e-%d0%bc%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%be%d1%8e\/\">\u044f\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e<\/a> mostra outras formas interrogativas.<\/p>\n<p>Para negar uma a\u00e7\u00e3o no mesmo registro, altere a forma do verbo:<\/p>\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc\u3092\u98f2\u307f\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><em>Ky\u014d wa k\u014dh\u012b o nomimasen.<\/em><br \/>Hoje n\u00e3o vou tomar caf\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Com substantivos, uma op\u00e7\u00e3o polida frequente \u00e9 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span>:<\/p>\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b66\u751f\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><em>Gakusei ja nai desu.<\/em><br \/>N\u00e3o sou estudante.<\/p>\n<h2>Erros comuns ao montar frases<\/h2>\n<h3>Traduzir palavra por palavra<\/h3>\n<p>A ordem e as fun\u00e7\u00f5es n\u00e3o coincidem termo a termo com o portugu\u00eas. Traduza primeiro a inten\u00e7\u00e3o e depois reconstrua a mensagem com padr\u00f5es japoneses.<\/p>\n<h3>Repetir pronomes em todas as frases<\/h3>\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u79c1<\/span> e outras refer\u00eancias podem ser omitidas quando o contexto j\u00e1 identifica a pessoa. Repeti-las sem necessidade pode deixar a fala pesada.<\/p>\n<h3>Escolher part\u00edculas por uma equival\u00eancia fixa<\/h3>\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u306b<\/span> n\u00e3o significa sempre \u201cem\u201d, assim como <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067<\/span> n\u00e3o possui uma \u00fanica tradu\u00e7\u00e3o. Observe o predicado e a fun\u00e7\u00e3o do grupo.<\/p>\n<h3>Misturar registros<\/h3>\n<p>Formas como <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059<\/span> pertencem ao registro polido; <span lang=\"ja\">\u98df\u3079\u308b<\/span> \u00e9 a forma simples. Para uma primeira frase coerente, escolha um registro e mantenha-o.<\/p>\n<h3>Tentar construir mensagens longas cedo demais<\/h3>\n<p>Comece com um n\u00facleo correto e acrescente um grupo por vez. \u00c9 mais f\u00e1cil revisar <span lang=\"ja\">\u672c\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u307e\u3059<\/span> antes de incluir quando, onde, com quem e por qu\u00ea.<\/p>\n<h2>Exerc\u00edcio: monte a frase por grupos<\/h2>\n<p>Organize cada mensagem e depois compare com uma resposta poss\u00edvel.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Amanh\u00e3 vou estudar em casa.<\/li>\n<li>Yuki come sushi no restaurante.<\/li>\n<li>Voc\u00ea l\u00ea mang\u00e1?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Respostas<\/h3>\n<p><strong>1. <span lang=\"ja\">\u660e\u65e5\u3001\u5bb6\u3067\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><em>Ashita, ie de benky\u014d shimasu.<\/em><br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u660e\u65e5<\/span> indica tempo, <span lang=\"ja\">\u5bb6\u3067<\/span> marca o lugar da a\u00e7\u00e3o e <span lang=\"ja\">\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u307e\u3059<\/span> \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0443\u0454 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. <span lang=\"ja\">\u3086\u304d\u3055\u3093\u306f\u30ec\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u3067\u5bff\u53f8\u3092\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><em>Yuki-san wa resutoran de sushi o tabemasu.<\/em><br \/><span lang=\"ja\">\u3086\u304d\u3055\u3093\u306f<\/span> apresenta o t\u00f3pico, <span lang=\"ja\">\u30ec\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u3067<\/span> indica o local da a\u00e7\u00e3o e <span lang=\"ja\">\u5bff\u53f8\u3092<\/span> marca o objeto.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. <span lang=\"ja\">\u6f2b\u753b\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/><em>Manga o yomimasu ka.<\/em><br \/>O interlocutor \u00e9 recuperado pelo contexto, e <span lang=\"ja\">\u304b<\/span> transforma a frase polida em pergunta.<\/p>\n<h2>Como praticar sem depender da tradu\u00e7\u00e3o literal<\/h2>\n<p>Escolha um padr\u00e3o curto e substitua apenas um elemento por vez: <span lang=\"ja\">\u6c34\u3092\u98f2\u307f\u307e\u3059<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u304a\u8336\u3092\u98f2\u307f\u307e\u3059<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc\u3092\u98f2\u307f\u307e\u3059<\/span>. Depois, acrescente tempo ou lugar. Esse treino ajuda a associar grupos inteiros a uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o comunicativa.<\/p>\n<p>\u0410 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/Grammar_all.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notas gramaticais do Irodori, da Japan Foundation<\/a>, apresentam padr\u00f5es dentro de situa\u00e7\u00f5es de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o e confirmam que part\u00edculas indicam rela\u00e7\u00f5es entre os elementos da frase. O projeto tamb\u00e9m disponibiliza uma <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/en\/resources.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lista institucional de padr\u00f5es de frases e exerc\u00edcios<\/a> para estudo adicional.<\/p>\n<h2>Pr\u00f3ximo passo: produza frases curtas e verific\u00e1veis<\/h2>\n<p>Comece com predicados que voc\u00ea j\u00e1 conhece, acrescente um ou dois grupos e compare sua frase com exemplos confi\u00e1veis. Para organizar o estudo, use o <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/%d0%ba%d1%83%d1%80%d1%81-japones-gratis-study-guide\/\">guia do curso de japon\u00eas gr\u00e1tis<\/a> e retome os <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/%d0%b1%d0%b0%d0%b7%d0%be%d0%b2%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%bc%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%ba%d1%83-%d1%8f%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d1%8c%d0%ba%d0%be%d1%97-%d0%bc%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b8\/\">\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/a> sempre que precisar revisar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o de cada elemento.<\/p>\n<h2>Perguntas frequentes sobre como formar frases em japon\u00eas<\/h2>\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-435109c75c9d9\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u042f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u042f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0437 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043c SOV, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u2014 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0443 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u0456. \u041f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0443, \u043e\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0457\u0445\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-7e0bf4f3df141\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u0427\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0454 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u041d\u0456. \u041f\u0456\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442, \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0456 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0456, \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0437 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438. \u0420\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0449\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043a\u0430, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0456.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-24f6d0360195d\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u041a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u044f \u043c\u0430\u044e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 desu \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u041d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u3067\u3059 \u0437'\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0432\u0432\u0456\u0447\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u0445 \u0437 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f\u0445 \u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0419\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0456\u0454\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0456: \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u98df\u3079\u308b, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u98df\u3079\u308b\u3067\u3059.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-10002cca838fd\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u042f\u043a \u0434\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0443 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u0412\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043e\u044e \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043c: \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430, \u0441\u0443\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442, \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442, \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435 \u0434\u0456\u0457, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434. \u0423\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0444\u0456\u043a\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-8988059df32be\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u042f\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043c'\u044f\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u043d\u044e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437. \u041f\u043e\u0442\u0456\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441, \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043e\u0431'\u0454\u043a\u0442, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0436\u0434\u0438 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u043e\u044e.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043a\u0430, \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0443 \u0437 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0456\u0432.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":85,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[60,1],"tags":[71,2,3],"class_list":["post-2447","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vocabulario-japones","category-japones","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2447","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2447"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2447\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4399,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2447\/revisions\/4399"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/85"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2447"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2447"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2447"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}