{"id":2108,"date":"2009-11-04T06:21:42","date_gmt":"2009-11-04T08:21:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/?p=2108"},"modified":"2026-08-15T18:29:12","modified_gmt":"2026-08-15T21:29:12","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%94%a8%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%9e%e8%a1%a8%e9%81%94%e3%80%8c%e6%83%b3%e8%a6%81%e6%9f%90%e6%a8%a3%e6%9d%b1%e8%a5%bf%e3%80%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/como-dizer-que-quer-algo-em-japones\/","title":{"rendered":"Hoshii\uff08\u6b32\u3057\u3044\uff09\u65e5\u8a9e\u4e2d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u9054\u60f3\u8981\u67d0\u7269"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u8981\u7528\u65e5\u8a9e\u8aaa\u300c\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u67d0\u6a23\u6771\u897f\u300d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u6700\u6709\u7528\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u662f <strong><span lang=\"ja\">N\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span> (N ga hoshii desu)<\/strong>. \u55ae\u8a5e <span lang=\"ja\">\u60f3\u8981<\/span> (\u307b\u3057\u3044, <em>hoshii<\/em>)\u8868\u793a\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u4e00\u500b\u6771\u897f\uff1a\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u3001\u7a7a\u9592\u6642\u9593\u3001\u4e00\u500b\u6a5f\u6703\u6216\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u540d\u8a5e\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u7576\u9858\u671b\u6d89\u53ca\u52d5\u4f5c\u6642\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u5c31\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u60f3\u8981\u505a\u300d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%9e%e5%8b%95%e8%a9%9e%e7%9a%84%e3%80%8ctai%e3%80%8d%e5%bd%a2%e5%bc%8f\/\">\u5f62\u5f0f <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span> \u52d5\u8a5e\u7684<\/a>. \u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u60f3\u8981\u67d0\u4eba\u505a\u300d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/span>. \u5dee\u7570\u770b\u4f3c\u5fae\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u6df7\u6dc6\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u548c\u807d\u8d77\u4f86\u6bd4\u4f60\u539f\u672c\u610f\u5716\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u5feb\u901f\u56de\u7b54\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u65e5\u8a9e\u8aaa\u60f3\u8981\u67d0\u6a23\u6771\u897f\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u7d50\u69cb\uff1a<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Person \u306f + thing \u304c + <span lang=\"ja\">\u6211\u60f3\u8981<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>\u5728\u5c0d\u8a71\u4e2d\uff0c\u7576 <span lang=\"ja\">\u306f<\/span> \u5df2\u7d93\u6e05\u695a\u6642\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u7701\u7565\u4e3b\u984c\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u79c1\u306f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u8f9e\u66f8\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Watashi wa atarashii jisho ga hoshii desu.<\/em><br \/>\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u4e00\u672c\u65b0\u5b57\u5178\u3002.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3082\u3046\u5c11\u3057\u6642\u9593\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Mou sukoshi jikan ga hoshii desu.<\/em><br \/>\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u4e00\u9ede\u6642\u9593\u3002.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u4f55\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Nani ga hoshii desu ka.<\/em><br \/>\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u6771\u897f\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u4f34\u96a8 <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/%e4%bd%95%e6%99%82%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-ga-%e7%b2%92%e5%ad%90\/\">\u9846\u7c92 <span lang=\"ja\">\u304c<\/span><\/a>. \u3002\u9019\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u8a18\u4f4f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u53e5\u578b\uff1a <span lang=\"ja\">\u6c34\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/span>, \u800c\u4e0d\u662f <span lang=\"ja\">\u6c34\u3092\u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>hoshii \u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u60f3\u8981<\/span> \u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ffb\u8b6f\u70ba\u300c\u60f3\u8981\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6e34\u671b\u300d\u6216\u300c\u559c\u6b61\u64c1\u6709\u300d\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5728\u8461\u8404\u7259\u8a9e\u7ffb\u8b6f\u4e2d\u7d93\u5e38\u8b8a\u6210\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8a9e\u6cd5\u4e0a\u5b83\u662f <strong>\u3044\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e<\/strong>. \u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u9075\u5faa\u8207 <span lang=\"ja\">\u65b0\u3057\u3044<\/span> \uff08\u65b0\u7684\uff09\u548c <span lang=\"ja\">\u5feb\u6a02<\/span> \uff08\u6709\u8da3\u7684\uff09\u7b49\u8a5e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u9019\u500b\u5206\u985e\u5c0d\u4f60\u4f86\u8aaa\u9084\u662f\u65b0\u7684\uff0c\u8acb\u8907\u7fd2\u65e5\u8a9e\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%9e%e7%9a%84%e5%bd%a2%e5%ae%b9%e8%a9%9e-i\/\">\u3044\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e<\/a>. \u3002\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u500b\u57fa\u790e\u6703\u8b93 <span lang=\"ja\">\u60f3\u8981<\/span> \u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u548c\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u66f4\u52a0\u53ef\u9810\u6e2c\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u5982\u4f55\u6d3b\u7528 \u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/h2>\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>\u6642\u614b\u8207\u80af\u5b9a\/\u5426\u5b9a<\/th><th>\u5f62\u5f0f<\/th><th>\u5927\u81f4\u610f\u601d<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u975e\u904e\u53bb\u80af\u5b9a<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6211\u60f3\u8981<\/span><br \/><em>hoshii desu<\/em><\/td><td>\u60f3\u8981<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u975e\u904e\u53bb\u5426\u5b9a<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6b32\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><em>hoshikunai desu<\/em><\/td><td>\u4e0d\u60f3\u8981<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u80af\u5b9a\u5f0f\u904e\u53bb\u6642<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6b32\u3057\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><em>hoshikatta desu<\/em><\/td><td>\u60f3\u8981\uff08\u904e\u53bb\u5f0f\uff09\/ \u66fe\u60f3\u8981<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u904e\u53bb\u5f0f\uff08\u5426\u5b9a\uff09<\/td><td><span lang=\"ja\">\u6b32\u3057\u304f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/span><br \/><em>hoshikunakatta desu<\/em><\/td><td>n\u00e3o queria \/ n\u00e3o quis<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<h3>Exemplos no afirmativo e no negativo<\/h3>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u65c5\u884c\u306e\u5199\u771f\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Ryokou no shashin ga hoshii desu.<\/em><br \/>Eu quero as fotos da viagem.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kyou wa koohii ga hoshikunai desu.<\/em><br \/>Hoje eu n\u00e3o quero caf\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3>Exemplos no passado<\/h3>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u72ac\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kodomo no toki, inu ga hoshikatta desu.<\/em><br \/>Quando eu era crian\u00e7a, queria um cachorro.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u524d\u306f\u8eca\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u304f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Mae wa kuruma ga hoshikunakatta desu.<\/em><br \/>Antes eu n\u00e3o queria um carro.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Em japon\u00eas, o chamado \u201cn\u00e3o passado\u201d pode falar tanto do presente quanto de uma situa\u00e7\u00e3o futura. O momento geralmente fica claro por palavras como <span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca<\/span> (agora), <span lang=\"ja\">\u4eca\u65e5<\/span> (hoje) ou pelo contexto.<\/p>\n\n<!--Ads6-->\n\n<h2>Quando usar \u304c e quando usar \u306f com \u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/h2>\n\n<p>Na frase neutra, <span lang=\"ja\">\u304c<\/span> marca aquilo que \u00e9 desejado:<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30d1\u30bd\u30b3\u30f3\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Atarashii pasokon ga hoshii desu.<\/em><br \/>Eu quero um computador novo.<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u306f<\/span> pode aparecer quando h\u00e1 contraste ou quando o item j\u00e1 \u00e9 o t\u00f3pico da conversa:<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u30d1\u30bd\u30b3\u30f3\u306f\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u30bf\u30d6\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u306f\u8981\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Pasokon wa hoshii desu ga, taburetto wa irimasen.<\/em><br \/>Eu quero um computador, mas n\u00e3o preciso de um tablet.<\/p>\n\n<p>Isso n\u00e3o transforma <span lang=\"ja\">\u306f<\/span> em substituto autom\u00e1tico de <span lang=\"ja\">\u304c<\/span>. Para come\u00e7ar, memorize <span lang=\"ja\">N\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/span> e use <span lang=\"ja\">\u306f<\/span> quando houver uma raz\u00e3o clara para topicalizar ou contrastar o substantivo.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Hoshii em frases casuais e educadas<\/h2>\n\n<p>A forma sem <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span>\u4f8b\u5982 <span lang=\"ja\">\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u9774\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/span>, \u00e9 comum em conversas casuais e em pensamentos pessoais. Acrescentar <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span> deixa a frase polida, mas n\u00e3o altera a flex\u00e3o de <span lang=\"ja\">\u60f3\u8981<\/span>: quem muda para o negativo ou o passado continua sendo o adjetivo.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u308c\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kore ga hoshii.<\/em><br \/>Quero isto. (casual)<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u308c\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kore ga hoshii desu.<\/em><br \/>Quero isto. (polido)<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u308c\u306f\u6b32\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kore wa hoshikunai desu.<\/em><br \/>Isto eu n\u00e3o quero. (polido, com contraste)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 poss\u00edvel usar <span lang=\"ja\">\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304c<\/span> para apresentar uma necessidade ou desejo e deixar que o interlocutor responda. Em uma papelaria, por exemplo:<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u767d\u3044\u7d19\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304c\u2026\u2026\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Shiroi kami ga hoshii n desu ga&#8230;<\/em><br \/>Eu gostaria de papel branco&#8230;<\/p>\n\n<p>A frase n\u00e3o termina com uma pergunta expl\u00edcita. O final <span lang=\"ja\">\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304c<\/span> cria espa\u00e7o para a outra pessoa oferecer ajuda, fazer uma pergunta ou indicar onde encontrar o item. Esse recurso \u00e9 \u00fatil quando o contexto torna o pedido previs\u00edvel, mas n\u00e3o substitui todas as formas de solicitar algo.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Hoshii significa \u201cquerer\u201d ou \u201cprecisar\u201d?<\/h2>\n\n<p>A tradu\u00e7\u00e3o mais segura de <span lang=\"ja\">\u60f3\u8981<\/span> \u00e9 \u201cquerer\u201d ou \u201cdesejar\u201d. Em portugu\u00eas, \u00e0s vezes traduzimos uma frase como \u201cpreciso de\u201d porque isso soa mais natural na situa\u00e7\u00e3o, mas essa equival\u00eancia depende do contexto.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u8f03\uff1a<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u4f11\u307f\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Yasumi ga hoshii desu.<\/em><br \/>Eu quero uma folga \/ preciso de uma folga.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u30d1\u30b9\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Pasupooto ga hitsuyou desu.<\/em><br \/>\u00c9 necess\u00e1rio ter um passaporte \/ preciso de um passaporte.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Na primeira frase, o falante expressa desejo. Na segunda, <span lang=\"ja\">\u5fc5\u8981<\/span> indica necessidade objetiva. Traduzir todo <span lang=\"ja\">\u60f3\u8981<\/span> como \u201cprecisar\u201d pode apagar essa diferen\u00e7a.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Hoshii e tai: qual \u00e9 a diferen\u00e7a?<\/h2>\n\n<p>A diferen\u00e7a principal est\u00e1 no tipo de desejo:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span lang=\"ja\">N\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/span><\/strong>: quero uma coisa.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span lang=\"ja\">V\u307e\u3059 + \u305f\u3044<\/span><\/strong>: quero realizar uma a\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u8f03\uff1a<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u672c\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Nihongo no hon ga hoshii desu.<\/em><br \/>Eu quero um livro de japon\u00eas.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u672c\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Nihongo no hon o yomitai desu.<\/em><br \/>Eu quero ler um livro de japon\u00eas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Na primeira frase, o foco \u00e9 a coisa desejada: o livro. Na segunda, o foco \u00e9 a a\u00e7\u00e3o de ler. Para formar a segunda estrutura com seguran\u00e7a, veja tamb\u00e9m <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%94%a8%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%9e%e9%80%a0%e5%8f%a5\/\">como organizar frases em japon\u00eas<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Como falar do desejo de outra pessoa?<\/h2>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u60f3\u8981<\/span> descreve um estado interno. Por isso, \u00e9 mais natural us\u00e1-lo para o pr\u00f3prio desejo ou em perguntas dirigidas ao interlocutor. Ao afirmar o desejo de uma terceira pessoa, o japon\u00eas costuma indicar a fonte da informa\u00e7\u00e3o ou um comportamento observ\u00e1vel.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Relatar o que a pessoa disse<\/h3>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u7f8e\u54b2\u3055\u3093\u306f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u81ea\u8ee2\u8eca\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Misaki-san wa atarashii jitensha ga hoshii to itte imasu.<\/em><br \/>Misaki diz que quer uma bicicleta nova.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Descrever um desejo percebido<\/h3>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u5f1f\u306f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30b2\u30fc\u30e0\u3092\u6b32\u3057\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Otouto wa atarashii geemu o hoshigatte imasu.<\/em><br \/>Meu irm\u00e3o mais novo est\u00e1 querendo um jogo novo.<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u6b32\u3057\u304c\u308b<\/span> funciona como verbo e normalmente marca a coisa desejada com <span lang=\"ja\">\u3092<\/span>. A nuance \u00e9 \u201cdar sinais de que quer\u201d, n\u00e3o acessar diretamente o pensamento da pessoa. Em relatos, <span lang=\"ja\">\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/span> costuma ser a alternativa mais transparente.<\/p>\n\n<h2>O que significa V\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044?<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u7576 <span lang=\"ja\">\u60f3\u8981<\/span> vem depois de um <a href=\"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%9e%e5%8b%95%e8%a9%9e%e7%9a%84%e8%ae%8a%e4%bd%8d%e5%bd%a2%e5%bc%8f\/\">\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066<\/span><\/a>, o sentido deixa de ser \u201cquero uma coisa\u201d e passa a ser <strong>\u201cquero que algu\u00e9m fa\u00e7a algo\u201d<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>A estrutura b\u00e1sica \u00e9:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Pessoa \u306b + objeto \u3092 + verbo na forma \u3066 + <span lang=\"ja\">\u60f3\u8981<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u307f\u306a\u3055\u3093\u306b\u3053\u306e\u672c\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Minasan ni kono hon o yonde hoshii desu.<\/em><br \/>Quero que todos leiam este livro.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u53cb\u3060\u3061\u306b\u624b\u4f1d\u3063\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Tomodachi ni tetsudatte hoshii desu.<\/em><br \/>Quero que um amigo me ajude.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u3053\u306e\u6620\u753b\u3092\u898b\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kono eiga o mite hoshii desu.<\/em><br \/>Quero que voc\u00ea veja este filme.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Observe a forma correta <span lang=\"ja\">\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/span>: o verbo <span lang=\"ja\">\u8aad\u3080<\/span> \u8f49 <span lang=\"ja\">\u8aad\u3093\u3067<\/span> na forma <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066<\/span>. Formas como <span lang=\"ja\">\u8aad\u3093\u3060\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/span> est\u00e3o incorretas.<\/p>\n\n<h2>V\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u55ce\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n<p>N\u00e3o necessariamente. A estrutura expressa um desejo dirigido \u00e0 a\u00e7\u00e3o de outra pessoa. Dependendo da rela\u00e7\u00e3o, da entona\u00e7\u00e3o e da situa\u00e7\u00e3o, por\u00e9m, a forma direta <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/span> pode soar forte, insistente ou exigente.<\/p>\n\n<p>Entre pessoas pr\u00f3ximas, ela pode ser natural:<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u660e\u65e5\u306f\u65e9\u304f\u6765\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Ashita wa hayaku kite hoshii.<\/em><br \/>Quero que voc\u00ea venha cedo amanh\u00e3.<\/p>\n\n<p>Quando voc\u00ea est\u00e1 pedindo ajuda ou falando com algu\u00e9m pouco pr\u00f3ximo, uma formula\u00e7\u00e3o com <span lang=\"ja\">\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304c<\/span> apresenta o pedido de modo menos abrupto:<\/p>\n\n<p><span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u307f\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3001\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u898b\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304c\u2026\u2026\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Sumimasen, chotto mite hoshii n desu ga&#8230;<\/em><br \/>Com licen\u00e7a, eu gostaria que voc\u00ea desse uma olhada&#8230;<\/p>\n\n<p>Em situa\u00e7\u00f5es formais ou com superiores, prefira um pedido adequado ao grau de polidez, como <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3060\u3051\u307e\u3059\u304b<\/span>. Portanto, <span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/span> n\u00e3o \u00e9 uma constru\u00e7\u00e3o reservada a chefes, mas tamb\u00e9m n\u00e3o \u00e9 automaticamente cort\u00eas s\u00f3 porque termina em <span lang=\"ja\">\u3067\u3059<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Mini di\u00e1logo com V\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304c<\/h3>\n\n<p><strong>A\uff1a<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u3059\u307f\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30e1\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u898b\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304c\u2026\u2026\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Sumimasen, kono meeru o mite hoshii n desu ga&#8230;<\/em><br \/>Com licen\u00e7a, gostaria que voc\u00ea desse uma olhada neste e-mail&#8230;<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>B\uff1a<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u306f\u3044\u3001\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3088\u3002\u3069\u3046\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Hai, ii desu yo. Dou shimashita ka.<\/em><br \/>Claro. O que aconteceu?<\/p>\n\n<p>A fala de A apresenta o pedido sem transformar <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/span> em uma ordem. B aceita e pede mais contexto. Em uma situa\u00e7\u00e3o de atendimento ou diante de algu\u00e9m hierarquicamente superior, uma pergunta com <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3060\u3051\u307e\u3059\u304b<\/span> pode ser mais apropriada.<\/p>\n\n<h2>Erros comuns com hoshii<\/h2>\n\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u975e\u5e38\u7c21\u55ae\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u666e\u901a\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u4e26\u5728 <span lang=\"ja\">\u3092<\/span> \u65bc <span lang=\"ja\">N\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/span>.<\/strong> Para uma coisa desejada, o padr\u00e3o b\u00e1sico \u00e9 <span lang=\"ja\">N\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5c07 <span lang=\"ja\">\u60f3\u8981<\/span> como verbo na conjuga\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/strong> Ele \u00e9 um adjetivo em \u3044: <span lang=\"ja\">\u4e0d\u60f3<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u4e00\u76f4\u60f3\u8981\u7684<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u975e\u5e38\u7c21\u55ae\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u666e\u901a\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u4e26\u5728 <span lang=\"ja\">\u60f3\u8981<\/span> para \u201cquero fazer\u201d.<\/strong> Com a\u00e7\u00f5es pr\u00f3prias, use <span lang=\"ja\">V\u305f\u3044<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Colocar o verbo no passado antes de <span lang=\"ja\">\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/span>.<\/strong> Para \u201cquero que leia\u201d, diga <span lang=\"ja\">\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/span>, com a <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u5f62<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Presumir o desejo de outra pessoa.<\/strong> Em afirma\u00e7\u00f5es sobre terceiros, cite o que ela disse ou use uma forma que indique observa\u00e7\u00e3o, como <span lang=\"ja\">\u6b32\u3057\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ignorar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o social.<\/strong> <span lang=\"ja\">\u4f55\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/span> \u00e9 poss\u00edvel, mas pode ser direto demais para perguntar a uma pessoa de posi\u00e7\u00e3o superior o que ela quer.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h2>Exerc\u00edcio r\u00e1pido<\/h2>\n\n<p>Escolha entre <span lang=\"ja\">\u60f3\u8981<\/span>, <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span> e <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/span>:<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li>Eu quero uma c\u00e2mera nova.<\/li>\n<li>Eu quero tirar fotos em Kyoto.<\/li>\n<li>Eu quero que meu amigo veja estas fotos.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p><strong>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30ab\u30e1\u30e9\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Atarashii kamera ga hoshii desu.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u4eac\u90fd\u3067\u5199\u771f\u3092\u64ae\u308a\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Kyouto de shashin o toritai desu.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"ja\">\u53cb\u3060\u3061\u306b\u3053\u306e\u5199\u771f\u3092\u898b\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><br \/><em>Tomodachi ni kono shashin o mite hoshii desu.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>O resumo \u00e9 simples: <strong>coisa + <span lang=\"ja\">\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/span><\/strong>, <strong>a\u00e7\u00e3o pr\u00f3pria + <span lang=\"ja\">\u305f\u3044<\/span><\/strong> e <strong>a\u00e7\u00e3o de outra pessoa + <span lang=\"ja\">\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044<\/span><\/strong>. Ao dominar essa separa\u00e7\u00e3o, voc\u00ea passa a expressar desejos de forma muito mais clara em japon\u00eas.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c<\/h2>\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-442738160f4db\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">hoshii \u5728\u65e5\u8a9e\u4e2d\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\uff1f<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Hoshii (\u6b32\u3057\u3044) \u8868\u9054\u60f3\u8981\u64c1\u6709\u67d0\u7269\u7684\u9858\u671b\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u7d50\u69cb\u662f N\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 \u65b0\u3057\u3044\u672c\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\uff1a\u300e\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u4e00\u672c\u65b0\u66f8\u300f\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-7b3b68894698c\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Hoshii \u662f\u52d5\u8a5e\u9084\u662f\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\uff1f<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u6b32\u3057\u3044 \u662f \u3044 \u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6210\u8461\u8404\u7259\u8a9e\u7684\u52d5\u8a5e\u300equerer\u300f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u8b8a\u5316\u70ba \u6b32\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3001\u6b32\u3057\u304b\u3063\u305f \u548c \u6b32\u3057\u304f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-c4a0ffd7c3180\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">hoshii \u8a72\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u500b\u52a9\u8a5e\uff1f<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u82e5\u8981\u6a19\u8a18\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u53e5\u578b\u4f7f\u7528 \u304c\uff1aN\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3002\u52a9\u8a5e \u306f \u53ef\u4ee5\u51fa\u73fe\u4f86\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u984c\u6216\u5c0d\u6bd4\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9019\u500b\u7d50\u69cb\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e \u6b32\u3057\u3044 \u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528 \u3092\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-ddf6628a6ccf1\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">hoshii \u548c tai \u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5340\u5225\uff1f<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>N\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044 \u8868\u793a\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u67d0\u6a23\u6771\u897f\u3002V\u305f\u3044 \u8868\u793a\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u57f7\u884c\u67d0\u500b\u52d5\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044 \u610f\u601d\u662f\u300c\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u300d\uff1b\u672c\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u305f\u3044 \u610f\u601d\u662f\u300c\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u8b80\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u300d\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-26349b534c244\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">te hoshii \u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\uff1f<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>V\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044 \u8868\u793a\u8aaa\u8a71\u8005\u5e0c\u671b\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u57f7\u884c\u67d0\u500b\u52d5\u4f5c\u3002\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u307b\u3057\u3044 \u662f\u300e\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u8b80\u300f\uff1b\u52d5\u8a5e\u9700\u8981\u63a1\u7528 \u3066 \u5f62\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-d7f8e4d74d850\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">V\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u55ce\uff1f<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u4e26\u975e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u8a72\u7d50\u69cb\u8868\u9054\u4e86\u5c0d\u4ed6\u4eba\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u671f\u671b\uff0c\u4f46\u76f4\u63a5\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u6839\u64da\u95dc\u4fc2\u548c\u60c5\u5883\u800c\u986f\u5f97\u592a\u5f37\u786c\u3002V\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304c \u4f7f\u8acb\u6c42\u7684\u5448\u73fe\u66f4\u70ba\u67d4\u548c\uff1b\u6b63\u5f0f\u5834\u5408\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u79ae\u8c8c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-eca324d584b26\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u65e5\u8a9e\u8868\u9054\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u60f3\u8981\u67d0\u6a23\u6771\u897f\uff1f<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 N\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 \u4f86\u8f49\u8ff0\u5979\u8aaa\u7684\u8a71\u3002\u8981\u63cf\u8ff0\u53ef\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u6e34\u671b\u8de1\u8c61\u6642\uff0c\u5e38\u7528 \u6b32\u3057\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff0c\u4e26\u7528 \u3092 \u4f86\u6a19\u8a18\u6e34\u671b\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>Fontes para aprofundar<\/h2>\n\n<p>As explica\u00e7\u00f5es foram conferidas em materiais da Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Jap\u00e3o: a entrada <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kyozai.jpf.go.jp\/kyozai\/material\/BTS00156\/ja\/render.do\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span lang=\"ja\">N\u304c\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/span> do Minna no Kyozai<\/a>, \uff0co <a href=\"https:\/\/a1.marugotoweb.jp\/ja\/appendix_06.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">quadro de flex\u00e3o dos adjetivos em \u3044 do Marugoto<\/a>, o cap\u00edtulo do Irodori sobre <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irodori.jpf.go.jp\/assets\/data\/pre-intermediate\/pdf\/ZZ_L11.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span lang=\"ja\">V\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304c<\/span><\/a> e o artigo <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpf.go.jp\/j\/project\/japanese\/teach\/tsushin\/grammar\/201507.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Express\u00e3o de desejo<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u65e5\u8a9e\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528hoshii\uff08\u6b32\u3057\u3044\uff09\u4f86\u8868\u9054\u60f3\u8981\u67d0\u7269\uff0c\u6d3b\u7528\u8a72\u8868\u9054\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u5340\u5206\u305f\u3044\u3001\u6b32\u3057\u304c\u308b\u548c\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3002.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":2117,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,70,73],"tags":[69,2,3],"class_list":["post-2108","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curso-de-japones-gratis","category-gramatica-japonesa","category-verbos-em-japones","tag-curso-japones-gratis","tag-idioma-japones","tag-nihongo","resize-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2108","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2108"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2108\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4434,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2108\/revisions\/4434"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2117"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2108"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2108"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/comoaprenderjapones.net\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2108"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}