{"id":1751,"date":"2009-11-03T05:37:49","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T07:37:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=1751"},"modified":"2026-08-11T16:49:38","modified_gmt":"2026-08-11T19:49:38","slug":"cach-noi-than-mat-cua-dong-tu-trong-tieng-nhat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/modo-informal-dos-verbos-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt: hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A <strong>d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb trong ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt<\/strong> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chia duy nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p: kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng-qu\u00e1-kh\u1ee9, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. D\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng-qu\u00e1-kh\u1ee9, nh\u01b0 <strong>Vi\u1ebft<\/strong> (vi\u1ebft) v\u00e0 <strong>\u0102n<\/strong> (\u0103n).<\/p>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf cu\u1ed1i c\u00e1c c\u00e2u n\u00f3i th\u00e2n m\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e2u l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u201cd\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean g\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 coi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cl\u1ed1i n\u00f3i th\u00e2n m\u1eadt\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<h2>B\u1ed1n d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng<\/h2>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/th><th>Nh\u00f3m 1<\/th><th>Nh\u00f3m 2<\/th><th>l\u00e0m<\/th><th>S\u1eafp t\u1edbi<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Kh\u00f4ng-qu\u00e1-kh\u1ee9 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft<\/td><td>\u0102n<\/td><td>l\u00e0m<\/td><td>\u6765\u308b\uff08\u304f\u308b\uff09<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Kh\u00f4ng-qu\u00e1-kh\u1ee9 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u3057\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u6765\u306a\u3044\uff08\u3053\u306a\u3044\uff09<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u66f8\u3044\u305f<\/td><td>\u0111\u00e3 \u0103n<\/td><td>\u3057\u305f<\/td><td>\u6765\u305f\uff08\u304d\u305f\uff09<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/td><td>\u98df\u3079\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/td><td>\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/td><td>\u6765\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff08\u3053\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff09<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>O <a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/reference\/001.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">b\u1ea3ng c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Marugoto<\/a>, c\u1ee7a Japan Foundation, s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1ed1n t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0 <strong>\u3042\u308b \u2192 \u306a\u3044<\/strong> e <strong>\u884c\u304f \u2192 \u884c\u3063\u305f<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>D\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean th\u1ec3<\/h2>\n\n<p>D\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tra c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng \u201cnguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y\u201d c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean th\u1ec3 trong ti\u1ebfng B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha. Trong ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt, ch\u00ednh d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb ng\u1eef v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u1edf <strong>th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 th\u00f3i quen, ch\u00e2n l\u00fd chung, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, t\u00f9y theo \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6bce\u65e5\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u307e\u3044\u306b\u3061\u3001\u306b\u307b\u3093\u3054\u3092\u3079\u3093\u304d\u3087\u3046\u3059\u308b\u3002<br \/><em>Mainichi, Nihongo o benky\u014d suru.<\/em><br \/>T\u00f4i h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u660e\u65e5\u3001\u53cb\u9054\u306b\u4f1a\u3046\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u3042\u3057\u305f\u3001\u3068\u3082\u3060\u3061\u306b\u3042\u3046\u3002<br \/><em>Ashita, tomodachi ni au.<\/em><br \/>T\u00f4i s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y mai.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, g\u1ecdi <strong>Vi\u1ebft<\/strong> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201chi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i\u201d s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng. Ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9; c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 <strong>\u6bce\u65e5<\/strong> e <strong>\u660e\u65e5<\/strong> gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb<\/h2>\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m. N\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n g\u00e2y nghi ng\u1edd, h\u00e3y \u00f4n l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/cac-nhom-dong-tu-trong-tieng-nhat\/\">\u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb godan, ichidan v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t quy t\u1eafc<\/a> tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nh\u00f3m 1, hay godan:<\/strong> \u00e2m cu\u1ed1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0 trong \u66f8\u304f, \u8aad\u3080 v\u00e0 \u5e30\u308b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nh\u00f3m 2, hay ichidan:<\/strong> \u0111u\u00f4i \u308b \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u \u0111u\u00f4i t\u1eeb, nh\u01b0 trong \u898b\u308b v\u00e0 \u98df\u3079\u308b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nh\u00f3m 3:<\/strong> bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a \u3059\u308b v\u00e0 \u6765\u308b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng <em>-iru<\/em> ho\u1eb7c <em>-eru<\/em> \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c Nh\u00f3m 2. <strong>V\u1ec1 nh\u00e0<\/strong>, <strong>\u8d70\u308b<\/strong>, <strong>\u5207\u308b<\/strong> e <strong>\u8981\u308b<\/strong>, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, thu\u1ed9c Nh\u00f3m 1.<\/p>\n\n<h2>C\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/h2>\n\n<h3>Nh\u00f3m 1: \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e2m ti\u1ebft cu\u1ed1i sang h\u00e0ng a<\/h3>\n\n<p>Trong \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb godan, \u00e2m ti\u1ebft cu\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec3n sang \u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u00e2m <em>a<\/em> v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn <strong>\u306a\u3044<\/strong>. \u0110u\u00f4i <strong>\u3046<\/strong> l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh <strong>\u308f<\/strong>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u3042.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>\u0110u\u00f4i<\/th><th>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/th><th>V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u3046<\/td><td>\u308f\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u8cb7\u3046 \u2192 \u8cb7\u308f\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u304f<\/td><td>\u304b\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u66f8\u304f \u2192 \u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3050<\/td><td>\u304c\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u6cf3\u3050 \u2192 \u6cf3\u304c\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3059<\/td><td>\u3055\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u8a71\u3059 \u2192 \u8a71\u3055\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3064<\/td><td>\u305f\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u5f85\u3064 \u2192 \u5f85\u305f\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u306c\u30fb\u3076\u30fb\u3080<\/td><td>\u306a\u306a\u3044\u30fb\u3070\u306a\u3044\u30fb\u307e\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u6b7b\u306c \u2192 \u6b7b\u306a\u306a\u3044; \u8aad\u3080 \u2192 \u8aad\u307e\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u308b<\/td><td>\u3089\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u5e30\u308b \u2192 \u5e30\u3089\u306a\u3044<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p><strong>\u3042\u308b<\/strong> \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 <strong>\u306a\u3044<\/strong>, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i <span aria-label=\"d\u1ea1ng sai\">\u3042\u3089\u306a\u3044<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Nh\u00f3m 2 v\u00e0 3<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u1ede Nh\u00f3m 2, b\u1ecf <strong>\u308b<\/strong> v\u00e0 th\u00eam <strong>\u306a\u3044<\/strong>: <strong>\u898b\u308b \u2192 \u898b\u306a\u3044<\/strong> e <strong>\u98df\u3079\u308b \u2192 \u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044<\/strong>. \u1ede Nh\u00f3m 3, h\u00e3y ghi nh\u1edb hai m\u1eabu ch\u00ednh: <strong>\u3059\u308b \u2192 \u3057\u306a\u3044<\/strong> e <strong>\u6765\u308b \u2192 \u6765\u306a\u3044\uff08\u3053\u306a\u3044\uff09<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>C\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h2>\n\n<p>Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00f3m 1 tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u00e2m thanh gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 d\u1ea1ng \u3066. <a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/reference\/002.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c chia \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb Marugoto<\/a> cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n, \u3066, \u305f v\u00e0 \u306a\u3044 c\u1ea1nh nhau.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Cu\u1ed1i Nh\u00f3m 1<\/th><th>Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/th><th>V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u3046\u30fb\u3064\u30fb\u308b<\/td><td>\u3063\u305f<\/td><td>\u8cb7\u3046 \u2192 \u8cb7\u3063\u305f; \u5f85\u3064 \u2192 \u5f85\u3063\u305f; \u5e30\u308b \u2192 \u5e30\u3063\u305f<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3080\u30fb\u3076\u30fb\u306c<\/td><td>\u3093\u3060<\/td><td>\u8aad\u3080 \u2192 \u8aad\u3093\u3060; \u904a\u3076 \u2192 \u904a\u3093\u3060; \u6b7b\u306c \u2192 \u6b7b\u3093\u3060<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u304f<\/td><td>\u3044\u305f<\/td><td>\u66f8\u304f \u2192 \u66f8\u3044\u305f<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3050<\/td><td>\u3044\u3060<\/td><td>\u6cf3\u3050 \u2192 \u6cf3\u3044\u3060<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u3059<\/td><td>\u3057\u305f<\/td><td>\u8a71\u3059 \u2192 \u8a71\u3057\u305f<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>Ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 <strong>\u884c\u304f \u2192 \u884c\u3063\u305f<\/strong>. \u1ede Nh\u00f3m 2, b\u1ecf \u308b v\u00e0 th\u00eam \u305f: <strong>\u898b\u308b \u2192 \u898b\u305f<\/strong> e <strong>\u98df\u3079\u308b \u2192 \u98df\u3079\u305f<\/strong>. \u1ede Nh\u00f3m 3, d\u00f9ng <strong>\u3059\u308b \u2192 \u3057\u305f<\/strong> e <strong>\u6765\u308b \u2192 \u6765\u305f\uff08\u304d\u305f\uff09<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<!--Ads10-->\n\n<h2>C\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sau khi t\u1ea1o d\u1ea1ng <strong>\u306a\u3044<\/strong>, b\u1ecf <strong>\u3044<\/strong> cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 th\u00eam <strong>\u0111\u00e3<\/strong>. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea3 ba nh\u00f3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044 \u2192 \u66f8\u304b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/strong> (kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft);<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044 \u2192 \u98df\u3079\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/strong> (kh\u00f4ng \u0103n);<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u3057\u306a\u3044 \u2192 \u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/strong> (kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m);<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6765\u306a\u3044 \u2192 \u6765\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/strong>\uff08\u3053\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn\uff09;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u306a\u3044 \u2192 \u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/strong> (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3; kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, cho \u3042\u308b).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch: thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Khi n\u00e0o d\u00f9ng d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i c\u00e2u ch\u00ednh, th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n th\u00e2n m\u1eadt. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean danh s\u00e1ch c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 \u201cb\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh\u201d. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/pre-intermediate\/pdf\/ZZ_L09.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Irodori v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a> nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n\n<p>Trong cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>A: \u660e\u65e5\u3001\u56f3\u66f8\u9928\u306b\u884c\u304f\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u3042\u3057\u305f\u3001\u3068\u3057\u3087\u304b\u3093\u306b\u3044\u304f\uff1f<br \/><em>Ashita, toshokan ni iku?<\/em><br \/>Ng\u00e0y mai b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111i th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>B: \u3046\u3093\u3001\u884c\u304f\u3002<\/strong><br \/><em>Un, iku.<\/em><br \/>\u1eea, t\u00f4i \u0111i.<\/p>\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1, tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u3078\u884c\u304f\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\u306b\u307b\u3093\u3078\u3044\u304f\u3068\u304a\u3082\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/><em>Nihon e iku to omoimasu.<\/em><br \/>T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u0110i<\/strong> \u1edf th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc <strong>\u3068<\/strong>, trong khi <strong>\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong> gi\u1eef k\u1ebft th\u00fac l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i sao \u201cth\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cn\u00f3i th\u00e2n m\u1eadt\u201d kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc danh t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>B\u1ed1n th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 ngh\u0129a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho danh t\u1eeb. C\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/a2.marugotoweb.jp\/en\/grammar\/description\/016.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ghi ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a Marugoto v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb + danh t\u1eeb<\/a> cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1eefa <strong>\u0102n<\/strong>, <strong>\u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044<\/strong>, <strong>\u0111\u00e3 \u0103n<\/strong> e <strong>\u98df\u3079\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u671d\u3054\u306f\u3093\u3092\u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/strong><br \/>M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0103n s\u00e1ng.<br \/><em>Asa-gohan o tabenai hito desu.<\/em><br \/>L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0103n s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb + \u3053\u3068:<\/strong> \u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068 (h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt);<\/li>\n<li><strong>m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 + \u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059:<\/strong> \u6765\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059 (t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn);<\/li>\n<li><strong>m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 + \u3093\u3067\u3059:<\/strong> \u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u805e\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3093\u3067\u3059 (l\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat);<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb + danh t\u1eeb:<\/strong> \u6628\u65e5\u8cb7\u3063\u305f\u672c (cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 mua h\u00f4m qua).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e2u ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/cach-tao-cau-tieng-nhat\/\">C\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e2u trong ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>G\u1ecdi th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu:<\/strong> s\u1ef1 so s\u00e1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng trong ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111u\u00f4i duy nh\u1ea5t:<\/strong> n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m \u308b, \u306a\u3044, \u305f v\u00e0 \u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f, t\u00f9y theo th\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh\/ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u1ecbch th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng-qu\u00e1-kh\u1ee9 lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i:<\/strong> <strong>\u660e\u65e5\u884c\u304f<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111u\u00f4i -iru ho\u1eb7c -eru l\u00e0 Nh\u00f3m 2:<\/strong> h\u00e3y x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 \u5e30\u308b v\u00e0 \u8d70\u308b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf cu\u1ed1i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0o:<\/strong> h\u00e3y \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u00e8n kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng b\u00ean trong c\u00e1ch chia:<\/strong> vi\u1ebft <strong>\u8cb7\u308f\u306a\u3044<\/strong>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i <span aria-label=\"d\u1ea1ng sai\">\u8cb7\u308f \u306a\u3044<\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp c\u00f3 b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n<p>Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n d\u1ea1ng: kh\u00f4ng-qu\u00e1-kh\u1ee9 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng-qu\u00e1-kh\u1ee9 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u66f8\u304f:<\/strong> \u66f8\u304f\u30fb\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044\u30fb\u66f8\u3044\u305f\u30fb\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u98df\u3079\u308b:<\/strong> \u98df\u3079\u308b\u30fb\u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044\u30fb\u98df\u3079\u305f\u30fb\u98df\u3079\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u884c\u304f:<\/strong> \u884c\u304f\u30fb\u884c\u304b\u306a\u3044\u30fb\u884c\u3063\u305f\u30fb\u884c\u304b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f. Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u3059\u308b:<\/strong> \u3059\u308b\u30fb\u3057\u306a\u3044\u30fb\u3057\u305f\u30fb\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6765\u308b:<\/strong> \u6765\u308b\uff08\u304f\u308b\uff09\u30fb\u6765\u306a\u3044\uff08\u3053\u306a\u3044\uff09\u30fb\u6765\u305f\uff08\u304d\u305f\uff09\u30fb\u6765\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff08\u3053\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff09.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc tra c\u1ee9u nhanh: x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00f3m, t\u1ea1o d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi \u306a\u3044, t\u1ea1o d\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u1edbi \u305f v\u00e0 suy ra qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed5i \u3044 c\u1ee7a \u306a\u3044 th\u00e0nh \u304b\u3063\u305f.<\/p>\n\n<h2>C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sau khi n\u1eafm v\u1eefng b\u1ed1n d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, h\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh ch\u00fang v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/dang-masu-cua-dong-tu-trong-tieng-nhat\/\">d\u1ea1ng \u307e\u3059 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb<\/a>. Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e3y luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/dang-te-cua-dong-tu-trong-tieng-nhat\/\">d\u1ea1ng \u3066<\/a> v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/dang-tiem-nang-cua-cac-dong-tu-tieng-nhat\/\">d\u1ea1ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng<\/a>. \u0110\u1ec3 xem l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, h\u00e3y quay l\u1ea1i <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/ngu-phap-tieng-nhat-co-ban\/\">c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-9d22e4e2ee8ce\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>D\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng-qu\u00e1-kh\u1ee9, nh\u01b0 \u66f8\u304f v\u00e0 \u98df\u3079\u308b. B\u1ed9 d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u306a\u3044, \u305f v\u00e0 \u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-e13f8d7309ae3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00f3 lu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng trang tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng. \u1ede cu\u1ed1i m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n phong \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c th\u00e2n m\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb + danh t\u1eeb, \uff5e\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059 v\u00e0 \uff5e\u3093\u3067\u3059, ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e2u k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-a5d845164eeba\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i hay t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng-qu\u00e1-kh\u1ee9. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 th\u00f3i quen, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u00f9y theo lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh. \u6bce\u65e5\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t th\u00f3i quen; \u660e\u65e5\u884c\u304f th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-6e747724149b3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u01a1n ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng \u306a\u3044, b\u1ecf \u3044 cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 th\u00eam \u304b\u3063\u305f: \u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044 th\u00e0nh \u66f8\u304b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f, \u98df\u3079\u306a\u3044 th\u00e0nh \u98df\u3079\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f, \u3057\u306a\u3044 th\u00e0nh \u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f v\u00e0 \u6765\u306a\u3044 th\u00e0nh \u6765\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-3e06913bb8830\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">M\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng iru ho\u1eb7c eru \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c Nh\u00f3m 2?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng. \u0110u\u00f4i t\u1eeb n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u1ee3i \u00fd. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 \u5e30\u308b, \u8d70\u308b, \u5207\u308b v\u00e0 \u8981\u308b thu\u1ed9c Nh\u00f3m 1 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi \u3089\u306a\u3044.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u1ecdc b\u1ed1n d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt, chia \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb godan, ichidan v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t quy t\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u khi n\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1752,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,73],"tags":[27,71,2,3],"class_list":["post-1751","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-verbos-em-japones","tag-gramatica","tag-gramatica-japonesa","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1751","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1751"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1751\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4420,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1751\/revisions\/4420"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1752"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1751"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1751"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1751"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}